Ko͘-li̍p hē-thóng

Ko͘-li̍p, hong-pì, kap khai-hòng hē-thóng kau-ōaⁿ lêng-liōng kap chit-liōng ê te̍k-sèng.

Ko͘-li̍p hē-thóng (孤立系統)

• tī kó͘-tián le̍k-ha̍k tiong, kóng ê sī chi̍t ê bōe kap gōa-kài sán-seng kau-hō͘ chok-iōng ê hē-thóng; hē-thóng ê ūn-tōng-liōng bōe cheng-ka mā bōe kiám-chió.
• tī jia̍t-le̍k-ha̍k tiong, kóng ê sī chi̍t ê oân-choân bōe kap gōa-kài kau-ōaⁿ lêng-liōng ia̍h chit-liōng ê hē-thóng. Jīm-hô lêng-liōng kap chit-liōng lóng bē-tàng chìn-jip ia̍h lī-khui chi̍t ê ko͘-li̍p hē-thóng, ka-nā ē-tàng tī hē-thóng lāi-pō͘ sóa-tāng.