An array is a group of related items that store with a common name.
Syntax
The syntax for declaring an array is as follows −
datatype array_name [size];
Types of arrays
Arrays are broadly classified into three types. They are as follows −
- One – dimensional arrays
- Two – dimensional arrays
- Multi – dimensional arrays
Initialization
An array can be initialized in two ways. They are mentioned below −
- Compile time initialization.
- Runtime initialization.
Multi-dimensional array
- ‘C’ allows arrays of 3 (or) more dimensions.
- The exact limit is determined by compiler.
Syntax
The syntax is as follows −
datatype arrayname [size1] [size2] ----- [sizen];
For example,
- For 3 – dimensional array −
- int a[3] [3] [3];
No. of elements = 3*3*3 = 27 elements
Program
Following is the C program for multi-dimensional array −
#include<stdio.h>
main ( ){
int a[2][2] [2] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};
int i,j,k;
printf ("elements of the array are");
for ( i=0; i<2; i++){
for (j=0;j<2; j++){
for (k=0;k<2; k++){
printf("%d", a[i] [j] [k]);
}
}
}
}Output
The output is stated below −
Elements of the array are : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Consider another program for Multi-Dimensional Array in C programming language, as given below −
Example
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int tab, row, col;
int students[3][3][2] = { { {1, 2}, {4, 5}},{ {2, 4}, {3, 5} },{ {7,8},{9,3}}};
for (tab = 0; tab < 3; tab++){
for (row = 0; row < 3; row++){
for (col =0; col < 2; col++){
printf("students[%d][%d][%d]= %d\n", tab, row, col,
students[tab][row][col]);
}
}
}
return 0;
}Output
The output is stated below −
students[0][0][0]= 1 students[0][0][1]= 2 students[0][1][0]= 4 students[0][1][1]= 5 students[0][2][0]= 0 students[0][2][1]= 0 students[1][0][0]= 2 students[1][0][1]= 4 students[1][1][0]= 3 students[1][1][1]= 5 students[1][2][0]= 0 students[1][2][1]= 0 students[2][0][0]= 7 students[2][0][1]= 8 students[2][1][0]= 9 students[2][1][1]= 3 students[2][2][0]= 0 students[2][2][1]= 0