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腦深層刺激

出自維基百科,自由嘅百科全書

腦深層刺激nou5 sam1 cang4 ci3 gik1英文deep brain stimulationDBS)係一種神經外科技術,源於廿世紀中。腦深層刺激涉及開刀將電極安全噉植入去病人嘅嗰度,並且透過呢啲電極嚟持續噉刺激個病人嘅特定腦區,通常係攞嚟醫某啲心理病嘅。

例如有研究抑鬱症嘅科學家就對 DBS 有興趣:抑鬱症嘅其中一個病徵係失樂(anhedonia),指病人對原本有興趣嘅活動(例如係不嬲玩開嘅嗜好)失去興趣,而神經科學研究表明,抑鬱症往往涉及多個犒賞系統腦區-包括前額皮層NAc(會幫手產生快感嘅腦區)呀噉[1]-活動弱得滯,所以呢啲科學家就喺度諗緊試吓用 DBS 嘅技術,用電極刺激抑鬱症病人嘅 NAc 等嘅腦區,而廿一世紀初嘅研究發現,呢種做法的確有助舒緩抑鬱症嘅失樂症狀[2][3]

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  1. Bewernick, B. H., Kayser, S., Sturm, V., & Schlaepfer, T. E. (2012). Long-term effects of nucleus accumbens deep brain stimulation in treatment-resistant depression: evidence for sustained efficacy (PDF). Neuropsychopharmacology, 37(9), 1975-1985.
  2. Schlaepfer, T. E., Cohen, M. X., Frick, C., Kosel, M., Brodesser, D., Axmacher, N., ... & Sturm, V. (2008). Deep brain stimulation to reward circuitry alleviates anhedonia in refractory major depression (PDF). Neuropsychopharmacology, 33(2), 368-377.
  3. Schlaepfer, T. E., Bewernick, B. H., Kayser, S., Hurlemann, R., & Coenen, V. A. (2014). Deep brain stimulation of the human reward system for major depression - rationale, outcomes and outlook (PDF). Neuropsychopharmacology, 39(6), 1303-1314.