DWX23 - Revolutionize Java DB AppDev with Reactive Streams and Virtual Threads
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The document discusses how to revolutionize Java database application development with reactive streams and virtual threads. It covers using Oracle JDBC and R2DBC drivers to access Oracle Database asynchronously and reactively. Demos are provided comparing traditional threading to virtual threads and showing reactive streams ingestion and Oracle R2DBC with Project Reactor. The presentation also promotes Oracle's free developer tools and cloud accounts.
DWX23 - Revolutionize Java DB AppDev with Reactive Streams and Virtual Threads
- 1. Revolutionize Java Database App Development with Reactive Streams and Virtual Threads Developer Week ’23 Juarez Barbosa Junior @juarezjunior Sr. Principal Java Developer Evangelist ORACLE Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates
- 2. About me • Juarez Barbosa Junior - @juarezjunior • Senior Principal Java Developer Evangelist • 27 years of experience in IT • SW Engineering & Developer Relations • Microsoft, Oracle, IBM, Nokia, Unisys, Accenture, and a few startups • Microsoft Azure Developer Relations Lead • IBM Watson Tech Evangelist & Cloud Rockstar • IBM Mobile Tech Evangelist & Global Thought Leader • Nokia Developers Global Champion • Lead Software/DevOps Architect • Expertise • Java, Cloud, DevOps, Cloud-native, Blockchain Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates
- 3. Agenda • Java App Dev with Oracle Database • Support for the Latest Java Versions • Overview of Oracle DB Access with Java • Oracle JDBC – Sync and Async • Classic Java Platform Threads • Project Loom – Virtual Threads • Virtual Threads - JEPs 425, 436, 444 • Demo # 1: Virtual vs Platform Threads • Reactive JDBC - Synchronous vs Asynchronous JDBC • Reactive Streams Ingestion (RSI) • Demo # 2: Reactive Streams Ingestion (RSI) • From Sync to Reactive JDBC: Oracle R2DBC • Demo # 3: Oracle R2DBC with Project Reactor • Live Labs/Free Oracle Cloud Account/Oracle ACE Program Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates
- 4. Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates Java App Dev with Oracle Database
- 5. Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates Support for the Latest Java Versions • Java 11 - native support, compiled with it • Java 17 - certified • JDBC Standards - 4.2 and 4.3 • GraalVM - native image instrumentation • Reactive Streams - Java Flow API support • Project Loom - Virtual Threads support • Data access is critical in mission-critical apps
- 6. Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates Overview of Oracle DB Access with Java User Java Code JDBC Reactive Extension Standard JDBC API R2DBC + 3rd party Reactive Streams Libraries Async call with non-blocking backpressure operators (map, reduce, filters), concurrency modeling, monitoring, tracing Implements Java SE reactive stream interface (Flow) Full Reactive Streams Sync/blocking JDBC calls Java Business Logic User Java code Oracle Database Oracle JDBC driver VTs/lightweight JDBC calls
- 7. Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates Oracle JDBC – Async and Sync ⚫ Project Loom/Virtual Threads − Synchronous database access with lightweight threads − Standard JDBC + Virtual Threads − Client application call stack may use conventional (synchronous) code − Libraries must be compatible with Virtual Threads − Oracle instrumented the Oracle JDBC 21c driver to support Virtual Threads ⚫ Reactive Programming − Asynchronous database access with non-blocking network I/O − Oracle Reactive Streams Ingestion + Oracle R2DBC + Oracle JDBC Reactive Extensions − Application call stack must be fully asynchronous − Libraries are available: Reactor, RxJava, Akka, Vert.x
- 8. Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates Classic Java Platform Threads ⚫ Database access with blocking threads ⚫ A JDBC call blocks a thread for 100’s of milliseconds (thread-per-request style) ⚫ Thread count increases linearly with the number of JDBC calls ⚫ Performance degrades as the number of threads increases ⚫ 1 MB of stack memory per thread ⚫ Scheduling many platform threads is expensive ⚫ Preemptive scheduling vs time-slicing
- 9. Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates Virtual Threads - JEPs 425, 436, 444 ⚫ Virtual Threads – JEPs (JDK Enhancement Proposals) ⚫ Lightweight threads that dramatically reduce the effort of writing, maintaining, and observing high-throughput concurrent applications ⚫ Enable applications written in the simple thread-per-request style to scale with near- optimal hardware utilization ⚫ Enable easy troubleshooting, debugging, and profiling of virtual threads with existing JDK tools ⚫ Do not remove the traditional implementation of threads ⚫ Do not alter the basic concurrency model of Java ⚫ Enable existing code that uses Java threads (java.lang.Thread, etc) to adopt virtual threads with minimal change
- 10. Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates Virtual Threads - JEPs 425, 436, 444 ⚫ java.lang.Thread ⚫ final Boolean - isVirtual() ⚫ static Thread.Builder.OfVirtual - ofVirtual() ⚫ static Thread.Builder.OfPlatform - ofPlatform() ⚫ static Thread - startVirtualThread(Runnable task) ⚫ java.util.concurrent.Executors ⚫ static ExecutorService - newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor()
- 11. Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates Demo # 1: Virtual vs Platform Threads ⚫ Virtual Threads versus Platform Threads ⚫ JEP 425 Virtual Threads (Preview) ⚫ JEP 436 (Second Preview) ⚫ JEP 444 (Target -> JDK 21) ⚫ Runs on Java 19, 20, 21 ⚫ javac --release 19 --enable-preview ⚫ java --enable-preview ⚫ Oracle JDBC Driver 21c instrumented to support Virtual Threads ⚫ Verifiable comparison of OS/HW resources consumption (Platform Threads x Virtual Threads)
- 12. Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates Reactive JDBC - Sync vs Async JDBC Setup Blocking Handle Result Setup Non-Blocking Handle Result Synchronous JDBC Setup Blocking Handle Result Setup Non-Blocking Handle Result Setup Non-Blocking Handle Result Reactive JDBC Database Setup Blocking Handle Result Database
- 13. Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates Reactive Streams Ingestion (RSI) ⚫ Java Library for Reactive Streams Ingestion ⚫ Streaming capability: Ingest data in an unblocking, and reactive way from a large group of clients ⚫ Group records through RAC (Real App Clusters), and Shard affinity using native UCP (Universal Connection Pool) ⚫ Optimize CPU allocation while decoupling record Processing from I/O ⚫ Fastest insert method for the Oracle Database through Direct Path Insert, bypassing SQL and writing directly into the DB files
- 14. Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates Demo # 2: Reactive Streams Ingestion (RSI) Container Pipelines, Jenkins, etc. Build Test Push Push Docker images to Registry Cloud Infrastructur e Registry Container Engine for Kubernetes Pull images from Registry Deploy images to production Kubernetes worker nodes Containers running microservices deployed over Kubernetes ORACLE CLOUD INFRASTRUCTURE ATP, ADW, ATP-D, AFDW-D Memoptimized Rowstore RSI Runtime: Non- blocking, optimized library for streaming data through Direct Path, Shard & RAC/FAN support. HTTP / REST Engine over Helidon Define build for CI/CD toolchain gRPC / AMQP / MQTT Engines Microservices Files / Logs IoT Devices / Apps cv MQTT gRPC AMQP HTTP / REST JDBC Direct Path INSERT Record Streaming over multiple protocols.
- 15. Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates From Sync to Reactive JDBC: Oracle R2DBC static String queryJdbc(java.sql.Connection connection) throws SQLException { try (java.sql.Statement statement = connection.createStatement()) { ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS"); if (resultSet.next()) return resultSet.getString(1); else throw new NoSuchElementException("Query returned zero rows"); } } static Publisher<String> queryR2dbc(io.r2dbc.spi.Connection connection) { return Flux.from(connection.createStatement( "SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS") .execute()) .flatMap(result -> result.map(row -> row.get(0, String.class))) .switchIfEmpty(Flux.error( new NoSuchElementException("Query returned zero rows"))); }
- 16. Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates Demo # 3: Oracle R2DBC ⚫ Oracle Reactive Relational Database Connectivity (R2DBC) ⚫ Oracle R2DBC Driver is a Java library that supports reactive Programming with Oracle Database ⚫ It implements the R2DBC Service Provider Interface (SPI) as specified by the Reactive Relational Database Connectivity (R2DBC) ⚫ The R2DBC SPI exposes Reactive Streams as an abstraction for Remote database operations ⚫ The sample code uses Project Reactor. It could use RxJava, Akka, or any RS library ⚫ Runs on Java 11+
- 17. Virtual Threads or Reactive? • Oracle JDBC supports both! • Want Virtual Threads? • Oracle JDBC has been “Virtual Thread Compatible” since 21.1.0.0 • Want Reactive? • Oracle R2DBC 1.0.0 is available now • Consume Flow interfaces directly from Oracle JDBC’s Reactive Extensions Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates
- 18. Virtual Threads or Reactive? • Benefits of Virtual Threads: • Easier to read and write • Easier to debug • Integration with JDK tools • Do not alter the basic concurrency model of Java • Limitations of Virtual Threads: • Some libraries are not compatible • Still not in GA –> JDK 21 • JEP 425: Virtual Threads (Preview) • JEP 436: Virtual Threads (Second Preview) • JEP 444: Virtual Threads Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates Benefits of Reactive: • Reactive Libraries (Reactor, RxJava, Akka, Vert.x) • Stream-like API with a functional style • Low-level concurrency is handled for you (locks, atomics, queues). Limitations of Reactive: • Steep learning curve • Harder to read and write • Harder to debug
- 19. Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates References • Project Loom / Virtual Threads • Loom - https://openjdk.org/projects/loom/ • JEP 444 Virtual Threads (Targeted) - https://openjdk.org/jeps/444 • Introduction to Oracle JDBC 21c Driver Support for Virtual Threads - https://bit.ly/3UlNJWP • Reactive Streams Ingestion Library • Getting Started with the Java library for Reactive Streams Ingestion (RSI) - https://bit.ly/3rEiRnC • High-throughput stream processing with the Java Library for Reactive Streams Ingestion (RSI), Virtual Threads, and the Oracle ATP Database - https://bit.ly/3rATCTd • RSI - https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/ • R2DBC • Oracle R2DBC Driver – https://github.com/oracle/oracle-r2dbc • Develop Java applications with Oracle Database • JDBC – https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/appdev/jdbc.html
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- 24. About me • Juarez Barbosa Junior - @juarezjunior • Senior Principal Java Developer Evangelist • 27 years of experience in IT • SW Engineering & Developer Relations • Microsoft, Oracle, IBM, Nokia, Unisys, Accenture, and a few startups • Microsoft Azure Developer Relations Lead • IBM Watson Tech Evangelist & Cloud Rockstar • IBM Mobile Tech Evangelist & Global Thought Leader • Nokia Developers Global Champion • Lead Software/DevOps Architect • Expertise • Java, Cloud, DevOps, Cloud-native, Blockchain Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates
- 25. Thank you! 25 Copyright © 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates | Confidential: Internal