Bologna
I-Bologna (kwintetho yesi-Bolognese iBulåggna) ngumasipala wase -Italiya onabemi abangama- 388 206 , ikomkhulu lesixeko esifanayo, yona ikomkhulu le- Emilia-Romagna [1], elisembindini wesixeko esinabemi abangaphezu kwesigidi [2] . Ikhaya kweyona yunivesithi indala kwihlabathi laseNtshona [3], ibamba abafundi abaninzi abenza ubomi bayo benkcubeko nentlalontle. Iyaziwa ngeenqaba zayo ezinde, i-porticos zayo ezinde kunye neziko lembali eligcinwe kakuhle, phakathi kwezona zinkulu e- Itali .
Isixeko, esineendawo zokuhlala zokuqala ukusukela kwinkulungwane yokuqala ye-BC, yayiliziko ledolophu elibalulekileyo kuqala phantsi kwe- Etruscans kunye namaCelt, emva koko phantsi kwamaRoma kwaye, kumaXesha Aphakathi, njengomasipala okhululekileyo . Ikomkhulu eliseMantla yeLizwe likaPapa ukusukela kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithandathu [4], yadlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ngexesha leRisorgimento kwaye, ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, yayiyenye yeehabhu zeResistance . Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, njengoninzi lwe-Emilia, yayilawulwa phantse ngokuqhubekayo ngolawulo lwasekhohlo .
I-Bologna yindlela ebalulekileyo kunye ne-hub yonxibelelwano lukaloliwe kumantla e-Italiya, kwindawo apho amashishini abalulekileyo oomatshini, ombane kunye nokutya ahlala khona. Likhaya kumaziko adumileyo enkcubeko, ezoqoqosho nezopolitiko, kwaye lelinye lawona maziko aphambili emiboniso eYurophu . Kwi -2000 yayiyi " capital yaseYurophu yenkcubeko ", kwi -2021 i-arcades yayo yaqatshelwa njengendawo yelifa lehlabathi yi -UNESCO [5] .
- ↑ "Art. 1, c. 3, dello statuto regionale emiliano-romagnolo" Regione Emilia-Romagna archived from the original on 2015-06-30 retrieved 2023-10-07
- ↑ "Città in trasformazione. Bologna, una città sostenibile"
- ↑ "Oldest university" (in inglese) Guinness World Records
- ↑ "Papa Gregorio XIII e il ritratto di Bologna" 28 gennaio 2012
- ↑ "I portici di Bologna sono stati nominati patrimonio dell’Unesco" Corriere della Sera 28 luglio 2021