Oracle Database performance tuning using oratop

Oracle Database Performance Tuning
Using oratop
Sandesh Rao
VP AIOps for the Autonomous
@sandeshr
https://www.linkedin.com/in/raosandesh/
https://www.slideshare.net/SandeshRao4
Tips and tricks

A text-based interface like “top”, which can
be run against Real Application Cluster (RAC)
or non-RAC databases
It provides the ability to monitor the
database in near real time
What is oratop
23/07/2022
Copyright © 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates

23/07/2022
Visual layout
(1) Database
(2) Instance activity
(3) AWR like
“Top 5 Timed Events”
(4) Process or SQL

$ export ORACLE_HOME=<path>
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
$ export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/suptools/oratop:$PATH
Command line mode
oratop: Release 16.5.1
The oratop program provides a dynamic near real-time view of an open database
It also provides a limited on-line interactive interface.
Usage:
oratop [ [Options] [Logon] ]
Logon: {username[@connect_identifier] | / } [AS SYSDBA]
Password is prompted and the connect_identifier is TNS/ EZconnect
Options:
-b: batch mode. Used with –n iteration (default is console)
-n: maximum number of iterations (requires a value)
-o: Write console output to a file (in batch mode)
-i: interval delay (requires a value, default: 5)
-r: real-time (RT) wait events. (section 3, default: Cumulative)
-m: Session/Process MODULE/ACTION (default: USERNAME/PROGRAM)
-s: SQL mode. (section 4, default: session/process mode)
-f: detailed format, 132 columns. (default: standard, 80 columns)
-v: oratop release version number
-h: this help
$ ./oratop –h

$ oratop / as sysdba
Login
Connection method is like sqlplus
Connecting “ / as sysdba“ is allowed only for bequeath connections
The remote database requires setting the parameter “REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE” paired with
the availability of an Oracle password file.

$ export TWO_TASK= rmtdbhost:1521/db1.domain.com
oratop sys@rmtdbhost:1521/db1.domain.com as sysdba
Login
TNS:
export TNS_ADMIN and connect with a TNS alias name as defined in tnsnames.ora
TWO_TASK can be set with any of the above for ease of use, example
EZConnect, example:
oratop: Release 16.5.1 Production on Fri Feb 11 05:54:50 UTC 2022
Copyright (c) 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter password:
$ ./oratop sys as sysdba

Symbols:
(B)tyle, (K)illo, (M)ega, (G)iga, (T)err, [PEXY]
(u)micro, (m)illi, (s)econd, minu(t)e, (h)our, (d)ay, (y)ear
[60s/ 15s] – metric interval size, else current.
Interactive Mode
Options can be seen after starting the utility followed by pressing the keyboard key ‘h’
oratop: Release 16.5.1
Abbreviations Help Menu:
Section 1 – DATABASE .. [1]
Section 2 – INSTANCE .. [2]
Section 3 – DB WAIT EVENTS .. [3]
Section 4 – SESSION/PROCESS .. [4]
Quit Help .. (q|Q)
Enter selection number:
Interactive Keys: [default]
f : toggle between [standard] & detailed format
r : toggle between [Cumulative ©] & Real-Time (RT) (section 3)
s : switch to SQL mode (section 4)
p : switch to [session/process] mode (section 4)
m : Toggle session [USERNAME/PROGRAM] & MODULE/ACTION (sections 4)
t : tablespace information (N/A on standby)
x : SQL plan table (requires a value)
I : refresh interval, requires value in seconds [5]
q : quit/ exit program
Esc : pause.

Wait Events (section 3)
Keyboard key press ‘r’ will toggle the wait event section between Cumulative and Realtime. For C,
the stats shown is the accumulation since the last database restart
Miscellaneous
Header’s %DCP
Column “%DCP” (in section 2) is the database instance cpu usage as %CPU of the host
Header’s “archivelog” and “er” (incidents) These two values are static, they are acquired once upon start of
monitoring only. They are not auto refreshed because the first incur expensive recursive query and the second
adds to diagnosability database waits
Values appearing in RED color
Values flagged and highlighted in red color are merely an emphasis of warning
Tablespaces listing
A list of all the tablespaces (cdb and pdb) can be obtained online with keyboard key press ‘t’

Detailed format (long)
Miscellaneous
Note. in RAC environment, while section 2 (instance section) is restricted to the top 5 instances in the text-based
user interface, all of the available instances will be listed in the batch mode.

Cycle 1 - oratop: Release 16.5.1 Production on Thu Feb 10 19:42:49 UTC 2022
Oracle 23c - 19:41:56 Pri r/w cdbs up: 13h, 12 sn, 4G sga, 10%fra, 15%db
ID %CPU LOAD AAS ASC ASI ASW ISW IORT MBPS %FRE PGA UCPS SQRT %DBC %DBW
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 51 3 1 0 0 6 6 17m 2 8 834M 42 1m 4 11
EVENT (C) T/O WAIT TIME AVG %DBT WAIT_CLASS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL*Net more data from client 31k 1d 3s 93 Network
SQL*Net message from dblink 505k 39t 5m 2 Network
DB CPU 39t 2
oracle thread bootstrap 9k 27t 186m 2 Other
db file sequential read 35k 4t 6m 0 User I/O
ID SID SPID USR PROG S OPN SQLID/BLOCKER E/T %CPU PGA ACT EVENT/OB W/T
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 792 517 TPC tpcc D PL/ 582r1jmmm3tgj 3s 3 4M INA SQL*Net 3s
1 802 439 TPC tpcc D PL/ 582r1jmmm3tgj 184m 3 4M INA SQL*Net 184m
1 418 413 TPC tpcc D PL/ 582r1jmmm3tgj 185m 1 4M INA SQL*Net 185m
Batch mode is applicable at the command line with the relevant input options.
Batch Mode
Cycle 2 - oratop: Release 16.5.1 Production on Thu Feb 10 19:42:54 UTC 2022
Oracle 23c - 19:41:56 Pri r/w cdbs up: 13h, 12 sn, 4G sga, 10%fra, 15%db
ID %CPU LOAD AAS ASC ASI ASW ISW IORT MBPS %FRE PGA UCPS SQRT %DBC %DBW
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 51 3 1 0 0 6 6 17m 2 8 834M 42 1m 4 11
EVENT (C) T/O WAIT TIME AVG %DBT WAIT_CLASS
oratop: Release 16.5.1 Production on Thu Feb 10 19:42:40 UTC 2022
Copyright (c) 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter password:
Connecting
$ ./oratop / sysdba -bn1

SQL (key press ‘x’)
SQL Plan

23/07/2022
Standby or mounted database instance
• STANDBY - key press “t” for “TABLESPACE INFORMATION” will not return any rows. Reason: BUG 27841703
• MOUNTED Instance – Section 2 will show inst_id highlighted in red color. Reason: Required statistics is not
available until instance is opened.
Miscellaneous
Unprivileged user
A typical error encountered by a non-privileged user upon connection to the database using the tool is “ORA-
00942: table or view does not exist”
To allow the non-privileged user to use oratop, the system administrator with a DBA role may issue the
following grant: “GRANT SELECT ANY DICTIONARY TO ;”
Exiting
To quit the program gracefully, user may press keyboard keys: "q" or "Q", or Esc key. A Ctrl+c to abort forcibly. In
all cases, proper database logout is performed

23/07/2022
Monitor a local database:
Monitoring a remote database:
or
Monitoring a database every 10 seconds
$ ./oratop -i 10 / as sysdba
$ ./oratop -i 10 username/password@tns_alias
$ ./oratop -i 10 system/manager@tns_alias

23/07/2022
Running from AHF

23/07/2022
tfactl menu

23/07/2022

23/07/2022
f : toggle between [standard] & detailed format

23/07/2022
s : switch to SQL mode (section 4)

23/07/2022
p : switch to [session/process] mode (section 4)

23/07/2022
m : Toggle session [USERNAME/PROGRAM] & MODULE/ACTION (sections 4)

23/07/2022
t : tablespace information (N/A on standby)

23/07/2022
x : SQL plan table (requires a value)

23/07/2022
I : refresh interval, requires value in seconds [5]

23/07/2022
(h) Help menu

Oracle Database performance tuning using oratop

Oracle Database performance tuning using oratop

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