Find the Transpose of a Matrix in Swift

In this article, we will learn how to write a swift program to find the transpose of a matrix. Transpose of a matrix is calculated by interchange the rows of a matrix into columns or columns of a matrix into rows. For example, we have the following matrix:

$$\mathrm{X\:=\:\begin{bmatrix} 13, & 59, & 32, & 67 \newline 23, & 56, &89, & 3 \newline 98, & 3, & 32, & 43 \newline 6, & 90, & 43, &23 \end{bmatrix}}$$

So the transpose of matrix X is ?

$$\mathrm{X^{T}\:=\:\begin{bmatrix} 13, & 23, & 98, & 6 \newline 59, & 56, & 3, & 90 \newline 32, & 89, & 32, & 43 \newline 67, & 3, & 43, &23 \end{bmatrix}}$$

So to find the transpose of a matrix in Swift we shape the elements of rows to columns of the matrix with the help of a temporary variable.

Algorithm

• Step 1 ? Define the size of the matrix.

• Step 2 ? Create a function that takes an array as an argument

• Step 3 ? Run nested for loop.

• Step 4 ? Inside nested for loop swap the rows with columns using the temp variable to find transpose.

let temp = C[x][y]
C[x][y] = C[y][x]
C[y][x] = temp

• Step 5 ? Create a 3x3 matrix using an array.

• Step 6 ? Pass the original matrix to the function as an argument

• Step 7 ? Display output.

Example

In the following example, we find the transpose of a matrix.

import Foundation
import Glibc

// Size of the matrix
var N : Int = 3

// Function to find the transpose of a matrix
func transpose(A:[[Int]]) {
   var C:[[Int]] = A
    
   // finding transpose of a matrix by 
   // swapping C[x][y] with C[y][x]
   for x in 0..<N {
      for y in (x+1)..<N {
         let temp = C[x][y]
         C[x][y] = C[y][x]
         C[y][x] = temp
      }
   }
    
   // Printing transpose of the matrix
   print("Transpose of Matrix A")
   for i in 0..<N {
      for j in 0..<N {
         print(C[i][j], terminator:" ")
      }
      print("\n")
   }
}

// Original matrix
var X : [[Int]] = [[2,3,4], [4,5,6],[6,7,8]]
print("Original Matrix A")
for i in 0..<N {
   for j in 0..<N{
      print(X[i][j], terminator:" ")
   }
   print("\n")
}

// Calling function
transpose(A:X)

Output

Original Matrix A
2 3 4 

4 5 6 

6 7 8 

Transpose of Matrix A
2 4 6 

3 5 7 

4 6 8 

Here in the above code, a 3x3 matrix using a 2-D array. Now we create a function to find the transpose of the matrix. In this function, we swap the rows elements of the matrix to columns with the help of the temp variable to get the transpose of the given matrix.

Conclusion

So by swapping the rows with columns or columns with rows of a matrix we can find the transpose of the given matrix.