![Every line of code that runs in Java must be inside a class. In our
example, we named the class Main. A class should always start
with an uppercase first letter.
Note: Java is case-sensitive: "MyClass" and "myclass"
has different meaning.
System.out.println()
println() method to print a line of text to the screen:
Java Syntax
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello World");
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/programming-101-240908164504-3861497c/85/Intro-to-programming-and-intro-to-java-netbean-pdf-40-320.jpg)
Intro to programming and intro to java netbean.pdf
- 2. The composition of sequences of instructions What is Programming? The process of preparing an instructional program for device Programming is a technological process that tells a computer which tasks to perform to solve problems.
- 4. Programming is important because it enables us to create software, websites, mobile apps, games, and many other digital products that we use in our daily lives. It allows us to automate tasks, solve complex problems, and create innovative solutions that improve our lives and businesses. In today's digital age, programming skills are in high demand and are essential for success in many industries, from tech to finance to healthcare. By learning to code, we can open up a world of opportunities and take advantage of the many benefits that technology has to offer.
- 5. back to the early 19th century when mathematician Ada Lovelace created an algorithm for Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine, which is considered the first computer. However, the first actual programming language was developed in the 1950s, called FORTRAN (Formula Translation). This language was used for scientific and engineering calculations. History of Programming In the 1960s, programming languages such as COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language), BASIC (Beginners All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code), and ALGOL (Algorithmic Language) were developed. These languages were used to write applications for business and research.
- 6. History of Programming In the 1960s, programming languages such as COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language), BASIC (Beginners All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code), and ALGOL (Algorithmic Language) were developed. These languages were used to write applications for business and research. The 1970s saw the development of languages such as C and Pascal, which were used to write operating systems and applications. In the 1980s, the first object-oriented language, Smalltalk, was created. This language allowed developers to create reusable code and was used for graphical user interfaces.
- 7. The 1990s saw the development of scripting languages such as Perl and Python, which were used for web development. In the early 2000s, languages such as Ruby and PHP became popular for web development. Today, programming languages such as Java, C++, Python, and JavaScript are widely used for various applications. History of Programming
- 8. Programming requires logical thinking and the ability to break down complex problems into smaller, more manageable parts. Programmers use logic to develop algorithms, which are step-by-step procedures for solving problems. These algorithms must be logical and accurate, with each step leading logically to the next. In programming, logical operators and conditional statements are used to control the flow of a program. Logical operators such as AND, OR, and NOT are used to evaluate logical expressions and make decisions based on the results. Conditional statements such as IF, ELSE, and SWITCH are used to execute different parts of a program based on specific conditions.
- 9. Thus, logic is a critical component of programming. Without it, programs would not work correctly or produce the desired results. By developing strong logical thinking skills, programmers can write efficient and effective code that solves complex problems and meets the needs of users.
- 10. Types of Programming Languages
- 11. Programming languages can be broadly classified into three categories: Low-Level Languages: These languages are closer to the machine language and are used to write operating systems, device drivers, and firmware. Examples include Assembly Language, C, and C++. 1. High-Level Languages: These languages are easier to learn and use than low-level languages. They are used to write applications, games, and websites. Examples include Java, Python, Php, and Ruby. 2. Scripting Languages: These languages are used to automate repetitive tasks, such as web development and system administration. Examples include Perl, Python, and Ruby. 3.
- 12. Machine Language: Machine language is the lowest-level programming language that a computer can understand. It is a binary code consisting of 0's and 1's that correspond to machine instructions. Each computer architecture has its specific machine language, which is difficult to read and write. Low Level Programming Language
- 13. Assembly Language: Assembly language is a low-level programming language that is easier to read and write than machine language. Assembly language uses mnemonics to represent machine instructions, making it more human-readable. Assembly language programs are translated into machine language by an assembler. Low Level Programming Language
- 14. C: C is a high-level programming language that can also be considered a low-level language due to its low-level memory access and pointer manipulation capabilities. C provides direct access to hardware, making it an ideal choice for systems programming and embedded systems development. Low Level Programming Language
- 15. FORTRAN: FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation) is a high-level programming language that was designed for scientific and engineering applications. FORTRAN provides low-level control over hardware, allowing for efficient computation and numerical analysis. Low Level Programming Language
- 16. High Level Programming Language Java: Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems (now owned by Oracle Corporation). Java is designed to be platform- independent, meaning that Java code can run on any computer with a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) installed. Java is widely used for developing web applications, mobile apps, and enterprise software.
- 17. High Level Programming Language Python: Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language that emphasizes code readability and simplicity. Python is widely used for scientific computing, data analysis, web development, and artificial intelligence.
- 18. High Level Programming Language C++: C++ is an extension of the C programming language that adds support for object-oriented programming. C++ is widely used for developing high-performance software, including operating systems, games, and scientific simulations.
- 19. High Level Programming Language JavaScript: JavaScript is a high-level, interpreted programming language that is widely used for developing web applications. JavaScript runs in web browsers and provides interactivity and dynamic behavior to web pages.
- 20. High Level Programming Language Ruby: Ruby is a high-level, interpreted programming language that emphasizes simplicity and productivity. Ruby is widely used for web development, automation, and scripting.
- 21. High Level Programming Language Swift: Swift is a high-level, compiled programming language developed by Apple Inc. Swift is designed for developing applications for iOS, macOS, and watchOS. Swift is known for its safety, speed, and expressiveness.
- 22. High Level Programming Language PHP: PHP is a server-side, interpreted programming language that is widely used for developing web applications. PHP is known for its simplicity and ease of use, making it a popular choice for web developers.
- 23. High Level Programming Language SQL: SQL (Structured Query Language) is a domain- specific language used for managing relational databases. SQL is used to create, modify, and query databases, and is widely used in business and data analysis.
- 24. COMPUTER HARDWARE HIGH LEVEL LOW LEVEL OBJECT ORIENTED PROCEDURAL ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE MACHINE LANGUAGE
- 27. computer programming model that organizes software design around data, or objects, rather than functions and logic. An object can be defined as a data field that has unique attributes and behavior.
- 28. Procedural programming is about writing procedures or methods that perform operations on the data, while object-oriented programming is about creating objects that contain both data and methods. Object-oriented programming has several advantages over procedural programming: OOP is faster and easier to execute OOP provides a clear structure for the programs OOP helps to keep the Java code DRY "Don't Repeat Yourself", and makes the code easier to maintain, modify and debug OOP makes it possible to create full reusable applications with less code and shorter development time
- 29. What is the structure of object-oriented programming? Classes are user-defined data types that act as the blueprint for individual objects, attributes and methods.
- 30. What is the structure of object-oriented programming? Objects are instances of a class created with specifically defined data. Objects can correspond to real-world objects or an abstract entity. When class is defined initially, the description is the only object that is defined.
- 31. What is the structure of object-oriented programming? Methods are functions that objects can perform. They are defined inside a class that describe the behaviors of an object. Each method contained in class definitions starts with a reference to an instance object. Additionally, the subroutines contained in an object are called instance methods. Programmers use methods for reusability or keeping functionality encapsulated inside one object at a time.
- 32. What is the structure of object-oriented programming? Attributes represent the state of an object. In other words, they are the characteristics that distinguish classes. Objects have data stored in the attributes field. Class attributes belong to the class itself and are defined in the class template.
- 34. The main principles of OOP The encapsulation principle states that all important information is contained inside an object and only select information is exposed. The implementation and state of each object are privately held inside a defined class. Other objects do not have access to this class or the authority to make changes. They are only able to call a list of public functions or methods. This characteristic of data hiding provides greater program security and avoids unintended data corruption. Encapsuation
- 35. The main principles of OOP Objects only reveal internal mechanisms that are relevant for the use of other objects, hiding any unnecessary implementation code. The derived class can have its functionality extended. This concept can help developers more easily make additional changes or additions over time. Abstraction
- 36. The main principles of OOP Classes can reuse code and properties from other classes. Relationships and subclasses between objects can be assigned, enabling developers to reuse common logic, while still maintaining a unique hierarchy. Inheritance forces more thorough data analysis, reduces development time and ensures a higher level of accuracy. Inheritance
- 37. The main principles of OOP Objects are designed to share behaviors, and they can take on more than one form. The program determines which meaning or usage is necessary for each execution of that object from a parent class, reducing the need to duplicate code. A child class is then created, which extends the functionality of the parent class. Polymorphism enables different types of objects to pass through the same interface Polymorphism
- 39. Download and Install Apache Netbeans IDE netbeans.apache.org/front/main/download/ www.oracle.com/java/technologies/downloads/?er=221886 Java Development Kit
- 40. Every line of code that runs in Java must be inside a class. In our example, we named the class Main. A class should always start with an uppercase first letter. Note: Java is case-sensitive: "MyClass" and "myclass" has different meaning. System.out.println() println() method to print a line of text to the screen: Java Syntax public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Hello World"); } }
- 41. Java Variables String - stores text, such as "Hello". String values are surrounded by double quotes int - stores integers (whole numbers), without decimals, such as 123 or -123 float - stores floating point numbers, with decimals, such as 19.99 or -19.99 char - stores single characters, such as 'a' or 'B'. Char values are surrounded by single quotes boolean - stores values with two states: true or false
- 42. OPERATOR NAME DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE + Addition Adds together two values x + y - Subtraction Subtracts one value from another x - y * Multiplication Multiplies two values x * y / Division Divides one value by another x / y % Modulus Returns the division remainder x % y Arithmetic Operations ARITHMETIC OPERATORS ARE USED TO PERFORM COMMON MATHEMATICAL OPERATIONS.
- 43. Java supports the usual logical conditions from mathematics: Less than: a < b Less than or equal to: a <= b Greater than: a > b Greater than or equal to: a >= b Equal to a == b Not Equal to: a != b Conditional Statements: Use if to specify a block of code to be executed, if a specified condition is true Use else to specify a block of code to be executed, if the same condition is false Use else if to specify a new condition to test, if the first condition is false Use switch to specify many alternative blocks of code to be executed Conditions and If Statements if (condition) { //block of code to be executed if condition is true }
- 44. Write a Java program to divide two numbers and print them on the screen. Test Data : 50/3 Expected Output : 16 Write a Java program to print the results of the following operations. Test Data: a. -5 + 8 * 6 b. (55+9) % 9 c. 20 + -3*5 / 8 d. 5 + 15 / 3 * 2 - 8 % 3 Expected Output : 43 1 19 13 Write a Java program to print the sum of two numbers. Test Data: 74 + 36 Expected Output : 110 Excercises
- 45. Write a Java program that takes two numbers as input and displays the product of two numbers. Test Data: Input first number: 25 Input second number: 5 Expected Output : 25 x 5 = 125 Write a Java program to print the sum (addition), multiply, subtract, divide and remainder of two numbers. Test Data: Input first number: 125 Input second number: 24 Expected Output : 125 + 24 = 149 125 - 24 = 101 125 x 24 = 3000 125 / 24 = 5 125 mod 24 = 5 Excercises
- 46. Write a Java program that compute the average of 3 number Test Data : 80, 81, and 90 Expected Output : The average of 80, 81, and 90 is 83.66 Write a Java program to print the results of Fahrenheit convert to celsius Test Data: 120 Expected Output : 48.88 use this formula: (°F − 32) × 5/9 = °C Write a Java program to print the area of rectangle Test Data: Lenght = 40 and Width = 70 Expected Output : The area of L:40 and W:70 is 2800 Excercises