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    Phys

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    Abdie Mahamud
    This document covers key concepts in electricity and circuits including: - Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that can be positive or negative. Static electricity builds up when charges accumulate. - Current is the flow of electric charge. It is measured in amps and defined as the amount of charge passing through an area per unit time. - Potential difference, measured in volts, is the work required to move a unit of charge between two points in a circuit. Kirchhoff's laws allow analysis of current and voltage in circuits.

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    Phys

    Uploaded by

    Abdie Mahamud
    37 views22 pages
    This document covers key concepts in electricity and circuits including: - Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that can be positive or negative. Static electricity builds up when charges accumulate. - Current is the flow of electric charge. It is measured in amps and defined as the amount of charge passing through an area per unit time. - Potential difference, measured in volts, is the work required to move a unit of charge between two points in a circuit. Kirchhoff's laws allow analysis of current and voltage in circuits.

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    This document covers key concepts in electricity and circuits including: - Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that can be positive or negative. Static electricity builds up when charges accumulate. - Current is the flow of electric charge. It is measured in amps and defined as the amount of charge passing through an area per unit time. - Potential difference, measured in volts, is the work required to move a unit of charge between two points in a circuit. Kirchhoff's laws allow analysis of current and voltage in circuits.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    37 views22 pages

    Phys

    Uploaded by

    Abdie Mahamud
    This document covers key concepts in electricity and circuits including: - Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that can be positive or negative. Static electricity builds up when charges accumulate. - Current is the flow of electric charge. It is measured in amps and defined as the amount of charge passing through an area per unit time. - Potential difference, measured in volts, is the work required to move a unit of charge between two points in a circuit. Kirchhoff's laws allow analysis of current and voltage in circuits.

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    Section 12.1 and 12.2 and 12.

    3
    Electric Charge and Electric Current and Electric Potential Difference and Kirchoffs Current and Voltage Laws

    electric charge: a basic property of matter described as negative or positive static electricity: a buildup of stationary electric charge on a substance atom: sub-microscopic particle of which all matter is made electron: negatively charged particle which moves around the nucleus of an atom proton: positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom nucleus: the central region of an atom, where protons and neutrons are found elementary charge: (e) electric charge of magnitude equal to the charge on a proton and an electron neutron: a neutral particle found in the nucleus negative ion: an atom that has at least one extra electron and is negatively charged positive ion: an atom that has lost at least one electron and is positively charged fundamental laws of electric charges: Opposite charges attract each other. Similar electric charges repel each other. Charged objects attract some neutral objects.

    Electrostatics

    Measuring Electric Charge


    Coulomb found that the magnitude of the force between two charged objects is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

    Elementary Charges
    Robert Millikan devised a technique to determine the charge on a single electron, and consequently a single proton. The charge on one electron is
    e = 1.6 1019 C,

    the charge on one proton is


    e = 1.6 1019 C.

    Finding Charge in Coulombs


    If a charged object has an excess or deficit of N electrons, each with a charge e (the elementary charge), then the total charge, Q, on the object, measured in coulombs, is given by: Q = Ne

    Sample Problem

    Electric Current
    In metals, electrons conduct electric current which have a negative charge. Consider a cylindrical wire of known crosssectional area, with a total charge Q (in coulombs) flowing through the area A in a time t (in seconds) Then the electric current I through the wire is

    Electric Current

    Sample Problem #2

    Electric Current Summary

    Electric Potential Difference


    electric potential difference: (V ) the amount of work required per unit charge to move a positive charge from one point to another in the presence of an electric field volt: (V) the SI unit for electric potential difference. 1 V = 1 J/C

    Equations for Potential Difference

    Sample Problem #3

    Circuit Diagrams

    Kirchhoffs Laws

    Try it!
    Find the missing value!

    Try Some More!


    Find the missing value!

    TRY

    TRY TRY TRY

    Time for Something Different


    TRY

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