Post-Modern CSS: Start learning CSS Grid, Flexbox and other new properties

Post-Modern CSS
IN-DEPTH ON GRID LAYOUT, FLEXBOX & OTHER NEW PROPERTIES

Wait. Post-Modern?
LIKE… ANDY WARHOL?

Wait. Post-Modern?
LIKE… ANDY WARHOL? SORTA.

“Simplifying to the extreme, I deﬁne postmodern
as an incredulity toward metanarratives.”
– Jean-François Lyotard

“Postmodernism was a reaction to modernism. Where
modernism was about objectivity, postmodernism was
about subjectivity. Where modernism sought a singular
truth, postmodernism sought the multiplicity of truths.”
– Miguel Syjuco

Why Post-Modern?
A VERY BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ERAS OF THE WEB AND CSS

Pre-History
POINT-TO-POINT CONNECTIONS; BULLETIN BOARDS; RESEARCHERS

The Classical Era
HTTP; HTML; THE BROWSER; SIR TIM BERNERS-LEE

The Middle Ages
OR THE RISE AND FALL OF CSS

The Modern Era
HTML5; CSS3; ADVANCED JS; FRAMEWORKS

Postmodernity
ADVANCED LAYOUT; RE-EMERGENCE OF UNIQUE DESIGN

SOURCE: HTTP://ADVENTUREGA.ME/BOOTSTRAP/

“CSS Sucks”
-EVERY DEVELOPER EVER

The Rise and Fall of CSS
THE BATTLE OVER STYLE SHEETS AND IMPLEMENTATION

CSS Starts Strong
1994: CSS1 Spec starts
1996: CSS1 Spec complete (IE3
kinda adopts)
2000: IE5 reaches 99% CSS1
adoption

The middle part, not so much
1998: CSS2 Spec ﬁrst WD
2000: CSS2 Becomes
Recommendation
2000-07: CSS2/2.1 turmoil and
back and forth
2011: CSS2.1 Finally ﬁnished and
published
SOURCE: HTTP://LEARNCSS.INFO/

Why CSS3 is better
THE SECRET SAUCE IS MODULES
SOURCE: MDN

• The CSS Saga
• The Evolution of CSS
Further Reading

The New Hotness
TODAY’S GOAL: ADOPT ONE OF THESE PROPERTIES

Code Examples: postmoderncss.com

CSS Gradients
WHY USE IMAGES WHEN CSS CAN DO AMAZING THINGS?

body {
background-image: linear-
gradient(#F46035, #7E311C);
}

body {
gradient(45deg, #F46035, #7E311C);
}

body {
gradient(to bottom, #F46035,
#7E311C 50%, #F46035 70%);
}

body {
background-image: radial-
gradient(#F46035, #7E311C);
}

body {
background-image: radial-
gradient(circle at 10% 0, #F46035,
#7E311C 50%);
}

body {
background-image: repeating-
linear-gradient(to top right,
#F46035, #F46035 20px, #7E311C
20px, #7E311C 40px);
}

repeating-linear-gradient(
to top right, #F46035, #F46035 20px, #7E311C
20px, #7E311C 40px
);

repeating-linear-gradient(
[direction], [first color] #F46035,
[first color again to fight fade] #F46035 20px,
[second color] #7E311C 20px,
[second color again to fight fade] #7E311C 40px
);

CSS Shapes
MAKING FLOATING IMAGES INTERESTING AGAIN

Support (USE BUT DON’T DEPEND ON)

shape-outside(circle, polygon, url, content-box)
SHAPE-INSIDE COMING IN LEVEL 2

.circle {
float: left;
shape-outside: circle();
margin: 0 3em .5em 0;
}

.polygon {
float: left;
width: 200px;
height:400px;
shape-outside: polygon(22% 0,
23% 18%, 79% 25%, 90% 36%, 66%
56%, 75% 80%, 28% 101%, 45% 60%,
45% 40%);
}
POLYGON CREATOR: HTTP://BENNETTFEELY.COM/CLIPPY/

img {
float: left;
shape-outside: url(mask.png);
shape-margin: 10px;
}

.left {
float:left;
width: 20%;
height: 730px;
shape-outside: polygon(50% 0%,
100% 50%, 50% 100%, 0% 50%)
}
.right {
float: right;
width: 20%;
height: 730px;
shape-outside: polygon(50% 0%,
100% 50%, 50% 100%, 0% 50%)
}

Flexbox
TRULY RESPONSIVE UNI-DIRECTIONAL LAYOUT

Support (USE UNLESS <IE10 IS IMPORTANT)

<div class="container">
<div class="box box1">1</div>
</div>
DEFAULT: BLOCK-LEVEL

.container {
width: 510px;
margin: 0 auto;
background: lightblue;
}
.box {
background-color: tomato;
margin: 20px 0;
padding: 20px;
color: white;
}
DEFAULT: SIMPLE STYLING

.container {
width: 510px;
margin: 0 auto;
background: lightblue;
}
.box {
float: left;
margin: 20px 0;
padding: 20px;
color: white;
}

.container:after {
content: "";
display: block;
clear: both;
}

(container size) 510px / 6 (number of boxes)
= 85px (box width)
Box Size Math

.box {
float: left;
margin: 20px 0;
padding: 20px;
color: white;
width: 85px;
}

((container size) 510px / 6 (number of boxes)) - 40px (padding)
= 45px (box width)
Box Size Math (gosh darnit)

.box {
float: left;
margin: 20px 0;
padding: 20px;
color: white;
width: 45px;
or
width: 85px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}

</div>
BACK THE TO START

.container {
display: flex;
}
.box {
flex: 1;
}

</div>

</div>

.container {
display: flex;
}
.two-third {
flex: 2;
}
.one-third {
flex: 1;
}

.container {
width: 80%;
padding: 20px;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-
between;
}
.two-third {
width: 65%;
}
.one-third {
width: 33%;
}

Post-Modern CSS: Start learning CSS Grid, Flexbox and other new properties

.container {
justify-content: space-between; // Extra whitespace between elements
justify-content: space-around; // Extra whitespace split to either
side of elements
justify-content: space-evenly; // Extra whitespace split evenly
around elements and row/column
justify-content: center; // Content center with no whitespace
justify-content: flex-start; // Extra whitespace at the end
(default)
justify-content: flex-end; // Extra whitespace at the start
}

.container {
width: 80%;
height: 60vh;
padding: 20px;
display: flex;
}
.two-third {
width: 65%;
}
.one-third {
width: 33%;
}

.container {
align-items: stretch; // Height stretches to match row *default
align-items: flex-start; // Height by content - aligned top
align-items: flex-end; // Height by content - aligned bottom
align-items: center; // Height by content - center aligned
align-items: baseline; // Height by content - aligned by
baseline of first line of text
}

.container {
flex-direction: row; // Default ... it's a row
flex-direction: row-reverse; // Reverses the order of the row
flex-direction: column; // It's a column with a simple
change in CSS
flex-direction: column-reverse; // Reverses the direction of
the column;
// Column also changes the direction justify and align deal with.
}

.container {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
padding: 10px;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.box {
height: 30vw;
width: calc(33% - 10px);
margin-bottom: 15px;
}

• Flexbox by Animated GIF
• Flexbox Froggy
• CSS Tricks Complete Guide to Flexbox
Learn More

New Units
SIZING HAS NEVER BEEN MORE FUN!

.container {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
width: 80%;
}
.box {
width: 25vw;
height: 25vh;
}

((current viewport size) 600px / 100 (percentage)) x 25vw
= 150px (box width)
Viewport Math

How can I use this for fun and proﬁt?

.box {
width: 20vw;
height: 20vw;
}

h1 {
font-size: default;
}
h2 {
font-size: 5vw;
}
h3 {
font-size: calc(16px + 1vw);
}
p {
font-size: calc(12px + .75vw);
line-height: 1.4em;
}

h3 {
font-size: calc(16px + 1vw);
}
.box {
margin: 0 10px;
}

Let’s put a few things together

Background Blend Mode
CAN THE BROWSER REPLACE PHOTOSHOP?

Support (FALL FORWARD WITH EYE TOWARD READABILITY)

.box {
height: 15vw;
background-size: cover;
background-image: url(https://placekitten.com/1000/800);
background-color: purple;
background-blend-mode: [value];
}

Multiply Screen OverlayNormal
Darken Color Dodge Hard LightLighten
Exclusion Color LuminosityDifference

Grid Layout
TWO-DIMENSIONAL LAYOUT AT ITS FINEST. ALMOST HERE!

Support (LEARN NOW. THANK ME LATER)

Grid Terminology
Grid Line Grid Cell Grid Track Grid Area
SOURCE: COMPLETE GUIDE TO GRID CSS-TRICKS

.container {
width: 90%;
background-color: lightblue;
margin: 30px auto;
}
.box {
padding: 10px 20px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}

grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr;
Grid Template Construction

grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr 10vw 10%;
Grid Template Construction

.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr
1fr;
grid-gap: 2vw;
}

grid-column: span 2;
grid-column: 1 / 4;
grid-column: 2 / 3;
grid-column: 1 span 2;
Grid Item Placement

grid-row: span 2;
grid-row: 1 / 4;
grid-row: 2 / 3;
grid-row: 1 span 2;
Grid Item Placement

.container {
1fr 1fr;
}
.box:nth-child(2) {
}

.box:nth-child(2) {
grid-row: 2 / 3;
grid-column: 2 / span 2;
}

.box:nth-child(2) {
grid-row: 1 / 3;
grid-column: 2 / span 2;
}
or
.box:nth-child(2) {
grid-row: span 2;
}

.container {
1fr 1fr;
}
.box:nth-child(2) {
grid-row: span 2;
}

.box:nth-child(2) {
grid-row: span 2;
}
.box:nth-child(5) {
grid-row: span 5;
}

.container {
...
grid-auto-flow: dense;
}

display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
grid-gap: calc(.5rem + .5vw);
grid-template-areas: "main main main second third fourth"
"main main main fifth fifth fifth"
"promo promo promo promo promo promo"
"sixth sixth seventh seventh eighth eighth"
"sixth sixth seventh seventh ninth tenth”;

&:nth-child(1) {
grid-area: main;
}
&:nth-child(2) {
grid-area: second;
}
&:nth-child(3) {
grid-area: third;
}
&:nth-child(4) {
grid-area: fourth;
}
&:nth-child(5) {
grid-area: fifth;
}
&:nth-child(6) {
grid-area: sixth;
}
&:nth-child(7) {
grid-area: seventh;
}
&:nth-child(8) {
grid-area: eighth;
}
&:nth-child(9) {
grid-area: ninth;
}
&:nth-child(10) {
grid-area: tenth;
}

.about {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
grid-auto-rows: minmax(20vw, 1fr);
grid-template-areas: " first . . second ."
" . . third . ."
" fourth . . . fifth"
" . sixth sixth . fifth"
" . sixth sixth . ."
" . . . seventh seventh"
"eighth eighth . seventh seventh"
"eighth eighth . . .";
}

.banner {
display: grid;
grid-template-rows: repeat(5, 1fr);
grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr);
}
.headline {
font-size: calc(1.5rem + 6vw);
grid-row: 4 / 5;
grid-column: 2 / 6;
}
.subhead {
grid-column: 2 / 6;
grid-row: 5 / 6;
font-size: calc(1rem + 2vw);
}

• Rachel Andrew's Get Ready for Grid Layout
• My Simple Primer
• CSS Tricks Complete Guide to Grid
• Jen Simmons’ Lab
Learn More

• Initial Letter
• CSS Transforms
• Object-Fit
• CSS Filters
• Clip Path
Explore More

No Shame in Templates
BUT UNDERSTAND WHAT THE TEMPLATE DOES AND HOW TO BREAK OUT

CSS is Powerful
LEARN A FEW THINGS AND MAKE INTERESTING DESIGNS

Start Today
YOU DON’T HAVE TO WAIT FOR 100% BROWSER ADOPTION

Homework
LEARN ONE NEW LAYOUT AND ONE NEW STYLE PROPERTY

• http://bryanlrobinson.com
• Twitter: @brob
• Slack:  
http://slack.memphistechnology.org/
• Today’s Examples:
postmoderncss.com
I’d love to help you

Post-Modern CSS: Start learning CSS Grid, Flexbox and other new properties

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