Scleral buckling, pneumatic retinopexy and pars plana vitrectomy are effective at reducing
tractional forces and are often combined with cryopexy or laser photocoagulation to create a fluid barrier and seal the retina (see Figure 4).
In advanced cases of proliferative DR, with vitreous hemorrhage,
tractional retinal detachment, and extensive fibrous membranes, pars plana vitrectomy should be performed [33].
To the Editor.--We read with pleasure Dr Leslie's thoughtful article describing a potential role for peripheral
tractional lung injury in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
Proliferative: presence of neovasculari-zation of retina, iris or angle, pre-retinal or vitreous haemorrhage, and or
tractional retinal detachment.
During the second and third trimesters, pregnant women may have difficulty performing
tractional tasks they previously completed independently.
Diabetic patients were included if they had PDR-related complications, including persistent vitreous hemorrhage of more than 1-month duration in a patient with no history of panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage in a patient with a history of complete PRP, vitreous hemorrhage with retinal detachment by B-scan ultrasonography, or macula-involving or macula-threatening
tractional retinal detachment (TRD).
Tractional retinal detachment in addition to the symptoms of stage V was determined as stage VI.
Patients with delayed treatment suffer rapidly progressive retinal necrosis; exudative, rhegmatogenous, or
tractional detachment may occur, with possible outcomes as severe as phthisis bulbi.
In our study, interstitial septal thickening was most consistent radiological finding seen in 72.6% cases; other findings were reticulation (65.7%), ground glass opacity (61.6%),
tractional bronchiectasis (60.2%), honeycombing (54.8%) mediastinal lymph node (37.0%) and air trapping (26.6%) cases.
Vitreous haemorrhage (VH),
tractional retinal detachment (TRD), combined retinal detachment, macular edema, macular detachment and macular ischemia are the commonest complications of PDR9.
While uncomplicated PVD occurs in the majority of cases, the incidence of retinal complications in symptomatic PVD has been reported to be as high as 24% (24) and include retinal tears,
tractional retinal detachments, macular holes and epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation.