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    GL Morphology01

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    Ljiljana Ljilja
    This document discusses morphology and word structure. It defines morphology as the analysis of word structure and identifies the main parts of speech as nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, articles, and pronouns. It distinguishes between derivational and inflectional affixes and provides examples of how they change word meaning or grammatical function. The document also lists common English inflectional morphemes and discusses affix types such as prefixes, suffixes, infixes, and confixes with examples. For homework, students are asked to define different affix types, list additional English prefixes and suffixes, and determine the word class and examples for each.

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    GL Morphology01

    Uploaded by

    Ljiljana Ljilja
    189 views18 pages
    This document discusses morphology and word structure. It defines morphology as the analysis of word structure and identifies the main parts of speech as nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, articles, and pronouns. It distinguishes between derivational and inflectional affixes and provides examples of how they change word meaning or grammatical function. The document also lists common English inflectional morphemes and discusses affix types such as prefixes, suffixes, infixes, and confixes with examples. For homework, students are asked to define different affix types, list additional English prefixes and suffixes, and determine the word class and examples for each.

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    This document discusses morphology and word structure. It defines morphology as the analysis of word structure and identifies the main parts of speech as nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, articles, and pronouns. It distinguishes between derivational and inflectional affixes and provides examples of how they change word meaning or grammatical function. The document also lists common English inflectional morphemes and discusses affix types such as prefixes, suffixes, infixes, and confixes with examples. For homework, students are asked to define different affix types, list additional English prefixes and suffixes, and determine the word class and examples for each.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    189 views18 pages

    GL Morphology01

    Uploaded by

    Ljiljana Ljilja
    This document discusses morphology and word structure. It defines morphology as the analysis of word structure and identifies the main parts of speech as nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, articles, and pronouns. It distinguishes between derivational and inflectional affixes and provides examples of how they change word meaning or grammatical function. The document also lists common English inflectional morphemes and discusses affix types such as prefixes, suffixes, infixes, and confixes with examples. For homework, students are asked to define different affix types, list additional English prefixes and suffixes, and determine the word class and examples for each.

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    You are on page 1of 18

    Morphology: The analysis of word structure

    Deny A. Kwary www.kwary.net

    Main Divisions of Word Classes (Parts of Speech):

    Content

    Words

    Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs


    Conjunctions Prepositions Articles Pronouns

    Function

    Words

    Exercise: Determine the word class of each of the following words


    a. b. c. d.

    e.
    f. g. h. i.

    betterment the him elegant inconvenience eloquently comply inasmuch as over

    a. b. c. d.

    e.
    f. g. h. i.

    Noun Article Pronoun Adjective Noun Adverb Verb Conjunction Preposition

    Word and Morpheme

    Word: the smallest free form Morpheme: the smallest meaningful unit Word simple and complex

    E.g. hunt and hunter

    Morpheme free and bound

    E.g. hunt and -er

    Question #1, p.173


    a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i.

    Fly Simple, no bm, fly Desks Complex, -s, desk Untie Complex, un-, tie Tree Simple, no bm, tree Dislike Complex, dis-, like Reuse Complex, re-, use Triumphed Complex, -ed, triumph Delight Simple, no bm, delight Justly Complex, -ly, just

    Derivation vs. Inflection (1)


    It changes the

    category and/or the type of meaning of the word, so it is said to create a new word. e.g. suffix ment in government

    It does not change

    either the grammatical category or the type of meaning found in the word. e.g. suffix s in books

    Derivation vs. Inflection (2)


    A derivational affix must combine with the base

    before an inflectional affix. = neighbourhoods

    e.g. neighbour (base) + hood (DA) + s (IA) The following combination is unacceptable: neighbour (base) + s (IA) + hood (DA) = *neighbourshood

    Derivation vs. Inflection (3)


    An inflectional affix in more productive than a

    derivational affix.

    e.g. the inflectional suffix s can combine with virtually any noun to form a plural noun.

    On the other hand,


    the derivational suffix ant can combine only with Latinate bases.

    English Inflectional Morphemes


    Nouns s plural s possessive Verbs s third person singular present ed past tense en past participle ing progressive Adjectives er comparative estsuperlative

    Inflections in other languages

    Case: in Turkish and Latin (p. 166) Tense: in Chibemba (p. 170)

    Some examples of English Derivational Morpheme

    -ic -ly -ate -ity -ship re-

    : Noun Adj : Adj Adv : Noun Verb : Adj Noun : Noun Noun : Verb Verb

    ; ; ; ; ;

    alcohol alcoholic exact exactly vaccin vaccinate active activity friend friendship

    ; cover recover

    Describe the italic affixes:


    1)

    2)
    3) 4)

    5)
    6) 7)

    impossible terrorized terrorize desks dislike humanity fastest

    1) Derivational prefix
    2) Inflectional suffix 3) Derivational suffix

    4) Inflectional suffix
    5) Derivational prefix 6) Derivational suffix

    7) Inflectional suffix

    Describe the italic affixes:


    8)
    9) 10)

    11)
    12) 13)

    14)

    premature untie darken fallen oxen faster lecturer

    8) Derivational prefix
    9) Derivational prefix 10) Derivational suffix

    11) Inflectional suffix


    12) Inflectional suffix 13) Inflectional suffix

    14) Derivational suffix

    Page 179

    Number 18 Number 19

    Affixation

    Prefix: An affix that is attached to the front of a base, e.g. re-play. Suffix: An affix that is attached to the end of a base, e.g. kind-ness. Infix: An affix that occur within a base, e.g. (in Indonesian) s-in-ambung. Confix (Circumfix/Ambifix): An affix that is attached to the front and to the end of a base simultaneously, e.g. (in Indonesian) ke-lapar-an. Interfix, simulfix, superfix, and transfix.

    Examples of English Affixes

    See

    pages 145 146.

    Homework (Group Assignment):


    The answers to be presented by each group next week (prepare a PPT file).
    1.Define and give examples of the six types of affixes: infix, confix, interfix, simulfix, superfix, dan transfix. Examples can be derived from English, Indonesian, or Arabic. 2. List English Prefixes which are NOT mentioned on page 146. Determine the word class and give two examples for each prefix.
    3. List English Suffixes which are NOT mentioned on pp. 145-146. Determine the word class and give two examples for each suffix.

    Affixation

    To

    be continued next week

    Deny A. Kwary www.kwary.net

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