The array is a group of related items that is stored with a common name.
Declaring array
The syntax used for declaring an array is as follows −
datatype array_name [size];
Initialization
An array can be initialized in two ways, which are as follows −
- Compile time initialization
- Runtime initialization
An array can also be initialized at the time of declaration as follows −
int a[5] = {100,200,300,400,500};Function
A function is a self-contained block that carries out a specific well-defined task. The two ways of passing the arrays as arguments to functions are as follows −
- Sending an entire array as argument to function.
- Sending the individual elements as an argument to function.
Now, let us understand how to send the individual elements as an argument to function.
Sending individual elements as argument to function.
If individual elements are to be passed as arguments, then array elements along with their subscripts must be given in function call.
To receive the elements, simple variables are used in function definition.
Example 1
Refer the program given below −
#include<stdio.h>
main ( ){
void display (int, int);
int a[5], i;
printf ("enter 5 elements");
for (i=0; i<5; i++)
scanf("%d", &a[i]);
display (a [0], a[4]); //Sending individual array element using array name
}
void display (int a, int b){ //receiving individual array element
printf ("first element = %d",a);
printf ("last element = %d",b);
}Output
When the above program is compiled together and executed, it produces the following result −
Enter 5 elements 10 20 30 40 50 First element = 10 Last element = 50
Example 2
Refer the program given below −
#include<stdio.h>
main ( ){
void display (int,int,int);
int a[6], i;
printf ("enter 5 elements");
for (i=0; i<6; i++)
scanf("%d", &a[i]);
display (a[0],a[2],a[5]); // Sending individual array element using array name
}
void display (int a, int b,int c){//receiving individual array element
printf ("first element = %d\n",a);
printf ("middle element = %d\n",b);
printf("last element = %d",c);
}Output
When the above program is compiled together and executed, it produces the following result −
enter 5 elements 10 20 30 40 50 60 first element = 10 middle element = 30 last element = 60