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Fourth Generation Mobile Systems: Click To Edit Master Subtitle Style

4G mobile networks aim to provide significantly higher data rates, lower latency, and an integrated experience across various wired and wireless technologies. 4G networks will offer seamless connectivity across cellular, WiFi, and other wireless standards at speeds up to 100 Mbps for mobile users and 1 Gbps for local area connectivity. Key technologies enabling 4G include mobile IP, smart antennas, radio routers, and advanced modulation schemes to improve spectral efficiency and accommodate high user demand for multimedia applications. Significant challenges remain around hardware capabilities, traffic management, and signal processing to fully realize the vision of 4G.

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Dharmendra Singh
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53 views19 pages

Fourth Generation Mobile Systems: Click To Edit Master Subtitle Style

4G mobile networks aim to provide significantly higher data rates, lower latency, and an integrated experience across various wired and wireless technologies. 4G networks will offer seamless connectivity across cellular, WiFi, and other wireless standards at speeds up to 100 Mbps for mobile users and 1 Gbps for local area connectivity. Key technologies enabling 4G include mobile IP, smart antennas, radio routers, and advanced modulation schemes to improve spectral efficiency and accommodate high user demand for multimedia applications. Significant challenges remain around hardware capabilities, traffic management, and signal processing to fully realize the vision of 4G.

Uploaded by

Dharmendra Singh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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6/3/12

FOURTH GENERATION MOBILE SYSTEMS 4G


Click to edit Master subtitle style

6/3/12

Mobile System Generations

First Generation (1G) mobile systems were designed to offer a single service, i.e., speech. Generation (2G) mobile systems were also

Second

designed primarily to offer speech with a limited capability to offer data at low rates.
Third

Generation (3G) mobile systems are expected to offer high-quality multimedia services and operate in different environments. 3G systems are referred to as Universal

6/3/12

Key 3G and 4G Parameters


Attribute Major Characteristic Network Architecture 3G 4G Predominantly Converged data voice- data as and VoIP add-on Wide area Cell based Hybrid integration of Wireless Lan (WiFi), Blue Tooth, Wide Area 2 8 GHz

Frequency Band1.6 - 2.5 GHz

Component Design

Optimized Smart antennas; antenna; multi- SW multi-band; band adapters wideband radios

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Third Generation (3G)


Major

technologies

1)Bluetooth 2)Wireless LAN (IEEE 802.x standards) WiFi


Short

range wireless communications

Highly

utilized and very popular: offices, airports,coffee shops, universities and schools basic modes of operations:

Two

- Ad-hoc networking: computers send data to one

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Why Move Towards 4G?

Limitation to meet expectations of applications like multimedia, full motion video, wireless teleconferencing Difficult to move and interoperate due to different standards hampering global mobility and service portability Primarily Cellular (WAN) with distinct LANs; need a new integrated network Limitations in applying recent advances in spectrally more efficient modulation schemes Need all digital network to fully utilize IP and

-Wider Bandwidth

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Where Do We Want to Go?


Seamless Roaming Integrated standard Networks Mobile Intelligent Internet

Onwards to (Ultra) Wideband Wireless IP Networks

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Upcoming

3.5 G

Evolved radio Interface IP based core network

4G

New Air Interface Very high bit rate services Convergence of Wireline, Wireless, and IP worlds

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Key 4G Mobility Concepts

Mobile IP

VoIP to move around with the same IP address

Ability IP

tunnels Internet

Intelligent

Presence Awareness Technology


Knowing

who is on line and where

Radio Router
Bringing

IP to the base station

Smart Antennas

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4G Networks Advances

Seamless mobility (roaming)


Roam freely from one standard to another Integrate different modes of wireless communications indoor networks (e.g., wireless LANs and Bluetooth); cellular signals; radio and TV; satellite communications

100 Mb/se full mobility (wide area); 1 Gbit/s low mobility (local area) IP-based communications systems for integrated voice, data, and video

IP RAN

Open unified standards Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)


Successor to SS7; replacement for TCP Maintain several data streams within a single connection

Service Location Protocol (SLP)

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4G Networks Advances contd

Diameter
Successor Unified

to Radius

authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA)

Integrated LAN card and Subscriber Identity Modules (SIMs) HSS


Unified

Subscriber Information

Application developers, Service providers, and content creators

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Key Challenges

Spectral Efficiencies
Challenge Hardware Traffic

Shannons fundamental law of data communications (BW, Sig/No) Frequency Synthesis techniques esp. for Frequency Hop (FH) systems characteristics management (burstiness, directionality)

Multi Carrier Modulation (MCM)


Baseband

process using parallel equal bandwidth subchannels OFDM Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK); Multilevel

MC-CDMA;

Quadrature

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Key Challenges - contd - 1

Signal Processing and optimizations


Handling

extremely large number of users and asynchronous transmissions / correlation of large number of

Synchronous

Orthogonality

codes

Extremely Fast Arithmetic (esp. multiplication)


N

Dimensional vector spaces FFT DSPs for parsing and processing data

IFFT,

Advanced

Smart / Intelligent Antennas


Dynamically

adjust beam pattern based on CQI

6/3/12

4G RF/IF Architecture Example

4G Trans receiver Processing Example

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6/3/12

4G Forums

Wireless World Research Forum (WWRF) in Europe Next-Generation Internet (NGI)


Led

by and focused on US Fed Agencies (DoD, DoE, NASA, NIH etc.) Performance networks: vBNS (NSF), NREN (NASA), DREN (DoD), ESnet (DoE),

High

Internet2
US

Universities Initiated on Gigabit/sec Points of Presence (gigaPoPs)

Focus

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Applications

Virtual Presence: This means that 4G provides user

services at all times, even if the user is offsite.


Virtual

navigation: 4G provides users with virtual navigation through which a user can access a database of the streets, buildings etc. applications: This is a combination of GIS (Geographical Information

Tele-geoprocessing

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Tele-Medicine

and Education: 4G will support remote health monitoring of patients. For people who are interested in life long education, 4G provides a good opportunity. Crisis management: Natural disasters can cause break down in communication systems. In todays world it might take days or 7 weeks to restore the system. But in 4G it is expected to restore such crisis issues in a few hours.

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Summary

Mobile Intelligent Internet and multi media applications Seamless Roaming, substantially high and selectable

user bandwidth, customized QoS, Intelligent and responsive user interface


Mobile IP, Radio Routers, smart Antennas Continued advances and challenges from 1G -> 4G

Modulation techniques, trans receiver advances, fast

6/3/12

THANK YOU

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