IJografi

IJografi zizifundo ngeHlabathi nangeempawu zalo, izidalwa ezihlala kulo, kunye nokwenzeka kwalo. Igama elithi jografi livela kumagama esiGrike athi gê ("Umhlaba") kunye nelithigraphein ("ukubhala, ukuzoba"). Lithetha "ukubhala kunye nokuzoba umhlaba". eli gama laqala ukusetyenziswa ngumphandi obizwa ngokuba nguEratosthenes (276-194 B.C.).

Imephu yomhlaba

Iimpawu zalo zizinto ezifana namazwekazi, iilwandle, imilambo kunye neentaba. Abahlali balo ngabo bonke bantu kunye nezilwanyana ezihlala kulo. Izinto ezenzeka kulo zizinto ezifana namaza omoya, umoya, kunye nenyikima.

Umntu oyingcaphephe kwijografi kuthiwa yijografa. Ijografa izama ukuqonda ngeHlabathi nangezinto ezikulo, zaaqala kanjani zaza zatshintsha njani.

IJografi yahlulwe yangamacandela amabini elephysical geography nele human geography. KwiPhysical geography kufundwa ngobume bendalo yehlabathi ukanti kwihuman geography kufundwa ngobume boluntu kwihlabathi. Kwizifundo zoluntu lwasemhlabeni kungabandakanywa izinto ezifana noluntuolukwisizwe, Lumi njani uqoqosho lwesizwe, nezinye izinto.

iijografa kufuneka zibenolwazi oluphangaleleyo ngeemephu kuba kaloku iimephu zibaluleke kakhulu kumntu ofuna ukwazi ngejografi. Iijografi zizisebenzisa kakhulu iimephu, zide zizenze nokuzenza ngamaxesha amaninzi. ukwenziwa kwememphu kuthiwa yi''cartografi'', Ngokufanayo, abantu abenza iimephu kuthiwa ziicartografa.

Emhlabeni

Itropical cyclone off Brazil

Iijografa ezifunda ziphicothe le planethi yasemhlabeni zingaqwalasela oku kulandelayo:

• Imozulu
• Ubume bomhlaba
• amazwekazi
• Iilwandle
• umhlaba
• amatye
• imilambo
• iintaba
• iintshukumo zobushushu ezenzeka kwinzulu yomhlaba
• iintshukumo ezenzeka kufutshane nomphezulu womhlaba

Uluntu lwasemhlabeni

Igquba labantu lijikeleze iband.

Iijografa ezifunda ngoluntu lwasemhlabeni lungaqwalasela oku kulandelayo:

• Uluntu
• amazwe omhlaba
• ukusetyenziswa komhlaba
• ezolimo
• Isixeko
• Ushishino
• Amandla elanga
• Ungcoliseko/udungeko
• ungcoliseko lomoya

Amaphepha azalana nale ngxoxo

• igalelo lejografi kupolitiko lwehlabathi

Ezinye iiwebsite

• A geography trivia website
• Geography Trainer 1.3 - Educational game aimed at school children
• www.geoknow.net - Geography resources at your fingertips!
• PopulationData.net
• PopulationMondiale.com
• Using Literature To Teach Geography in High Schools. ERIC Digest.
• Teaching Geography at School and Home. ERIC Digest.
• The National Geography Content Standards. ERIC Digest.