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    WAVE MOTION PPT Lecture Part 1

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    xakumix
    The document discusses different types of waves including mechanical waves like transverse and longitudinal waves, and electromagnetic waves. It defines key properties of waves such as speed, frequency, wavelength, and describes how these properties relate for transverse waves on a vibrating string. Mathematical expressions are provided for sinusoidal wave functions and how to determine particle velocity and acceleration. An example problem is given about characterizing a transverse sine wave traveling along a stretched string.

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    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    WAVE MOTION PPT Lecture Part 1

    Uploaded by

    xakumix
    831 views19 pages
    The document discusses different types of waves including mechanical waves like transverse and longitudinal waves, and electromagnetic waves. It defines key properties of waves such as speed, frequency, wavelength, and describes how these properties relate for transverse waves on a vibrating string. Mathematical expressions are provided for sinusoidal wave functions and how to determine particle velocity and acceleration. An example problem is given about characterizing a transverse sine wave traveling along a stretched string.

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    WAVE MOTION Ppt Lecture Part 1

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    The document discusses different types of waves including mechanical waves like transverse and longitudinal waves, and electromagnetic waves. It defines key properties of waves such as speed, frequency, wavelength, and describes how these properties relate for transverse waves on a vibrating string. Mathematical expressions are provided for sinusoidal wave functions and how to determine particle velocity and acceleration. An example problem is given about characterizing a transverse sine wave traveling along a stretched string.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    831 views19 pages

    WAVE MOTION PPT Lecture Part 1

    Uploaded by

    xakumix
    The document discusses different types of waves including mechanical waves like transverse and longitudinal waves, and electromagnetic waves. It defines key properties of waves such as speed, frequency, wavelength, and describes how these properties relate for transverse waves on a vibrating string. Mathematical expressions are provided for sinusoidal wave functions and how to determine particle velocity and acceleration. An example problem is given about characterizing a transverse sine wave traveling along a stretched string.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19
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    The key takeaways are that there are two main types of waves - mechanical and electromagnetic waves. Mechanical waves require a medium and can be transverse or longitudinal in nature.

    The two main types of waves are mechanical waves, which require a medium, and electromagnetic waves, which do not require a medium and can propagate through empty space.

    The main properties of a wave are its speed/velocity, frequency, and wavelength.

    WAVE MOTION

    Click to edit Master subtitle style

    5/4/12

    Wave Motion- any disturbance propagated in a medium such as string, air, etc. Types of waves: 1. Mechanical waves waves that are produced in matter such as solid, liquid and gas 2. Electromagnetic waves- waves that are produced in electric and magnetic fields and can propagate even in vacuum or empty space.
    5/4/12

    Types of Mechanical Waves


    1. Transverse waves- waves which occur when the particles of the medium vibrate perpendicularly to the direction of the wave propagation.
    Ex. Waves produced on a vibrating string Illustration: A A N A
    Node, N pt. of no vibration Antinode,A- pt. of maximum vibration Direction of wave propagation

    5/4/12

    2. Longitudinal waves- waves which occur when the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of wave propagation. They are also called compressional waves. Ex. Sound wave

    Compression or Condensation- region where particles are near each other Rarefaction- the region where the particles are far apart from each other
    5/4/12

    Properties of a wave: 1. Speed or Velocity (v)- the distance traveled per unit time. (cm/sec, m/sec, ft/sec) 2. Frequency (f)- the number of similar waves which pass through a point per unit time or number of vibrations made by a particle per unit time. (vps, cps, hertz or hz) 3. Wavelength ( )- the length of one complete wave between two points 5/4/12 which are in phase. (cm, m, ft)

    Frequency of Vibrating String / Wire


    L

    Consider a vibrating string:


    wavelengt h,

    v
    A N N A N

    segment

    segment

    Velocity of Transverse Wave (for vibrating string)

    Frequen cy, f
    (stri ng)

    Velocity of Transverse Wave (for vibrating wire)

    (wir e)

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    NOTE:

    n corresponds to the nth harmonic frequency mode. nth harmonic frequency mode corresponds to the nth overtone +1 Example:

    A string vibrates in the harmonic n segment = 12 A string vibrates in the 5/4/12 overtone

    5/4/12

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    5/4/12

    Mathematical Description of a Wave


    Wave function for a sinusoidal wave
    wave function that describes the wave. This gives the displacement (from equilibrium) of any particle at any time Sinusoidal wave moving in (+) x direction Sinusoidal wave moving in (-) x direction
    als o

    Where: V - wave speed (m/s, cm/s) - angular frequency (rad/sec) k wave number - wavelength

    5/4/12

    Determining the Velocity

    Particle Velocity and Acceleration in a Sinusoidal Wave

    Determining the Acceleration (with respect to t)

    Determining the Acceleration(with respect to x)

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    5. A transverse sine wave with an amplitude of 2.50 mm and a wavelength of 1.8 m travels from left to right along a long, horizontal, stretched string with a speed of 36 m/s. Take the origin at the left of the undisturbed string. At time t= 0 the left end of the string has its maximum upward displacement. (a) What are the frequency, angular frequency and wave number of the wave? (b) What is the function y(x,t) that describes the 5/4/12

    6. One string of a guitar lies along the x-axis when in equilibrium. The end of the string at x=0 (the bridge of the guitar) is tied down. An incident sinusoidal wave travels along the string in the x direction at 143 m/s with an amplitude of 0.750 mm and a frequency of 440 Hz. This wave is reflected from the fixed end at x=0, and the superposition of the incident traveling wave and the reflected traveling wave forms a standing wave. 5/4/12

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