Built in classes in java
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This document provides an overview of several built-in classes in Java, including Arrays, Math, wrapper classes, and BigInteger. It discusses the key methods and functionality of each class. The Arrays class contains static methods for common array operations like sorting and searching. The Math class contains commonly used mathematical functions that operate on primitive types. Wrapper classes "wrap" the primitive types in object classes. BigInteger provides operations for very large integers.
Built in classes in java
- 1. SESSION 4 : BUILT-IN CLASSES IN JAVA Mahmoud Ali | ACM Shoubra
- 2. Contents Arrays Class Math Class Wrapper Classes Integer Long Double Float Char BigInteger Class
- 3. Introduction
- 4. Built-in Classes Java provide some useful classes in the java.lang package . These classes provide us with some methods and fields that help us save time and effort in writing code and repeating it more and more…
- 5. Class and Instance Methods Instance Method : a method defined for an object. Class Method : a method defined for a class. *an introduction to object oriented programming in java ,5 th Edition , C . Thomas WU
- 6. Arrays Class
- 7. Arrays Class Class Arrays helps you avoid reinventing the wheel by providing static methods for common array manipulations Methods Include sort(array) : Arranges array elements into increasing order. binarySearch(array , element) : Determines whether an array contains a specific value and, if so, returns where the value is located. equal(array) : Compares arrays. fill(array , element) : Places Values into an array. toString() : Converts array to String.
- 8. Arrays Class (cont.) We can copy arrays using copyof method of the class Arrays Or using class System’s static arraycopy method. To use Arrays Class we import it by import java.util.Arrays ; To Access Class methods we use the (.) operator. Ex: Arrays.sort(array);
- 9. Math Class
- 10. Math Class Using only the arithmetic operators to express numerical computations is very limiting. Many computations require the use of mathematical functions. For example , Expressing The Following Formula The Math class in the java.lang package contains class methods for commonly used mathematical functions. To use Math Class we import it by : import java.lang.Math;
- 11. Math Class (cont.) Math Class Methods include abs(a) : Returns the absolute value of a. ceil(a) : Returns the smallest whole number greater than a. floor(a) : Returns the largest whole number less than a. max(a , b) : Returns the larger of a and b. min(a , b) : Returns the smaller of a and b. pow(a , b) : Returns the number a raised to power b. random() : Generates a random number less than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0 . sqrt(a) : returns the square root of a.
- 12. Math Class (cont.) toDegrees() : Converts the given angle in radians to degrees. toRadians() : Reverse of toDegrees. Trigonometric Functions sin(a) cos(a) tan(a) All trigonometric functions are computed in radians. Arc Trigonometric Functions asin(a) acos(a) atan(a)
- 13. Let’s Code the Formula :
- 14. Wrapper Classes
- 15. Wrapper Classes Each of Java's eight primitive data types has a class dedicated to it. These are known as wrapper classes, because they "wrap" the primitive data type into an object of that class. there is an Integer class that holds an int variable.
- 16. Wrapper Classes(cont.) Wrapper Classes have Objects Defined as Follows : Integer Long Double x = new Double (value); Float Long x = new Long(value); Double Integer x = new Integer(value); Float x = new Float(value); Char Character x = new Character(value);
- 17. Wrapper Classes(cont.) Wrapper Classes have a lot of methods in common : toString() Method : For Example : String s = Integer.toString(5); String s = Character.toString(‘a’); parse Method : Converts String to an Int , float, double ,.. Int x = Integer.parseInt(“1234”); double x = Double.parseDouble(“12.1545”); Minimum and Maximum Values of a Primitive type Int min = Integer.MIN_VALUE; //min =-2147483648 Int max = Integer.MAX_VALUE; // max = 2147483647 float maxv = Float.MAX_VALUE; //maxv = 3.4028235E38
- 18. Wrapper Classes(cont.) Converting between primitive data types : doubleValue() returns the value of this type as an double. floatValue() returns the value of this type as a float. intValue() returns the value of this type as an int. longValue() returns the value of this type as a long. For Example int x = 15; float y = x.floatValue();
- 19. Wrapper Classes(cont.) Converting to another number system : toBinaryString(a) : Converts a into binary string. toHexString(a) : Converts a into hexadecimal string. toOctalString(a) : Converts a into octal String. For Example : String s = Integer.toBinaryString(10);
- 20. BigInteger Class
- 21. BigInteger Class The java.math.BigInteger class provides operations analogues to all of Java's primitive integer operators and for all relevant methods from java.lang.Math. BigInteger class help us to deal with very large Integers. To Declare A BigInteger We Use : BigInteger num = BigInteger.valueof(long number);
- 22. BigInteger Class(cont.) BigInteger Fields Include : BigInteger.ONE : The BigInteger constant one. BigInteger.ZERO : The BigInteger constant zero. BigInteger.TEN : The BigInteger constant ten. BigInteger Methods Include : abs() : returns a BigInteger whose value is the absolute value of this BigInteger. add(val) : returns a BigInteger whose value is (this + val). subtract(val) : returns a BigInteger whose value is (this - val). multiply(val) : returns a BigInteger whose value is (this*val). divide(val): returns a BigInteger whose value is (this / val)
- 23. BigInteger Class(cont.) pow(int ex) : returns a BigInteger whose value is thisex . nextProbablePrime() : returns the first integer greater than this BigInteger that is probably prime. isProbablePrime() : returns true if this BigInteger is probably prime, false otherwise . intValue() : converts this BigInteger to an int. longValue() : converts this BigInteger to a Long. floatValue() : converts this BigInteger to a float. doubleValue() : converts this BigInteger to a double. toString() : returns the decimal String representation of this BigInteger. negate() : returns a BigInteger whose value is (-this).
- 24. BigInteger Class(cont.) Example(http://www.spoj.com/problems/FCTRL2/) You are asked to calculate factorials of some small positive integers where 1<=n<=100
- 25. Questions ?
- 26. References Java How To Program ,early objects 9th edition , Deitel. an introduction to object oriented programming in java ,5th Edition , C . Thomas WU . Java An Introduction to Problem Solving and Programming , 6th Edition ,Walter Savitch TutorialsPoint.com
- 27. Thanks