Data structure power point presentation
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The document discusses linear and non-linear data structures. It defines a data structure as a way of organizing data to be used effectively. Linear data structures like arrays, stacks, queues, and linked lists arrange data sequentially, allowing single traversal. Non-linear structures like trees and graphs arrange data hierarchically, requiring multiple traversals. Linear structures are easier to implement but use memory inefficiently, while non-linear structures use memory efficiently but are harder to implement. Examples and properties of various linear and non-linear data structures are provided.
Data structure power point presentation
- 1. Department of Computer Science Govt. Madhav Science PG College Ujjain DATA STRUCTURE ANIL KUMAR PRAJAPATI
- 2. What is Data Structure ► A data structure is a particular way of organizing data in a computer so that it can be used effectively. ► For example, we can store a list of items having the same data-type using the array data structure.
- 3. Types of Data structure ► broadly data structure categorized into two categories such as linear data structure and non linear
- 4. Linear Data Structure ► Linear data structure : Data structure where data elements are arranged sequentially or linearly where the elements are attached to its previous and next adjacent in what is called a linear data structure. In linear data structure, single level is involved. Therefore, we can traverse all the elements in single run only. Linear data structures are easy to implement because computer memory is arranged in a linear way. Its examples are array, stack, queue and linked list
- 5. Non-linear Data Structure ► Non-linear Data Structure : Data structures where data elements are not arranged sequentially or linearly are called non-linear data structures. In a non-linear data structure, single level is not involved. Therefore, we can’t traverse all the elements in single run only. Non-linear data structures are not easy to implement in comparison to linear data structure. It utilizes computer memory efficiently in comparison to a linear data structure. Its examples are trees and graphs.
- 6. Difference Between Linear And Non- Linear Data Structure Linear Data Structure Non- Linear Data Structure In a linear data structure, data elements are arranged in a linear order where each and every elements are attached to its previous and next adjacent. In a non-linear data structure, data elements are attached in hierarchically manner. In linear data structure, single level is involved. Whereas in non-linear data structure, multiple levels are involved. In linear data structure, data elements can be traversed in a single run only. While in non-linear data structure, data elements can’t be traversed in a single run only. In a linear data structure, memory is not utilized in an efficient way. While in a non-linear data structure, memory is utilized in an efficient way. Its examples are: array, stack, queue, linked list, etc. While its examples are: trees and graphs. Applications of linear data structures are mainly in application software development. Applications of non-linear data structures are in Artificial Intelligence and image processing.
- 7. Linear data structure 1. Array: An array is a collection of items stored at contiguous memory locations. The idea is to store multiple items of the same type together. This makes it easier to calculate the position of each element by simply adding an offset to a base value, i.e., the memory location of the first element of the array (generally denoted by the name of the array).
- 8. Linear data structure ► Stack : Stack is a linear data structure which follows a particular order in which the operations are performed. The order may be LIFO(Last In First Out) or FILO(First In Last Out).
- 9. Linear data structure ► Queue: A Queue is a linear structure which follows a particular order in which the operations are performed. The order is First In First Out (FIFO). A good example of a queue is any queue of consumers for a resource where the consumer that came first is served first. The difference between stacks and queues is in removing. In a stack we remove the item the most recently added; in a queue, we remove the item the least recently added.
- 10. ► Link list: A linked list is a linear data structure, in which the elements are not stored at contiguous memory locations. The elements in a linked list are linked using pointers as shown in the below image:
- 11. Non- Linear Data Structure ► Tree: A tree is a hierarchical data structure defined as a collection of nodes. Nodes represent value and nodes are connected by edges. A tree has the following properties: 1. The tree has one node called root. The tree originates from this, and hence it does not have any parent. 2. Each node has one parent only but can have multiple children. 3. Each node is connected to its children via edge.
- 12. Non- Linear Data Structure ► Graph : A Graph is a non-linear data structure consisting of nodes and edges. The nodes are sometimes also referred to as vertices and the edges are lines or arcs that connect any two nodes in the graph. More formally a Graph can be defined as