DevOps introduction

DevOps
DevOps is a software engineering culture and practice
that aims at unifying software development (Dev) and
software operation (Ops).
DevOps 01 Introduction
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps
DevOps aims at shorter development
cycles, increased deployment
frequency, and more dependable
releases, in close alignment with
business objectives.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps
The main characteristic of the DevOps movement is to
strongly advocate automation and monitoring all the
steps of software construction.
From integration, testing, releasing to deployment and
infrastructure management.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps
Questions
1. What aims DevOps?
2. What is the main characteristic of the DevOps movement?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps
Questions & Answers
1. What aims DevOps?
• Unifying software development and software operation
• Shorter development cycles
• Increased deployment frequency
• More dependable releases
2. What is the main characteristic of the DevOps movement?
• Advocate automation and monitoring all the steps of software construction
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The use of DevOps
DevOps is not only for supporting IT, it can also be used to support the business strategy and
to improve business processes.
The intention of DevOps can be to establish the software and IT services supply chain to
support the business and to manage the whole process to maturity.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The use of DevOps
The DevOps framework should support business
outcomes directly, not only collaboration with
development and operation for IT services.
The use of DevOps should be evaluated by business
outcome, not by an IT project scope and IT outcome.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process
The use of DevOps
DevOps is not a single tools, methodology, skill set or
organization structure.
DevOps is a framework combining all of these for
organizations to establish stream-lined processes to
enable the business to operate faster and react to
changes more quickly.
DevOps can also enable maturity by using the Plan-Do-
Check-Act cycle.
DevOps 01 Introduction M.M. Heegstra

The use of DevOps
Questions
1. What can DevOps be used for?
2. What is an intention of DevOps?
3. What should the DevOps framework support?
4. By what should the DevOps use be evaluated?
5. What is DevOps?
5. By using which cycle can DevOps enable maturity?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The use of DevOps
Questions & Answers
1. What can DevOps be used for?
• Supporting IT
• Supporting business strategy
• Improve business processes
2. What is an intention of DevOps?
• To establish software and IT services supply chain to support the business
• To manage the whole process to maturity
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The use of DevOps
Questions & Answers
3. What should the DevOps framework support?
• Business outcomes
• Collaboration between development and operation
4. By what should the DevOps use be evaluated?
• By business outcome
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The use of DevOps
Questions & Answers
5. What is DevOps?
• A framework combining tools, methodology, skill sets and organization structures
6. By using which cycle can DevOps enable maturity?
• The Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Culture
DevOps initiatives can create cultural change in
companies by transforming the way Operation,
Developers and Testers collaborate during the
development and delivery processes.
Getting these groups to work cohesively is a critical
challenge in DevOps adoption.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Culture
DevOps principles demand strong interdepartmental
communication.
Team building and other employee engagement
activities are often used to create an environment that
fosters this communication and cultural change.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Culture
Questions
1. What can be created by DevOps initiatives?
2. What is a critical challenge in DevOps adoption?
3. What can be done to create interdepartmental communication?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Culture
Questions & Answers
1. What can be created by DevOps initiatives?
• Cultural change
2. What is a critical challenge in DevOps adoption?
• Getting Operation, Developers and Testers to work cohesively
3. What can be done to create interdepartmental communication?
• Team building and other employee engagement
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Goals
The goals of DevOps span the entire delivery pipeline.
They include:
1. Improved deployment frequency
2. Faster time to market
3. Lower failure rate of new releases
4. Shortened lead time between fixes
5. Faster mean time to recovery
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Goals
Simple processes become increasingly programmable
and dynamic, using a DevOps approach.
DevOps aims to maximize the predictability, efficiency,
security, and maintainability of operational processes.
Very often, automation supports this objective.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process
Goals
DevOps integration targets product delivery, continuous
testing, quality testing, feature development, and
maintenance releases in order to improve reliability
and security and provide faster development and
deployment cycles.
Many of the ideas (and people) involved in DevOps
came from the enterprise systems management and
agile software development movements.

Goals
Questions
1. What is the span of the goals of DevOps?
2. What are five goals of DevOps?
3. What is an outcome of using a DevOps approach?
4. What aims DevOps to maximize?
5. What targets DevOps integration?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Goals
Questions & Answers
1. What is the span of the goals of DevOps?
• The entire delivery pipeline
2. What are five goals of DevOps?
• Improved deployment frequency
• Faster time to market
• Lower failure rate of new releases
• Shortened lead time between fixes
• Faster mean time to recovery
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Goals
Questions & Answers
3. What is an outcome of using a DevOps approach?
• Simple processes become increasingly programmable and dynamic
4. What aims DevOps to maximize?
• Predictability
• Efficiency
• Security
• Maintainability of operational processes
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Goals
Questions & Answers
5. What targets DevOps integration?
• Product delivery
• Continuous testing
• Quality testing
• Feature development
• Maintenance releases
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Benefits
Benefits when using DevOps are:
1. Significantly shorter time to market
2. Improved customer satisfaction
3. Better product quality
4. More reliable releases
5. Improved productivity and efficiency
6. Increased ability to build the right product by fast
experimentation
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Benefits
Questions
1. What are the benefits when using DevOps?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Benefits
Questions & Answers
1. What are the benefits when using DevOps?
• Significantly shorter time to market
• Improved customer satisfaction
• Better product quality
• More reliable releases
• Improved productivity and efficiency
• Increased ability to build the right product by fast experimentation
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps WorkFlow
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Toolchain stages
The stages in a DevOps toolchain are:
1. Plan
2. Code
3. Build
4. Test
5. Release
6. Deploy
7. Operate
8. Monitor
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Toolchain stages
Questions
1. What are the stages in a DevOps toolchain?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Toolchain stages
Questions & Answers
1. What are the stages in a DevOps toolchain?
1. Plan
2. Code
3. Build
4. Test
5. Release
6. Deploy
7. Operate
8. Monitor
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Tools categories
As DevOps is intended to be a cross-
functional mode of working, rather
than a single DevOps tool there are sets
of multiple tools, the toolchains.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Tools categories
The DevOps tools fit into the categories:
1. Code | Code development and review, source code
management tools, code merging
2. Build | Continuous integration tools, build status
3. Test | Continuous testing tools that provide feedback on
business risks
4. Package | Artefact repository, application pre-deployment
staging
5. Release | Change management, release approvals, release
automation
6. Configure | Infrastructure configuration and management,
infrastructure as Code tools
7. Monitor | Applications performance monitoring, end-user
experience
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Tools categories
Questions
1. What are the categories for DevOps tools?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Tools categories
Questions & Answers
1. What are the categories for DevOps tools?
1. Code
2. Build
3. Test
4. Package
5. Release
6. Configure
7. Monitor
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The enterprise system
The enterprise holds both the System of Engagement
(SoE) and the System of Record (SoR).
The SoE is focused on speed and the SoR is focused on
business continuity.
The problem is how the SoR can adapt quickly to
changes to the SoE to maintain business continuity.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The SoR in most enterprises is struggling with the use
of legacy applications/systems and can be helped
through the use of DevOps building stream-lined
processes with just-in-time (JIT) concepts.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process
Enterprise DevOps is not only an enhancement of
Agile development and continuous delivery but
also IT service management and application
management to enable growth of the business and
to maintain business continuity.

Questions
1. Where stands SoE for?
2. Where stands SoR for?
3. What is the focus of SoE?
4. What is the focus of SoR?
5. What is the problem of SoE and SoR?
6. What is the struggling of SoR?
7. Where stand JIT for?
8. What are the enhancements of DevOps?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. Where stands SoE for?
• System of Engagement
2. Where stands SoR for?
• System of Record
3. What is the focus of SoE?
• Speed
4. What is the focus of SoR?
• Business continuity
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
5. What is the problem of SoE and SoR?
• How the SoR can adapt quickly to changes to the SoE to maintain business continuity
6. What is the struggle of SoR in most enterprises?
• The use of legacy applications
7. Where stands JIT for?
• Just In Time
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
8. What are the enhancements of DevOps?
• Agile development
• Continuous delivery
• The growth of IT service management and Application management
• To maintain business continuity
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Just In Time
JIT is an inventory management method whereby
materials, goods, and labour are scheduled to arrive or
be replenished exactly when needed in the production
process.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Just In Time
The goal of DevOps is to establish stream-lined just-in-
time (JIT) business processes. DevOps aims to
maximize business outcomes, such as increasing sales
and profitability, enhancing business speed, or
minimizing operating cost, by aligning just-in-time
business processes.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Just In Time
Questions
1. What is JIT?
2. What is the outcome of establish a streamlined JIT business processes?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Just In Time
Questions & Answers
1. What is JIT?
• An inventory management method
• Materials, goods and labour are scheduled exactly when needed
2. What is the outcome of establish a streamlined JIT business processes?
• Increasing sales and profitability
• Enhancing business speed
• Minimizing operating cost
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process
Supply Chain
DevOps means establishing the IT service supply chain
in the business in the same way as the supply chain for
other products is embedded within the business.
It is a big paradigm shift from software delivery to
providing IT services.

Supply Chain
Questions
1. What is a big paradigm shift?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Supply Chain
Questions & Answers
1. What is a big paradigm shift?
• Establishing the IT service supply chain in the same way as the supply chain for other
products are embedded within the business
• Software delivery to providing IT services
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process
Architecture
From an architecture perspective, DevOps needs to
establish an automated quick deployment system.
There are many methodologies and tools which can be
utilized.
Each organization has to think and build up their own
DevOps process to improve the business.

Architecture
Questions
1. What does DevOps needs to establish?
2. How can DevOps do that?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Architecture
Questions & Answers
1. What does DevOps needs to establish?
• An automated quick deployment system
2. How can DevOps do that?
• With methodologies and tools
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Understanding the concepts
When implementing DevOps, there are many sources of
knowledge, methodologies, practices, and tools to
choose from.
Understanding the concepts of DevOps is important for
the staff to carry out the processes efficiently by
following the right processes.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Architecture
Questions
1. Which sources can be used when implementing DevOps?
2. Why is understanding the concepts of DevOps important?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Architecture
Questions & Answers
1. Which sources can be used when implementing DevOps?
• Knowledge
• Methodologies
• Practices
• Tools
2. Why is understanding the concepts of DevOps important?
• The staff can carry out the processes more efficiently when following the right
processes
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The pillars and foundation
DevOps consists of 3 pillars and a foundation
1. Disciplined Agile
2. Continuous Delivery
3. IT Service Management
4. TPS (lean) concept as foundation
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Architecture
Questions
1. Of which pillars consists DevOps?
2. Of which foundation consists DevOps?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Architecture
Questions & Answers
1. Of which pillars consists DevOps?
• Discipline Agile
• Continuous Delivery
• IT Service Management
2. Of which foundation consists DevOps?
• TPS (lean) concept as foundation
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The pillars and foundation | Disciplined Agile
A disciplined Agile development team is a key to the success of a DevOps implementation.
Disciplined Agile means:
1. Stabilized Velocity
2. Adaptability for change
3. Always release high quality bug free code
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

A more frequent and faster release cycle of IT services
to react to business changes depends on the speed of
development.
The quality of work is the most important item and this
can be supported by splitting work into small tasks.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The concept of JKK (Ji-Koutei-Kanketsu) helps keep a
high quality of work.
JKK means 100% completion of an item.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The Definition of Done or completion must be defined
clearly for everybody.
The product owner may change the mission from not
only managing product backlogs but also by planning
the operating cost of IT service.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What is a key to success of a DevOps implementation?
2. What does Disciplined Agile means?
3. Frequent and faster release cycle to react to business changes depends on?
4. What is the most important item?
5. And how it be supported?
6. What means JKK?
7. What has to be defined clearly for everybody?
8. What may the product owner change?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What is a key to success of a DevOps implementation?
• A disciplined Agile development team
2. What does Disciplined Agile means?
• Stabilized Velocity
• Adaptability for change
• Always release high quality bug free code
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
3. Frequent and faster release cycle to react to business changes depends on?
• The speed of development
4. What is the most important item?
• The quality of work
5. And how can it be supported?
• By splitting work into small tasks
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
6. What means JKK?
• 100% completion of an item
7. What has to be defined clearly for everybody?
• The Definition of Done
8. What may the product owner change?
• Managing product backlogs
• Planning operation cost of IT service
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The pillars and foundation | Continuous Delivery
Continuous delivery is the automated implementation
of the application build, deploy, test and release
processes.
A key focus is on testing such as acceptance testing and
performance testing.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Every organization will have differences in the
implementation of their deployment pipeline
depending on their value stream for releasing software.
A key success factor is to establish only a single
deployment pipeline for IT services.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What is Continuous Delivery?
2. What is the key focus?
3. The differences in implementation of deployment pipelines is depended on?
4. What is the key success factor?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What is Continuous Delivery?
• The automated implementation of application build, deploy, test and release
processes
2. What is the key focus?
• Testing, acceptance and performance
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
3. The differences in implementation of deployment pipelines is depended on?
• The value stream for releasing software
4. What is a key success factor?
• Establishing a single deployment pipeline for IT services
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The pillars and foundation | IT service management
As technology is a core component of most business
processes, continuous or high availability of IT services
is critical to the survival of the business as a whole.
This is achieved by introducing risk reduction measures
and recovery options.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Like all elements of IT service management,
successful implementation of the service continuity
process can only be achieved with senior
management commitment and the support of all
members of the organization.
Ongoing maintenance of the recovery capability is
essential if it is to remain effective.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Service continuity is an essential part of the warranty
(fitness for purpose) of a service.
If service continuity cannot be maintained and/or
restored in accordance with the requirements of the
business, then the business will not experience the
value that has been promised.
Without continuity the utility (fitness for purpose) of
the service cannot be accessed.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Traditional IT service management (ITSM) best practice
such as ITIL looks heavyweight and not suited for the
quick processes of DevOps.
It is necessary to think about how to reduce
management workload.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

It is necessary to realign ITSM for DevOps, creating
light-weight ITSM which is strictly focuses on business
continuity with a set of minimum required information
MRI.
The MRI set for each organization depends on their
business
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What is critical to the survival of the business as a whole?
2. How is this achieved?
3. How can successful implementation of service continuity process be achieved?
4. How can it be remain effective?
5. What is an essential part of the warranty of a service?
6. What will happen if service continuity cannot be maintained and/or restored?
7. What cannot be accessed without continuity?
8. Warranty and utility is also called?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What is critical to the survival of the business as a whole?
• Continuous or high availability of IT services
2. How is this achieved?
• By introducing risk reduction measures and recovery options
3. How can successful implementation of service continuity process be achieved?
• With senior management commitment and support of the whole organization
4. How can it be remain effective?
• With ongoing maintenance of the recovery capability.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
5. What is an essential part of the warranty of a service?
• Service continuity
6. What will happen if service continuity cannot be maintained and/or restored?
• The business will not experience the promised value
7. What cannot be accessed without continuity?
• The utility of service
8. Warranty and utility is also called?
• Fitness for purpose
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The pillars and foundation | TPS concept as foundation
Building a stream-lined supply chain of IT services is
difficult because there are many items and it is
necessary to change your mind-set from the familiar
existing development cycle and its methodologies.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The concepts of TPS (Toyota Production
System), which includes JIT and automation, can
help.
JIT means building up a stream-lined supply
chain with one-piece flow.
And automation means automating as much as
possible and stopping the entire process when a
defect occurs.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The process needs to be designed and staff
educated for the above two concepts.
The other key issue is the management cycle of
Development and Operation.
This needs to be changed to work in an Agile way
including synchronization between development
and operation on a weekly or daily basis.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. Why is it difficult to build a stream-lined IT services supply chain?
2. Where stands TPS for?
3. What means JIT?
4. What means automation?
5. What is another key issue?
6. What needs to be changed to work in an Agile way?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. Why is it difficult to build a stream-lined IT services supply chain?
• There are many items
• To need to change the mind-set
2. Where stands TPS for?
• Toyota Production System
3. What means JIT?
• Building up a stream-lined supply chain with one-piece flow
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
4. What means automation?
• Automating as much as possible and stopping the entire process when a defect occurs
5. What is another key issue?
• The management cycle of Development and Operation
6. What needs to be changed to work in an Agile way?
• The synchronization between development and operation on a weekly or daily basis
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles
It is recommended that a DevOps team is set up in the organization in order to
commit to business continuity of the IT service.
The team roles are:
1. Process Master / Scrum Master
2. Service Master / Product Owner
3. DevOps Engineer
4. Gatekeeper/Release coordinator
5. Reliability Engineer (Optional)
6. Development Team
7. Operation Team
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles
Questions
1. What are the roles in a DevOps team?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles
Questions & Answers
1. What are the roles in a DevOps team?
• Process Master / Scrum Master
• Service Master / Product Owner
• DevOps engineer
• Gatekeeper/Release coordinator
• Reliability Engineer
• Development Team
• Operation Team
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles | Process Master/Scrum Master
Leads the team and facilitates.
Implements visual control across the entire process and
has a strong focus on establishing a stream-lined
process with one-piece flow.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles | Process Master/Scrum Master
Visual control means ‘Does everybody easily
understand the situation by just looking at the boards
without explanation?’
It does not show the status.
It can be expressed the problems occurred or not.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles | Service Master/Product Owner
Has all the responsibility for providing IT services JIT.
Managing and prioritizing product backlogs and the
new additional responsibility of cost planning for the IT
service.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What are the tasks of the Process Master/Scrum Master?
2. What does visual control means?
3. What doesn’t visual control show?
4. What is a responsibility of the Process Master?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What are the tasks of the Process Master/Scrum Master?
• Leads the team and facilitates
• Implements visual control across the entire process
• Focus on establishing a stream-lined process with one-piece flow
• Managing and prioritizing product backlogs
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
2. What does visual control means?
• Everybody easily understand the situation by just looking at the boards without
explanation
3. What doesn’t visual control show?
• The status
4. What is a responsibility of the Process Master?
• Providing IT services JIT
• Cost planning for IT services
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles | DevOps Engineer
Has a mission to improve and maintain automated
process.
The engineer will examine the whole automated
process and tools.
There are many tools required in the DevOps process.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What is a mission of a DevOps Engineer?
2. What does he examine?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What is a mission of a DevOps Engineer?
• To improve and maintain automated process
2. What does he examine?
• The whole automated process and tools
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles | Gatekeeper/Release coordinator
Responsible for monitoring the operational status and
progress of the next release of the IT service.
Make go/no go decisions about deployment according
to criteria including security, compliance, regulatory
requirements, maturity of operation team and their
process views.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What is the responsibility of the Gatekeeper?
2. What are decisions criteria for the go/no go?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What is the responsibility of the Gatekeeper?
• Monitoring the operational status and progress of the next release of the IT service
• Make go/no go decisions about deployment
2. What are decisions criteria for the go/no go?
• Security
• Compliance
• Regulatory requirements
• Maturity of operation ream and their process views
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles | Reliability Engineer (Optional)
Monitors the services in the development process and
deal with problems with the service during its
execution.
Monitors the process status to ensure that the
development team are following the rules of CI
(Continuous Integration) and CD (Continuous Delivery)
strictly.
Monitors and manage the flow of complex build
pipeline. Have a mission to improve the test process.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What does the Reliability Engineer monitors?
2. What are tasks of the Reliability Engineer?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What does the Reliability Engineer monitors?
• The services in the development process
• The process status to ensure the rules of Continuous Integration and Continuous
Delivery are followed
• The flow build pipeline
• Deal with service problems during execution
• Manage the flow of complex build pipeline
• Improve test process
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles | Development team
One of the key success factors for DevOps is building up
a disciplined agile team. Disciplined agile teams commit
to meet release plans and quality with sustainable pace.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What is a key success factor for DevOps?
2. What does the development team commit?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What is a key success factor for DevOps?
• A disciplined agile team
• Meet release plans
• Quality with sustainable pace
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles | Operation team
Adopt light-weight ITSM and support the design,
implementation, operation, and improvement of these
services within the context of an overall strategy.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What does the Operation team do?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What does the Operation team do?
• Adopt light-weight ITSM
• Support the design, implementation & operation
• Improvement of these services within the context of an overall strategy
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Organization
It is useful to organize the DevOps team in a Service
Management Office to support the Service Master.
There are two types of the organization structures:
1. Flat organization for small organizations
2. Matrix organization for large and complex
organizations
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Organization | Flat organization
The basic structure for a small team
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Organization | Matrix organization
Pooling experts and assigning them to each service masters as a team
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles | Organization
Questions
1. Which types of organization structures are there?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles | Organization
Questions & Answers
1. Which types of organization structures are there?
• Flat organizations for small organizations
• Matrix organizations for large and complex organizations
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process
To build-up stream-lined processes, JKK is the most
effective method to guide the behavior of the DevOps
team.
JKK is a way of working with quality which means clear
understanding of the goals, understanding the right
way to work, getting the work right for 100%
completion and then maintaining the required quality
without inspections.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process
Process Steps:
1. Business Strategy and Planning
2. Marketing and Sales
3. Administration
4. Project Planning
5. Requirements and Design
6. Development
7. Deployment
8. Operation
9. Maintenance
10. Customer Service
11. End of Life
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Team roles | DevOps Process
Questions
1. What is the most effective method to guide DevOps team behavior?
2. What is the JKK way of working?
3. What are the Process Steps?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What is the most effective method to guide DevOps team behavior?
• JKK for build-up stream-lined processes
2. What is the JKK way of working?
• Clear understanding of the goals
• Understanding the right way to work
• Getting the work right for 100% completion
• Maintaining the required quality without inspections
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
3. What are the Process Steps?
1. Business Strategy and Planning
2. Marketing and Sales
3. Administration
4. Project Planning
5. Requirements and Design
6. Development
7. Deployment
8. Operation
9. Maintenance
10. Customer Service
11. End of Life
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process | Business Strategy and Planning
IT service has a close relationship with the business strategy
and planning.
The service master should attend business planning
sessions and make recommendations about how to gain
business advantages from IT services.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. With what has IT service a close relationship?
2. What are tasks of the Service Master?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. With what has IT service a close relationship?
• With the business strategy and planning
• Attend business planning sessions
• Make recommendations about how to gain business advantages from IT services
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process | Marketing and Sales
The service master should discuss with marketing
how to gain advantages from IT services.
The service master identifies customers of IT
services, gathers requirements with business
value and agrees a time frame.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
• Discuss with marketing how to gain advantages from IT services
• Identify customers of IT services
• Gather requirements with business value
• Agrees a time frame
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process | Administration
The process master agrees how to visualize the whole
process.
One method is to use Obeya which can be set up for the
whole process. Obeya is a war room serves two
purposes, information management and on-the-spot
decision making.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

There are many visual management tools in it
and team members can quickly see where they
are in every aspect of the program.
When the cross-functional team works together,
the Obeya system enables fast and accurate
decision-making, improves communication,
maintains alignment, speeds information
gathering, and creates an important sense of
team integration.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What are tasks of the Process Master?
2. What is Obeya?
3. What is the purposes of Obeya?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What are tasks of the Process Master?
• Agrees how to visualize the whole process
2. What is Obeya?
• A war room
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
3. What is the purposes of Obeya?
• Information management
• On-the-spot, fast and accurate decision making
• Improving communication
• Maintaining alignment
• Speed up the gathering of information
• Creating an important sense of team integration
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process | Project Planning
The service master organizes the service management
office (SMO) and defines ground rules for the team.
The service master creates the vision, goal, and value of
the project, and then puts together the DevOps team
members.
The run-time infrastructure are defined at this stage.
A value stream map of the whole process is designed.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
2. What is defined is this stage?
3. What is designed in this stage?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
• Organize the service management office
• Defines ground rules for the team
• Creates the vision, goal and value of the project
• Puts together the DevOps team members
2. What is defined is this stage?
• The run-time infrastructure
3. What is designed in this stage?
• A value stream map of the whole process
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process | Requirements and Design
The service master defines product backlogs and
priorities.
The DevOps team use the product backlogs to define
stories:
• User story: role, function, business value/reason,
and conditions of operation.
• Test story: acceptance test cases and service
acceptance criteria.
• Operation story: set priorities of IT services and
conditions of operation for business continuity.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The DevOps engineer and operations team define the
transition, test and development infrastructure.
The Development team also creates release and
iteration plans.
Create service level and operational level agreements.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The gatekeeper studies compliance and regulatory
requirements for the IT services.
The reliability engineer defines the testing
methodology and test cases.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
2. Which stories are in the backlog?
3. What are tasks of the Development Team?
4. What are tasks of the Gatekeeper?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
• Define and priority product backlog
2. Which stories are in the backlog?
• User stories
• Test stories
• Operation stories
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
3. What are tasks of the Development Team?
• Define stories
• Define transition, test and development infrastructure
• Create release and iteration plans
• Create service and operational level agreements
• Studies compliance
• Regulatory requirements for IT services
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
• Define testing methodology
• Define test cases
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process | Development
Scrum is the most applicable methodology at this stage.
The development team must commit to release plans
and then work using disciplined agile approach.
The period of each iteration (sprint) is agreed
according to business need.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

From a quality point of view, XP (Extreme
Programming) practices such as pair-
programming, TDD, Refactoring, and 10
minutes build are effective.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. Which methodology is most applicable is this stage?
3. According to what is the period of each iteration agreed?
4. What are XP (Extreme Programming) practices?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. Which methodology is most applicable is this stage?
• Scrum
• Release
3. According to what is the period of each iteration agreed?
• Business need
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
4. What are XP (Extreme Programming) practices?
• Pair programming
• TDD (Test Driven Development)
• Refactoring
• 10 minutes build
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process | Deployment
After completing continuous integration, the automated
process starts for the acceptance test, performance test
and deployment.
The reliability engineer and DevOps engineer
collaborate to improve the testing process.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The DevOps engineer should build the single automated
deployment pipeline as a One-piece flow.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

The gatekeeper monitors progress across the process
and makes the go/no go decision about going live.
The operations team studies how to maintain business
continuity.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
2. What are tasks of the DevOps Engineer?
4. What are tasks of the Operations Team?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
• Improve testing process
2. What are tasks of the DevOps Engineer?
• Improve testing process
• Build the single automated deployment pipeline as a One-piece flow
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
• Monitor progress across the process
• Make go/no go decision about going live
4. What are tasks of the Operations Team?
• Study how to maintain business continuity
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process | Operation
The operations team is responsible for monitoring the
status of IT services during operation using light weight
ITSM process.
Keeping vital services operational in the event of a
disaster is critical.
The team should involve the reliability engineer and
pay attention to two key parameters, Recovery point
objective and Recovery time objective.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What are responsibilities of the Operations Team responsible for?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What are responsibilities of the Operations Team responsible for?
• Monitoring status of IT services during operation
• Keeping vital services operational
• Involve the Reliability Engineer
• Pay attention to Recovery point objective and Recovery time objective
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process | Maintenance
The service master and reliability engineer decide
whether to approve maintenance activities.
If approved, they are added to the product backlog as
requests for change.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. Who decide whether to approve maintenance activities?
2. Where are they added when approved?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. Who decide whether to approve maintenance activities?
• Service Master and Reliability Engineer
2. Where are they added when approved?
• Product backlog as requests for change
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process | Customer service
The service master and reliability engineer are
responsible for collecting customer’s feedback such as,
operational problems including user experience and
quality issues.
If approved, these items are added to the product
backlog as request for change.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. For what are the Service Master and Reliability Engineer responsible?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. For what are the Service Master and Reliability Engineer responsible?
• Collecting customer’s feedback
• Operational problems
• User experience
• Quality issues
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Process | End of life
The service master decides the end of life of the IT
service including conditions for when and how this will
happen.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What will the service master decide?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What will the service master decide?
• The end of life of the IT service
• Conditions for when and how end of life will happen
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Light-weight ITSM example
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What means ITSM?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What means ITSM?
• IT Service Management
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Implementation
There are 3 types of DevOps implementation which are
dependent on the business model of the enterprise.
1. TOYOTA way | Complex and Advanced
2. Collaboration | Standard
3. Continuous Delivery | Basic
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. Which types of DevOps implementation are there?
2. On what are they dependent?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. Which types of DevOps implementation are there?
• TOYOTA way
• Collaboration
• Continuous Delivery
2. On what are they dependent?
• The business model of the enterprise
• Complex and Advanced
• Standard
• Basic
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Implementation | TOYOTA way
This focuses on strategic IT services and gives strategic
advantage for the business.
It is led by business owner or service master.
It is preferable to implement a matrix organization in a
large enterprise and to maintain a close relationship
between IT strategy and business strategy.
This structure is most suited to IT service providers.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What are elements of the TOYOTA implementation?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What are elements of the TOYOTA implementation?
• Focus on strategic IT services
• Strategic advantage for the business
• Led by business owner or service master
• Implement a matrix organization in a large enterprise
• Maintain a close relationship between IT strategy and business strategy
• Most suited to IT service providers
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Implementation | Collaboration
This focuses on just providing quick and frequent IT
services and reliable operation and is led by the service
master.
It is most suited for SoE and SoR.
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What are elements of the collaboration implementation?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What are elements of the collaboration implementation?
• Focus on just providing quick and frequent IT services
• Focus on reliable operation
• Led by the service master
• Most suited for SoE and SoR
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

DevOps Implementation | Continuous Delivery
This focuses on quick and frequent releases of software
and is led by the product owner.
It is most suited to Digital Product Vendors
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions
1. What are elements of the Continuous Delivery implementation?
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

Questions & Answers
1. What are elements of the Continuous Delivery implementation?
• Focus on quick and frequent releases of software
• Led by product owner
• Most suited to Digital Product Vendors
DevOps Process
M.M. Heegstra

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