BUILDING MODERN PYTHON WEB FRAMEWORKS USING FLASK WITH NEIL GREY
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This document provides an introduction to Flask, a Python web microframework, covering essential concepts such as MVC architecture, routing, templates, and database integration. It emphasizes Flask's benefits like quick learning, extensive documentation, and ease of use for serious applications. The workshop also includes practical demonstrations of features like form handling, session management, and email support.
BUILDING MODERN PYTHON WEB FRAMEWORKS USING FLASK WITH NEIL GREY
- 1. IMPORT FLASK AN INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON’S FRIENDLY NEIGHBOURHOOD WEB MICROFRAMEWORK. NEIL GREY [email protected] COMBOMASH ENTERTAINMENT
- 2. AGENDA ❖ INTRODUCTIONS ❖ GETTING STARTED ❖ OVERVIEW OF PYTHON & MVC ❖ WHY FLASK? ❖ HELLO WORLD! ❖ ROUTING ❖ TEMPLATES ❖ INTERACTIVE COMPONENTS ❖ FORMS, REQUESTS, & AJAX ❖ DATABASE INTEGRATION (SQLITE) ❖ LOGGING IN / SESSIONS ❖ EMAIL SUPPORT
- 3. INTRODUCTIONS ❖ WHO’S THE LOUD GUY UP FRONT? ❖ PROFESSIONAL PROGRAMMER AT MID-SIZED VISUAL EFFECTS & GAMING COMPANIES FOR 6 YEARS ❖ HEAVY FOCUS ON SYSTEMS THAT PROMOTE EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION & EFFICIENT PROCESSES ❖ CYCLIST, BIKRAMITE, INDEPENDENT GAME DEVELOPER, OPEN- SOURCE ENTHUSIAST, VEGAN, SELF-DIRECTED INVESTOR, MARATHONER, BUSINESS OWNER ❖ BEEN WORKING WITH FLASK REGULARLY FOR JUST OVER A YEAR AND WITH PYTHON FOR LAST 5 YEARS. EXPERIENCE IN WEB TECH DATING BACK TO MID-90’S. ❖ ASK THE AUDIENCE ❖ WHAT’S YOUR NAME & WHY ARE YOU HERE TODAY? ❖ EXPERIENCE LEVEL IN PYTHON? WEB DEVELOPMENT? nataliedeemachine.com
- 4. GETTING STARTED ❖ OVERVIEW OF PYTHON & MVC ❖ WHY FLASK? ❖ HELLO WORLD! ❖ ROUTING ❖ TEMPLATES
- 5. LEARN PYTHON IN 10 MINUTES HTTP://WWW.STAVROS.IO/TUTORIALS/PYTHON/
- 6. MODEL-VIEW-CONTROLLER (MVC) ❖ THE MODEL ❖ REPRESENTATION OF DATA. USUALLY HAS A STRONG RELATION WITH THE UNDERLYING DATABASE. ❖ THE VIEW(S) ❖ WHAT IS SHOWN TO THE USER. CAN BE ANY KIND OF USER INTERFACE, USUALLY HTML PAGES WITH JAVASCRIPT WHEN DEALING WITH THE WEB. ❖ THE CONTROLS ❖ WHAT OPERATIONS ARE DONE ON THE DATA. A CLEAN & CONVENIENT WAY TO DESIGN SOFTWARE PROJECTS INVOLVING USER INTERFACES WHICH PRESENT AND MANIPULATE SETS OF DATA.
- 7. WHY FLASK? ❖ SMALL : QUICK TO LEARN AND MASTER ❖ COMPLETE : YOU CAN USE TO DO SERIOUS APPS ❖ LEAN : A SHELL AND A TEXT EDITOR ARE ENOUGH, NO NEED FOR A CUMBERSOME IDE ❖ IT IS VERY WELL DOCUMENTED ❖ WHY USING A SCRIPTING LANGUAGE LIKE PYTHON FOR A WEB APPLICATION? ❖ ADAPTED LANGUAGE WHICH EASILY SUPPORTS PASTING TOGETHER VARIOUS COMPONENTS (DATABASE, RENDERING, ROUTING, . . . ) ❖ MAKES ITS EASIER TO RELEASE EARLY & OFTEN (DEVOPS) ❖ EASIER TO MAINTAIN & MODIFY ❖ SPEED GOOD ENOUGH FOR MANY USE CASES
- 8. FLASK: HELLO WORLD! • RUN SCRIPT VIA COMMAND-LINE: PYTHON RUN.PY • GO TO: 127.0.0.1:5000 TO REVIEW
- 9. FLASK: ROUTING Flask uses dynamic pathing to match user requests to server- side responses. This is in direct contrast to a language like PHP which primarily uses directory- based pathing to locate files containing called-upon functionality. This is extremely useful since we can pass variables into our dynamic paths so not to duplicate functionality across multiple files, and still have a human-readable URL.
- 10. FLASK: ROUTING Status Code Type 400 Bad Request 401 Unauthorized 402 Payment Required 403 Forbidden 404 Not Found 500 Internal Server Error 501 Not Implemented 503 Service Unavailable There’s a lot to be said for graceful error handling, especially when it comes to publicly accessible web sites. Flask lets you easily custom handle errors as well as throw them when needed.
- 11. FLASK: TEMPLATES Templating keeps the logic of your web app separate from its layout and style. Ideally, we want to avoid scenarios where we are processing any HTML within our main Python syntax. VS
- 12. FLASK: TEMPLATES Templating is handled by Jinja2, a python-esque framework that allows for control statements and loops to be placed into HTML templates, but discourages full logic processing within HTML blocks. In our current example, we are passing 3 variables through “render_template” on the Python side: article_title, user, & posts. If article_title is provided we prepend it in the document header. We also have a for loop that goes through an array of posts, printing out relevant information on each iteration.
- 13. FLASK: TEMPLATES We can use Jinja2's template inheritance feature, which allows us to move the parts of the page layout that are common to all templates and put them in a base template from which all other templates are derived. In this example we’ve split out the display of the posts from the standardized outline of the page. This makes it so that we won’t have to maintain elements like the main menu across multiple files.
- 14. INTERACTIVE COMPONENTS ❖ FORMS, REQUESTS, & AJAX ❖ DATABASE INTEGRATION (SQLITE) ❖ LOGGING IN / SESSIONS ❖ EMAIL SUPPORT ❖ DEPLOYMENT
- 15. FORMS, REQUESTS, & AJAX Let’s use the free drag-and- drop library dropzone.js to demo what processing a file upload server-side would look like.
- 16. BASIC DATABASE SETUP (SQLITE) Let’s setup a super-basic plain-text user database that we can then integrate into a login form. Usually we would integrate this with the “flask_login” package, but for the sake of simplicity we’re going about it at a different approach.
- 17. SESSIONS / LOGGING IN
- 18. SESSIONS / LOGGING IN This time around we throw sqlite into the mix to check and see if the user exists in the database before setting the session ‘logged_in’ variable.
- 19. EMAIL SUPPORT To use flask-mail we need to import it in our init and configure it with the settings we seek. Once we’re up and running there we can call upon that functionality from anywhere else in the application.
- 20. Thank You We really appreciate you taking the time to join in on this Flask workshop today! If you have any questions down the line, feel free to contact me at [email protected] Over at ComboMash Entertainment, we’re launching a kickstarter for a game where tiy ommand a crew of oil rigger mercenaries tasked with acquiring rare resources from uncharted planets. Build offensive towers to attack hordes of aliens in an ever changing environment. If you’d like follow along with our progress, join our mailing list at http://www.hextraction.com Our Kickstarter campaign will be launching on April 21st and we’d love to have your support! Many Thanks, Neil Grey [email protected]