MATLAB programming tips 2 - Input and Output Commands
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This document provides an overview of several Matlab commands for input/output: 1) The input command prompts the user to enter a value and stores it in a variable. The sscanf command reads data as a string and converts it to other formats. 2) The disp command displays variable values or text without variable names. The fprintf command formats and displays data on screen or writes it to a file with control over formatting. 3) The fprintf command uses formatting operators like %d, %f, and %s to control the display of different data types when combined with conversion characters.
MATLAB programming tips 2 - Input and Output Commands
- 1. 11 Matlab Programming Tips Part 2– Input / Output Commands (Review) by Shameer Koya
- 2. input Command input - Prompt for user input. Input is the simple basic command to request the user input. Displays a prompt text for the user to understand what data to be entered and waits for the user to input a value and press the Return key. i = input('Enter the current value:') str = input(‘text’,'s') returns the entered text as a MATLAB string, without evaluating expressions. 2
- 3. sscanf Command Read data as string and convert to the other formats based on the definition. X = sscanf(str, format, size) Reads data from the vector str, converts it according to the format, and store the results in array X. Argument ‘size’ is optional. 3
- 4. disp Command disp - (display) command displays variable values or text on screen Displays each time on new line. Doesn't print variable name disp(variable_name) or disp('text string') 4
- 5. fprintf Command fprintf - Means file print formatted 'fprintf' is used to formats data and displays the results on the screen and to write the data in to a text file. Can write to screen or to a file Can mix numbers and text in output Have full control of output display Basic Syntax is fprintf('Text to display') 5
- 6. >> fprintf( 'How are you' ) How are you>> Problem – Command Window displays prompt (>>) at end of text, not at start of next line! To make the prompt to appear on the start of a new line, n at the end of the fprintf text >> fprintf( Electrical Engineeringn' ) Electrical Engineering >> Use n in middle of text to make MATLAB display remainder of text on next line >> fprintf(' Electrical nEngineering') Electrical Engineering 6 fprintf …
- 7. To format the display data, the formatting operators are used. A formatting operator starts with a percentage sign, %, and ends with a conversion character. Common conversion specifiers: %f fixed point (decimal always between 1's and 0.1's place, e.g., 3.14, 56.8 %e scientific notation, e.g, 2.99e+008 %d integers (no decimal point shown) %s string of characters >> fprintf( 'Joe is %d weighs %f kilos', age, weight ) >> fprintf( 'Joe weighs %f kilos', n1 ) 7 fprintf to format the output
- 8. fprintf to format the output … Examples >> age = 35; >> weight = 75.25; >> fprintf( 'Joe is %d weighs %f kilosn', age, weight ) Joe is 35 weighs 75.250000 kilos >> fprintf( 'Joe weighs %4.4f kilosn', weight ) Joe weighs 75.2500 kilos >> fprintf( 'Joe weighs %4.2f kilosn', weight ) Joe weighs 75.25 kilos 8
- 9. fprintf to format the output… To display a percent sign, use %% in the text To display a single quote, use ' ' in the text (two sequential single quotes) To display a backslash, use in the text (two sequential backslashes) 9