Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 189 views

    Capillary Electrophoresis and Capillary Electrochromatography

    Uploaded by

    sumitekprince
    The document discusses capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography. It explains that electro osmotic flow (EOF) is a potent force in CE driven by an electrical field that moves fluid through the capillary wall toward the electrode of the same charge. EOF depends on factors like buffer concentration, viscosity, temperature, and additives that decrease the surface charge. Capillary electrochromatography can separate neutral compound mixtures using similar techniques as CE.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Capillary Electrophoresis and Capillary Electrochromatography

    Uploaded by

    sumitekprince
    189 views12 pages
    The document discusses capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography. It explains that electro osmotic flow (EOF) is a potent force in CE driven by an electrical field that moves fluid through the capillary wall toward the electrode of the same charge. EOF depends on factors like buffer concentration, viscosity, temperature, and additives that decrease the surface charge. Capillary electrochromatography can separate neutral compound mixtures using similar techniques as CE.

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography. It explains that electro osmotic flow (EOF) is a potent force in CE driven by an electrical field that moves fluid through the capillary wall toward the electrode of the same charge. EOF depends on factors like buffer concentration, viscosity, temperature, and additives that decrease the surface charge. Capillary electrochromatography can separate neutral compound mixtures using similar techniques as CE.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    189 views12 pages

    Capillary Electrophoresis and Capillary Electrochromatography

    Uploaded by

    sumitekprince
    The document discusses capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography. It explains that electro osmotic flow (EOF) is a potent force in CE driven by an electrical field that moves fluid through the capillary wall toward the electrode of the same charge. EOF depends on factors like buffer concentration, viscosity, temperature, and additives that decrease the surface charge. Capillary electrochromatography can separate neutral compound mixtures using similar techniques as CE.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Capillary Electrophoresis and Capillary Electrochromatography

    By Naaimat Muhammed

    Naaimats website for Capillary Electrophoresis and Capillary Electrochromatography

    Electro Osmotic Flow

    You can't approach the subject of capillary electrophoresis without immediately running into something called EOF or Electro Osmotic Flow . EOF is a potent force in CE, and an explanation of exactly how it happens is a bit complex. Fortunately, it is quite possible to be successful with capillary electrophoresis without understanding the theory behind it .

    Here are the basic concepts


    EOF is a process that moves fluid from one end of a capillary tube to another. That is, a capillary tube can act as a pump (under the right conditions). The right conditions include an electrical field, charged particles that are free to move in solution, and fixed charges on the wall of the capillary. The pumping action is driven from the wall of the capillary. The velocity of flow drops dramatically as distance from the wall increases. This is why the phenomenon is mostly exploited in capillary tubes, where the distance from the wall to the middle of the capillary is small.

    The fluid we are most commonly pumping through the capillary is water. The water must contained charged particles (ions). They are surrounded by what is called a "hydration shell" of water molecules. Any movement in one direction would be more-or-less balanced out by movement in the opposite direction, as the charged particles each sought a region of opposite charge.

    Effects of various system changes on EOF

    Fluid driven by EOF will move toward the electrode that has the same charge as the wall of the capillary EOF depends on the capillary wall charge; anything that decreases that charge will decrease EOF. High concentration buffers will both decrease wall charge and EOF. The flow can be shown to decrease as the square root of the buffer concentration EOF decreases as viscosity increases. This is simply because it is harder to pump a thick liquid than it is to pump a thinner one. The increase in EOF than accompanies an increase in temperature is largely because of viscosity effects. The addition of organics such as methanol or acetonitrile to a CE buffer will decrease the surface charge and should decrease EOF

    EOF never goes to zero (although it can become so slow that it is negligible) because the charge on the wall of the capillary can never be fully eliminated. EOF can even be demonstrated in a buffer filled Teflon tube, because ions will adsorb to the inner surface of the tube. The surface area of the particles may be so much greater than the inner surface area of the capillary that the effect of the inner surface becomes negligible.

    EOF and theoretical titration curve

    EOF differs from pressure driven flow When pressure is applied at one end of a fluid filled tube, fluid will begin to move through the tube Because of this friction, the velocity of pressure driven flow is greatest at the center of the tube, and slowest at the walls. This is known as Parabolic or Laminar flow

    The velocity of the electroosmotic flow through a capillary is given by the Smoluchowski equation

    veof=-(ez/4ph)E Equation 1

    Equation 1

    Capillary electrochromatography
    Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is an emerging technique that can be applied to the separation of neutral compound mixtures.

    References:

    1. Jamie E. Elsila, Nathalie P. de Leon, and Richard N. Zare* Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080 2. http://www.ceandcec.com/presentation.htm 3. http://www.hbc.ukans.edu/CBAR/Electrochrom.htm 4. Lukacs, K. D. and Jorgensen, J. W. (1985) Capillary zone electrophoresis: effect of physical parameters on separation efficiency and quantitation J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Commun., 8, 407. 5. Smoluchowski, M. V. (1905) Elektrosche kataphorese. Physik. Z. 6, 529 6. Tsuda, T. (1994) Control of electroosmotic flow in capillary electrophoresis. Chapter 22 in Handbook of Capillary Electrophoresis, (J. Landers, ed.)

    You might also like