Java Swing JFC

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GUI -JFC Swing

GUI Basic Unit
Basic unit of Graphical
User Interface (GUI) is
a Window.
A window is called
Frame in AWT or
Swing.
Frame is the top
container of all Visual
Graphical Controls.
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Graphical User Interface Components
MENU
Status Bar
User ID
Password
SubmitSubmit
Frame
Panel
Label
Text
Field
Button

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Desktop Application
Frame
Panel
Status
Bar

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GUI – Dialog Window
MENU
Status Bar
User ID
Password
SubmitSubmitAre you sure you want to exit?
Yes No

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Swing Components
Top Level Container
o JFrame
o JDialog
o JApplet

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Other Components (Widgets)
JPanel
JLabel
JButton
JTextField
JPassword
JTextArea
JCheckbox
JRadioButton

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Components Hierarchy
Object
Component
Container
JComponent
JMenuBar JPopupMenu JAbstractButton JSeparater

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Package
javax.swing
java.awt

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Create A Window
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 JFrame frame = new JFrame(“My First Window");
 JPanel pan = (JPanel)frame.getContentPane();
 JButton b = new JButton("Click Me");
 pan.add(b);
 frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//Close window when click on ‘x’
 frame.pack();
 //frame.setSize(400, 200);
 frame.setVisible(true);
 }

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Create a Window by Extending JFrame
 public class Loginform extends JFrame{
 public Loginform(){
o super(“Login Form");
o JPanel pan = (JPanel)getContentPane();
o Jlabel lab1 = new Jlabel(“User ID”);
o pan.add(lab1);
o JtextField fl1 = new JTextField();
o pan.add(fl1);
o JButton button = new JButton(“Go");
o pan.add(button);
o setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
 }

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Create an object of extended JFrame
public static void main(String[] args) {
o Loginform frame = new Loginform ();
o frame.pack();
o frame.setVisible(true);
}
}

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Layout Management
Arrange widgets display order
java.awt.FlowLayout
java.awt.BorderLayout (Default)
java.awt.GridLayout
java.awt.GridBagLayout
javax.swing.BoxLayout
GridLayout layout = new GridLayout(2,2);
frame.setLayout(layout);

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Flow Layout – java.awt.FlowLayout
Button1Button1 Button2Button2 Button3Button3 Button4Button4 Button5Button5
Button6Button6 Button7Button7

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Border Layout – java.awt.BorderLayout
WestButtonWestButton Center ButtonCenter Button
NorthButtonNorthButton
EastButtonEastButton
SouthButtonSouthButton

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Grid Layout – java.awt.GridLayout
Button1Button1 Button2Button2 Button3Button3

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GridBag Layout – java.awt.GridBagLayout
Button4Button4
Button9Button9

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Messenger
Rohit to Dinesh>Hi
Dinesh to Rohit>Hi, Can you tell me about
JDBC.
Rohit to Dinesh>Why?
Dinesh to Rohit>I was absent yesterday.
Nakul to Dinesh>Don’t worry I am here to
help you.
Sheetal to Nakul>I would also like to
learn.
Rohit
Dinesh
Nakul
Ajhar
Pradeep
Saveeta
Nidhi
Sheetal
Enter Message Here SendSend
Rohit
LogoutLogout

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Messenger
Rohit to Dinesh > Hi
Dinesh to Rohit > Hi, Can tell me about
JDBC
Rohit to Dinesh > Why
Dinesh to Rohit > I was absent
Nakul to Dinesh > Don’t worry I am here to
Help you
Sheetal to Nakul > I also would like to
Learn.
Rohit
Dinesh
Nakul
Ajhar
Pradeep
Saveeta
Nidhi
Sheetal
Enter Message Here SendSend
Rohit
LogoutLogout

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Flow Layout
 JFrame frame = new JFrame(“Flow L Window");
 FlowLayout layout = new FlowLayout();
 //FlowLayout layout = new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT);
 //FlowLayout layout = new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT);
 frame.setLayout(layout);
 JButton b1 = new JButton("Button1"); pan.add(b1);
 JTextField text = new JTextField("Enter Text"); pan.add(text);
 JCheckBox cb = new JCheckBox("Select Here"); pan.add(cb);
 frame.setSize(400, 200);

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BorderLayout
 JFrame frame = new JFrame("MyFirstWindow");
 frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
 JButton b1 = new JButton("North"); pan.add(b1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
 JButton b2 = new JButton("South"); pan.add(b2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
 JButton b3 = new JButton("Right"); pan.add(b3, BorderLayout.EAST);
 JButton b4 = new JButton("West"); pan.add(b4, BorderLayout.WEST);
 JButton b5 = new JButton("Center"); pan.add(b5);
 frame.pack();
 }

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GridLayout
 JFrame frame = new JFrame("Meri First Window");
 pan.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
 }

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BoxLayout
 JFrame frame = new JFrame("My Box Layout Window");
 JPanel pan = (JPanel) frame.getContentPane();
 BoxLayout layout = new BoxLayout(pan, BoxLayout.X_AXIS);
 // BoxLayout layout =new BoxLayout(pan, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS);
 pan.setLayout(layout);
 JTextField text = new JTextField("Enter Text"); pan.add(text);
 frame.pack();

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Absolute Position
 pan.setLayout(null);
 JButton b1 = new JButton("Button1");
 b1.setSize(100,30);
 b1.setLocation(10,10);
 pan.add(b1);
 JButton b2 = new JButton("Button2");
 b2.setSize(100,30);
 b2.setLocation(10,50);
 pan.add(b2);
 }

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Event Listeners
Some Events and Their Associated Event Listeners
Act that Results in the Event Listener Type
User clicks a button, presses Enter key while typing
in a text field, or chooses a menu item
ActionListener
User closes a frame (main window) WindowListener
User presses a mouse button while the cursor is
over a component
MouseListener
User moves the mouse over a component MouseMotionListener
Component becomes visible ComponentListener
Component gets the keyboard focus FocusListener
Table or list selection changes ListSelectionListener
Any property in a component changes such as
the text on a label
PropertyChangeListener

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Event Object Hierarchy
 Java.lang.Object
o Java.util.EventObject
o Java.awt.AWTEvent
• Java.awt.event.ActionEvent
• Java.awt.event.ItemEvent
• Java.awt.event.AdjustmentEvent
• Java.awt.event.TextEvent
• Java.awt.event.ComponentEvent
• Java.awt.event.InputEvent
+ Java.awt.event.KeyEvent
+ Java.awt.event.MouseEvent
• Java.awt.event.FocusEvent
• Java.awt.event.ContainerEvent
• Java.awt.event.WindowEvent

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SimpleButtonHandler
 public class SimpleButtonHandler implements ActionListener {
 public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
o JButton b = (JButton) event.getSource();
o String label = b.getText();
o if (label.equals("Click Me")) {
• b.setText("Don't Click Me");
o } else if (label.equals("Don't Click Me")) {
• b.setText("Click Me");
o } else {
• System.out.println("Button is Clicked");
o }
 }
 }

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Mouse Listner using Adapter
 public class MouseHandler extends MouseAdapter {
o public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent event) {
o System.out.println("Mouse Enetred");
o }
o public void mouseExited(MouseEvent event) {
o System.out.println("Mouse Exit");
o }
 }

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Apply Action Listner
 public class ButtonClickEvent {
 pan.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
 JButton button = new JButton("Click Me");
 SimpleButtonHandler handler = new SimpleButtonHandler();
 button.addActionListener(handler); pan.add(button);
 JButton b = new JButton("Click Me & See Console");
 b.addActionListener(handler); pan.add(b);
 b.addMouseListener(new MouseHandler(););
 frame.pack();
 }
 }

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WindowHandler
 public class WindowHandler implements WindowListener {
 public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) { System.out.println("windowActivated"); }
 public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) { System.out.println("windowClosed"); }
 public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { System.out.println("windowClosing"); }
 public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("windowDeactivated");
 }
 public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e)
{ System.out.println("windowDeiconified"); }
 public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) { System.out.println("windowIconified"); }
 public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) { System.out.println("windowOpened"); } }

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TestWindowListner
 public class TestWindowListner {
 JFrame f = new JFrame("Test Window Events");
 WindowHandler wh = new WindowHandler(); f.addWindowListener(wh);
 JPanel p = (JPanel) f.getContentPane();
 p.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
 JButton b = new JButton("Send"); p.add(b);
 JButton login = new JButton("Login"); p.add(login);
 JTextField t = new JTextField("Enter TExt Here"); p.add(t);
 f.setSize(300, 200);
 f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
 f.setVisible(true);
 }
 }
1. windowActivated
2. windowOpened
3. windowIconified
4. windowDeactivated
5. windowDeiconified
6. windowActivated
7. windowClosing

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Add Listener
widget.addActionListener(al);
widget.addFocusListener(fl);
widget.addWindowListener(wl);
widget.addMouseListener(ml);
widget.addMouseMotionListener(mml);

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 MyWindow.java
 public class MyWindow
extends JFrame {
 …
 }
 ButtonHandler.java
 public class ButtonHandler
implements ActionListener{
 …
 }
 MyWindow.class
 ButtonHandler.class
 MyWindow.java
extends JFrame {
 …
 }
 class ButtonHandler
 …
 }
 MyWindow.class
 ButtonHandler.class
1 Class = 1 File 1 File – n Class
ButtonHandler handler = new ButtonHandler()

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 MyWindow.java
extends JFrame {
 …
 public class ButtonHandler
 …
 }//ButtonHandler
 }//MyWindow
 MyWindow.class
 MyWindow$ButtonHandler
.class
Inner Class Private Inner Class
MyWindow w = new MyWindow();
w.ButtonHandler h = w.new ButtonHandler();
 MyWindow.java
extends JFrame {
 …
 private class ButtonHandler
implements
ActionListener{
 …
 }//ButtonHandler
 }//MyWindow
 MyWindow.class
 MyWindow$ButtonHandler
.class

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 MyWindow.java
 public class MyWindow extends
JFrame {
 …
 public static class
ButtonHandler implements
ActionListener{
 …
 }
 }
 MyWindow.class
 MyWindow$ButtonHandler.cla
ss
Inner class can be
public
protected (Default)
private
static
Mainly used in Event
handling
Static Inner Class
MyWindow.ButtonHandler h = new MyWindow.ButtonHandler();

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Inner Class - TestFocusListner
 public class TestFocusListner {
o private class InnFocusHandler implements FocusListner {
• public void focusGained(FocusEvent e) {
+ JButton b = (JButton) e.getSource();
+ System.out.println("Focus Gained " + b.getText());
• }
• public void focusLost(FocusEvent e) {
+ JButton b = (JButton) e.getSource();
+ System.out.println("Focus lost " + b.getText());}
o }

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Inner Class – TestFocusListner (Cont..)
 JFrame f = new JFrame("Test Focus List Win");
 JPanel p = (JPanel) f.getContentPane();
 p.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
 TestFocusListner tOuterClass = new TestFocusListner();
 InnFocusHandler innFl = tOuterClass.new InnFocusHandler();
 JButton b = new JButton("Send");
 b.addFocusListener(innFl); p.add(b);
 JButton login = new JButton("Login");
 login.addFocusListener(innFl); p.add(login);
 f.setSize(300, 200);
 f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
 f.setVisible(true);
 }

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Event Adapters
Interfaces Adapter
Classes
FocusListener FocusAdapter
MouseListner MouseAdapter
WindowListner WindowAdapter

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Adapter vs Interface
 private static class
MyFocHandler extends
FocusAdapter {
 public void
focusGained(FocusEvent arg0) {
 System.out.println("Got Focus");
 }
 }
 private static class
MyFocHandler implements
FocusListner {
 public void
focusGained(FocusEvent a) {
 System.out.println("Got Focus");
 }
 public void
focusLost(FocusEvent a) {
 }
 }

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Anonymous Classes
JButton b = new JButton(“Click Me");
FocusAdapter fa= new FocusAdapter();
b.addFocusListener(fa);
OR
JButton b = new JButton(“Click Me");
b.addFocusListener(new FocusAdapter());

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Anonymous Classes
 JButton b = new JButton(“Click Me");
 b.addFocusListener(
o new FocusAdapter(){
o public void focusGained(FocusEvent e) {
+ JButton b = (JButton)e.getSource();
+ b.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
• }
o public void focusLost(FocusEvent e) {
• JButton b = (JButton)e.getSource();
• b.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
o }
o }
 );

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Enum
An enum type is a datatype whose fields are fixed
set of constants
The enum declaration defines a class
The enum class body can include methods and
other fields
It has a static values() method that returns an
array containing all of the values
All enums implicitly extend java.lang.Enum.
enum cannot extend any other class.

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public enum <name>
 package com.sunrays.enumpk;
 public enum Day {
 SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY,
FRIDAY, SATURDAY;
 public int getWeekDay() {
o switch (this) {
• case MONDAY:
• return 0;
o }
 }
 }

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TestEnum.java
 Day d;
 d = Day.SATURDAY;
 System.out.println(d.getWeekDay());
 switch (d) {
o case MONDAY:
o System.out.println("Mondays are bad.");
o break;
o case FRIDAY:
o System.out.println("Fridays are better.");
o break;
 }

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ENUM with Constructor
 public enum Human {
 KID(10), MAN(50), OLDMAN(70);
 private final int weight;
 Human(int w) {
 this.weight = w;
 }
 public void display() {
 System.out.println(weight);
 }
 }

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TestHuman
//Human h = new Human()//Incorrect
Human h = Human.KID;
h.display();
}

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TestHuman
Human[] h = Human.values();
For(int i=0;i<h.length;i++){
o S.o.p(h[i]);
}

Disclaimer
This is an educational presentation to enhance the
skill of computer science students.
This presentation is available for free to computer
science students.
Some internet images from different URLs are
used in this presentation to simplify technical
examples and correlate examples with the real
world.
We are grateful to owners of these URLs and
pictures.
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Thank You!
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Java Swing JFC

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