The document discusses the Raspberry Pi, a small single-board computer developed in the UK for education purposes. Key details include its Broadcom SoC, 512MB of memory, HDMI and USB ports, and ability to run operating systems like Raspbian. The Raspberry Pi is useful for tasks like media centers, networking, programming, and running Minecraft. It also supports Java programming through tools like Pi4J, which provides examples of using the Raspberry Pi's GPIO pins to control devices.