Use TensorFlow Estimator to Compile a Model in Python

Tensorflow can be used with the estimator to compile the model with the help of the ‘train’ method.

Read More: What is TensorFlow and how Keras work with TensorFlow to create Neural Networks?

We will use the Keras Sequential API, which is helpful in building a sequential model that is used to work with a plain stack of layers, where every layer has exactly one input tensor and one output tensor.

A neural network that contains at least one layer is known as a convolutional layer. We can use the Convolutional Neural Network to build learning model. 

TensorFlow Text contains collection of text related classes and ops that can be used with TensorFlow 2.0. The TensorFlow Text can be used to preprocess sequence modelling.

We are using the Google Colaboratory to run the below code. Google Colab or Colaboratory helps run Python code over the browser and requires zero configuration and free access to GPUs (Graphical Processing Units). Colaboratory has been built on top of Jupyter Notebook.

An Estimator is TensorFlow's high-level representation of a complete model. It is designed for easy scaling and asynchronous training.

The model is trained using iris data set. There are 4 features, and one label.

• sepal length
• sepal width
• petal length
• petal width

Example

print("The model is being trained")
classifier.train(input_fn=lambda: input_fn(train, train_y, training=True), steps=5000)

Code credit −https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials/estimator/premade#first_things_first

Output

WARNING:tensorflow:From /tmpfs/src/tf_docs_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/training/training_util.py:236: Variable.initialized_value (from tensorflow.python.ops.variables) is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.
Instructions for updating:
Use Variable.read_value. Variables in 2.X are initialized automatically both in eager and graph (inside tf.defun) contexts.
INFO:tensorflow:Calling model_fn.
WARNING:tensorflow:Layer dnn is casting an input tensor from dtype float64 to the layer's dtype of float32, which is new behavior in TensorFlow 2. The layer has dtype float32 because its dtype defaults to floatx.
If you intended to run this layer in float32, you can safely ignore this warning. If in doubt, this warning is likely only an issue if you are porting a TensorFlow 1.X model to TensorFlow 2.
To change all layers to have dtype float64 by default, call `tf.keras.backend.set_floatx('float64')`. To change just this layer, pass dtype='float64' to the layer constructor. If you are the author of this layer, you can disable autocasting by passing autocast=False to the base Layer constructor.
WARNING:tensorflow:From /tmpfs/src/tf_docs_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/keras/optimizer_v2/adagrad.py:83: calling Constant.__init__ (from tensorflow.python.ops.init_ops) with dtype is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.
Instructions for updating:
Call initializer instance with the dtype argument instead of passing it to the constructor
INFO:tensorflow:Done calling model_fn.
INFO:tensorflow:Create CheckpointSaverHook.
INFO:tensorflow:Graph was finalized.
INFO:tensorflow:Running local_init_op.
INFO:tensorflow:Done running local_init_op.
INFO:tensorflow:Calling checkpoint listeners before saving checkpoint 0...
INFO:tensorflow:Saving checkpoints for 0 into /tmp/tmpbhg2uvbr/model.ckpt.
INFO:tensorflow:Calling checkpoint listeners after saving checkpoint 0...
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 1.1140382, step = 0
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 312.415
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.8781501, step = 100 (0.321 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 375.535
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.80712265, step = 200 (0.266 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 372.712
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.7615077, step = 300 (0.268 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 368.782
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.733555, step = 400 (0.271 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 372.689
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.6983943, step = 500 (0.268 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 370.308
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.67940104, step = 600 (0.270 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 373.374
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.65386146, step = 700 (0.268 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 368.335
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.63730353, step = 800 (0.272 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 371.575
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.61313766, step = 900 (0.269 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 371.975
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.6123625, step = 1000 (0.269 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 369.615
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.5957534, step = 1100 (0.270 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 374.054
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.57203, step = 1200 (0.267 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 369.713
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.56556034, step = 1300 (0.270 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 366.202
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.547443, step = 1400 (0.273 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 361.407
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.53326523, step = 1500 (0.277 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 367.461
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.51837724, step = 1600 (0.272 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 364.181
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.5281174, step = 1700 (0.275 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 368.139
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.5139683, step = 1800 (0.271 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 366.277
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.51073176, step = 1900 (0.273 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 366.634
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.4949246, step = 2000 (0.273 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 364.732
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.49381495, step = 2100 (0.274 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 365.006
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.48916715, step = 2200 (0.274 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 366.902
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.48790723, step = 2300 (0.273 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 362.232
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.47671652, step = 2400 (0.276 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 368.592
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.47324088, step = 2500 (0.271 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 371.611
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.46822113, step = 2600 (0.269 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 362.345
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.4621966, step = 2700 (0.276 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 362.788
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.47817266, step = 2800 (0.275 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 368.473
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.45853442, step = 2900 (0.271 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 360.944
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.44062576, step = 3000 (0.277 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 370.982
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.4331399, step = 3100 (0.269 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 366.248
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.45120597, step = 3200 (0.273 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 371.703
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.4403404, step = 3300 (0.269 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 362.176
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.42405623, step = 3400 (0.276 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 363.283
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.41672814, step = 3500 (0.275 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 363.529
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.42626005, step = 3600 (0.275 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 367.348
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.4089098, step = 3700 (0.272 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 363.067
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.41276374, step = 3800 (0.275 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 364.771
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.4112524, step = 3900 (0.274 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 363.167
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.39261794, step = 4000 (0.275 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 362.082
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.41160905, step = 4100 (0.276 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 364.979
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.39620766, step = 4200 (0.274 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 363.323
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.39696264, step = 4300 (0.275 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 361.25
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.38196522, step = 4400 (0.277 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 365.666
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.38667366, step = 4500 (0.274 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 361.202
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.38149032, step = 4600 (0.277 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 365.038
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.37832782, step = 4700 (0.274 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 366.375
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.3726803, step = 4800 (0.273 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:global_step/sec: 366.474
INFO:tensorflow:loss = 0.37167495, step = 4900 (0.273 sec)
INFO:tensorflow:Calling checkpoint listeners before saving checkpoint 5000...
INFO:tensorflow:Saving checkpoints for 5000 into /tmp/tmpbhg2uvbr/model.ckpt.
INFO:tensorflow:Calling checkpoint listeners after saving checkpoint 5000...
INFO:tensorflow:Loss for final step: 0.36297452.
<tensorflow_estimator.python.estimator.canned.dnn.DNNClassifierV2 at 0x7fc9983ed470>

Explanation

• Once an Estimator object is created, the below methods can be called −
• The model is trained.
• The trained model is evaluated.
• This model is used to make predictions.
• The model is trained again.
• It is done by calling the Estimator's train method.