Program to rotate square matrix by 90 degrees counterclockwise in Python

Suppose we have a square matrix, we have to rotate it 90 degrees counter-clockwise.

then the output will be

To solve this, we will follow these steps −

• if matrix is empty, then

  • return a blank list

• n := row count of matrix

• for each row in matrix, do

  • reverse the row

• for i in range 0 to n−1, do

  • for j in range 0 to i−1, do

    • swap matrix[i, j] and matrix[j, i]

• return matrix

Let us see the following implementation to get better understanding −

Example

class Solution:
   def solve(self, matrix):
      if not matrix or not matrix[0]:
         return []
      n = len(matrix)
      for row in matrix:
         row.reverse()
      for i in range(n):
         for j in range(i):
            matrix[i][j], matrix[j][i] = matrix[j][i],
            matrix[i][j]
      return matrix
ob = Solution()
matrix = [
[1, 4, 7],
[2, 5, 8],
[3, 6, 9]
]
print(ob.solve(matrix))

Input

[
[1, 4, 7],
[2, 5, 8],
[3, 6, 9] ]

Output

[
[7, 8, 9],
[4, 5, 6],
[1, 2, 3]]