In C programming language, the most common use of structure is an array of structures.
To declare an array of structures, first the structure must be defined and then, an array variable of that type has to be defined.
For example,
struct book b[10];//10 elements in an array of structures of type ‘book’
Example
Following is the C program for the array of structures −
struct marks{
int sub1;
int sub2;
int sub3;
int total;
};
main(){
int i;
struct marks student[3] = {{20,17,11,10},
{175,23,169,10},
{27,56,27,01}};
struct marks total;
for(i = 0; i <= 2; i++){
student[i].total = student[i].sub1 +
student[i].sub2 +
student[i].sub3;
total.sub1 = total.sub1 + student[i].sub1;
total.sub2 = total.sub2 + student[i].sub2;
total.sub3 = total.sub3 + student[i].sub3;
total.total = total.total + student[i].total;
}
printf(" STUDENT TOTAL\n\n");
for(i = 0; i <= 2; i++)
printf("Student[%d] %d\n", i+1,student[i].total);
printf("\n SUBJECT TOTAL\n\n");
printf("%s %d\n%s %d\n%s %d\n",
"Subject 1 ", total.sub1,
"Subject 2 ", total.sub2,
"Subject 3 ", total.sub3);
printf("\nGrand Total = %d\n", total.total);
}Output
When the above program is executed, it produces the following output −
STUDENT TOTAL Student[1] 48 Student[2] 367 Student[3] 110 SUBJECT TOTAL Subject 1 4200462 Subject 2 96 Subject 3 223 Grand Total = 525
Example
Following is the C program for an array within structure −
main(){
struct marks{
int sub[3];
int total;
};
struct marks student[3] =
{145,50,11,10,175,50,19,10,20,30,25,10};
struct marks total;
int i,j;
for(i = 0; i <= 2; i++){
for(j = 0; j <= 2; j++){
student[i].total += student[i].sub[j];
total.sub[j] += student[i].sub[j];
}
total.total += student[i].total;
}
printf("STUDENT TOTAL\n\n");
for(i = 0; i <= 2; i++)
printf("Student[%d] %d\n", i+1, student[i].total);
printf("\nSUBJECT TOTAL\n\n");
for(j = 0; j <= 2; j++)
printf("Subject-%d %d\n", j+1, total.sub[j]);
printf("\nGrand Total = %d\n", total.total);
}Output
When the above program is executed, it produces the following output −
STUDENT TOTAL Student[1] 216 Student[2] 254 Student[3] 85 SUBJECT TOTAL Subject-1 4200548 Subject-2 130 Subject-3 71 Grand Total = 555