PHP mysql Er diagram
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An entity-relationship diagram (ERD) is a graphical representation that depicts the entities and relationships within an information system. An ERD shows a database's entities and the relationships between entities in a symbolic, visual way. It documents a project, clarifies features, and provides a basis for development options. Key components of an ERD include entities, relationships, attributes, and cardinality. The steps to create an ERD are to identify entities, determine interactions, analyze the nature of interactions, and draw the diagram. A good ERD model is simple, non-redundant, and flexible to adapt to future needs.
PHP mysql Er diagram
- 3. An entity-relationship diagram isAn entity-relationship diagram is aa data modelingdata modeling technique thattechnique that creates a graphical representation ofcreates a graphical representation of the entities, and the relationshipsthe entities, and the relationships between entities, within anbetween entities, within an information system.information system. ER-DiagramER-Diagram
- 5. An E-R Diagram shows a database’sAn E-R Diagram shows a database’s entities and the relationships amongentities and the relationships among the entities in a symbolic, visual way.the entities in a symbolic, visual way. Documents a project or application andDocuments a project or application and serves as its foundationserves as its foundation Clarify the system/application’s featuresClarify the system/application’s features Provide a basis for evaluatingProvide a basis for evaluating development optionsdevelopment options Purpose of ERDs
- 6. Entity:Entity: A class of persons, places, objects, events, orA class of persons, places, objects, events, or concepts about which we need to capture and storeconcepts about which we need to capture and store data.data. Named by a singular noun.Named by a singular noun. PersonsPersons: agency, contractor, customer,: agency, contractor, customer, department, division, employee,department, division, employee, instructor, student, supplier.instructor, student, supplier. PlacesPlaces: sales region, building, room,: sales region, building, room, branch office, campus.branch office, campus. ObjectsObjects: book, machine, part, product, raw material, software license,: book, machine, part, product, raw material, software license, software package, tool, vehicle model, vehicle.software package, tool, vehicle model, vehicle. EventsEvents: application, award, cancellation, class, flight, invoice, order,: application, award, cancellation, class, flight, invoice, order, registration, renewal, requisition, reservation, sale, trip.registration, renewal, requisition, reservation, sale, trip. ConceptsConcepts: account, block of time, bond, course, fund, qualification, stock.: account, block of time, bond, course, fund, qualification, stock. Components of ERD
- 7. Relationship:Relationship: natural business association that exists between one ornatural business association that exists between one or more entities.more entities. The relationship may represent an event that links theThe relationship may represent an event that links the entities or merely a logical affinity that exists between theentities or merely a logical affinity that exists between the entities.entities. Components of ERD Contd:
- 8. CardinalityCardinality The minimum and maximum number of occurrences of oneThe minimum and maximum number of occurrences of one entity that may be related to a single occurrence of the otherentity that may be related to a single occurrence of the other entity.entity. Because all relationships are bidirectional, cardinality mustBecause all relationships are bidirectional, cardinality must be defined in both directions for every relationship.be defined in both directions for every relationship. Components of ERD Bidirectional
- 9. AttributeAttribute:: A descriptive property orA descriptive property or characteristic of an entity.characteristic of an entity. Synonyms includeSynonyms include elementelement,, propertyproperty, and, and fieldfield.. Just as a physical studentJust as a physical student can have attributes, such ascan have attributes, such as hair color, height, etc., datahair color, height, etc., data entity has data attributesentity has data attributes Compound attribute:Compound attribute: An attribute that consists ofAn attribute that consists of other attributes. Synonyms inother attributes. Synonyms in different data modelingdifferent data modeling languages are numerous:languages are numerous: concatenated attribute,concatenated attribute, composite attribute, and datacomposite attribute, and data structure.structure. Components of ERD
- 11. Degree: The number of entities that participate in the relationship.The number of entities that participate in the relationship. Components of ERD
- 12. Associative entityAssociative entity:: An entity thatAn entity that inherits primary keyinherits primary key from more than onefrom more than one other entity (calledother entity (called parents).parents). Components of ERD
- 13. Foreign key:Foreign key: A primary key of an entity that is used in another entity toA primary key of an entity that is used in another entity to identify instances of a relationship.identify instances of a relationship. A foreign key is a primary key of one entity that isA foreign key is a primary key of one entity that is contributed to (duplicated in) another entity to identifycontributed to (duplicated in) another entity to identify instances of a relationship.instances of a relationship. A foreign key always matches the primary key in the anotherA foreign key always matches the primary key in the another entityentity A foreign key may or may not be unique (generally not)A foreign key may or may not be unique (generally not) The entity with the foreign key is called the child.The entity with the foreign key is called the child. The entity with the matching primary key is called theThe entity with the matching primary key is called the parent.parent. Components of ERD
- 14. Parent entity A data entity that contributes one or more attributes to another entity, called the child. In a one-to-many relationship the parent is the entity on the "one" side. Child entity A data entity that derives one or more attributes from another entity, called the parent. In a one-to-many relationship the child is the entity on the "many" side. Components of ERD
- 15. The steps involved in creating an ERD are: Identify the entities. Determine all significant interactions. Analyze the nature of the interactions. Draw the ERD. ERD Steps
- 16. A good data model is simple.A good data model is simple. Data attributes that describe any given entityData attributes that describe any given entity should describe only that entity.should describe only that entity. Each attribute of an entity instance can haveEach attribute of an entity instance can have only one value.only one value. A good data model is essentially non-redundant.A good data model is essentially non-redundant. Each data attribute, other than foreign keys,Each data attribute, other than foreign keys, describes at most one entity.describes at most one entity. Look for the same attribute recorded moreLook for the same attribute recorded more than once under different names.than once under different names. A good data model should be flexible andA good data model should be flexible and adaptable to future needs.adaptable to future needs. What is a Good Data Model?