An array of characters is called a string.
Declaration
Following is the declaration declaring an array is as follows −
char stringname [size];
For example: char string[50]; string of length 50 characters
Initialization
- Using single character constant −
char string[10] = { ‘H’, ‘e’, ‘l’, ‘l’, ‘o’ ,‘\0’}
- Using string constants −
char string[10] = "Hello":;
Accessing − There is a control string "%s" used for accessing the string till it encounters ‘\0’.
Finding maximum occurrence
The logic to find the maximum occurrence of character is −
- First, find frequency of characters, by using the following program.
while(string[i] != '\0'){ value = (int)string[i]; frequency[value] += 1; i++; }
- Based on this, we are finding maximum occurrence character.
maximum = 0; for(i=0; i<CHARS; i++){ if(frequency[i] > frequency[maximum]) maximum = i; }
Example
Given below is the C program to find max occurring character in a string −
#include <stdio.h> #define SIZE 100 // Maximum string size #define CHARS 255 // Maximum characters allowed int main(){ char string[SIZE]; int frequency[CHARS]; int i = 0, maximum; int value; printf("Enter the string:\n "); gets(string); for(i=0; i<CHARS; i++){ frequency[i] = 0; // initialize freq of all characters to zero } /* Finds frequency of each characters */ i=0; while(string[i] != '\0'){ value = (int)string[i]; frequency[value] += 1; i++; } /* Finds maximum frequency */ maximum = 0; for(i=0; i<CHARS; i++){ if(frequency[i] > frequency[maximum]) maximum = i; } printf("Maximum occurrence character is '%c' = %d times.", maximum, frequency[maximum]); return 0; }
Output
When the above program is executed, it produces the following result −
Enter the string: tutorials point Maximum occurrence character is 't' = 3 times.