夏末節
夏末節，節日之一，流行愛爾蘭、蘇格蘭、萌島等地，定喺西曆十一月一號，現今寫法有Samhain、Sauin、Oíche Shamhna咁。當地四季節日之一。而呢日就完咗豐收季，接落冬季，一半暗半開始.。古時十一月亦用依啲代表。古時當地以日落就開始第二日，因而節十月卅號晚就開始慶祝。呢日又秋分到冬至半途。
古時記載，呢日古墓重開，通往異世，同時人人聚首一堂，大飲大食。亦有話有柴火，有牲祭。近世又有話由夏牧地帶走啲牛，又宰畜牲。點柴火以保護同清理[1]。
由此可知夏末節祭上飲食，出於取悅眾精靈，以祈畜牲平安過冬。而親人亡靈，又得到接待，返屋企食一餐。逐家逐戶扮鬼扮馬換食，正正學精靈咁款。
呢日後來轉化成基督教萬聖節[2][3][4]。而萬聖節前夕亦喺夏末節開始之時。諸靈節亦可見同夏末節相關。
攷
[編輯]- ↑ O'Driscoll, Robert (ed.) (1981) The Celtic Consciousness New York: Braziller ISBN 0-8076-1136-0 pp. 197–216: Ross, Anne "Material Culture, Myth and Folk Memory" (on modern survivals); pp. 217–42: Danaher, Kevin "Irish Folk Tradition and the Celtic Calendar" (on specific customs and rituals)
- ↑ Hutton, p. 364
- ↑ Pseudo-Bede, Homiliae subdititiae; John Hennig, 'The Meaning of All the Saints', Mediaeval Studies 10 (1948), 147–61.
- ↑ "All Saints Day," The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, 3rd edition, ed. E. A. Livingstone (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), 41–42; The New Catholic Encyclopedia, eo.loc.