Sentiment Analysis and
Keyword Extraction
What is Sentiment Analysis?
Sentiment analysis uses natural language processing (NLP) to determine
the emotional tone in text, classifying it as positive, negative, or neutral.
Importance for App Reviews:
● Gauges customer satisfaction and user experience.
● Identifies areas for app improvement.
● Supports competitive analysis by comparing user sentiments.
Applications:
● Prioritizing feature updates based on user feedback.
● Measuring brand perception.
● Enhancing customer support strategies.
What is Keyword Extraction?
Keyword extraction identifies significant words or phrases that represent
key themes or topics in text.
Importance for App Reviews:
● Highlights common praises (e.g., "user-friendly") or complaints (e.g.,
"bugs").
● Reveals frequently mentioned features or issues.
Applications:
● Guiding app development by focusing on user-mentioned features.
● Informing marketing strategies with user-preferred terms.
● Identifying trends for product improvement.
Sentiment Analysis Methods: A Comparative Overview
Lexicon-Based:
● Description: Uses predefined word lists with sentiment scores.
● Key Features: Simple, no training data required, fast.
● Limitations: Misses context, poor handling of negation and sarcasm.
● Applications: Quick sentiment gauging, social media monitoring.
Machine Learning-Based:
● Description: Trains models (e.g., Naive Bayes, SVM) on labeled data.
● Key Features: Learns from context, adaptable to different domains.
● Limitations: Requires labeled data, risk of overfitting.
● Applications: Customer feedback analysis, detailed sentiment
classification.
Cont.
Deep Learning-Based:
● Description: Utilizes neural networks (e.g., LSTM, BERT) for advanced
context understanding.
● Key Features: High accuracy, captures complex linguistic nuances.
● Limitations: Requires large datasets and computational resources.
● Applications: Aspect-based sentiment analysis, complex text analysis.
Rule-Based:
● Description: Applies manually defined rules for sentiment
classification.
● Key Features: Transparent, no training data needed, customizable.
● Limitations: Difficult to scale, may not cover all cases.
● Applications: Specific use cases, initial prototyping.
Cont.
Method Pros Cons
Lexicon-Based Easy, fast, no training data Misses context, poor
negation handling
Machine Learning Handles context, accurate Needs labeled data,
overfitting risk
Deep Learning State-of-the-art, captures Large data, high
nuances computational cost
Rule-Based Transparent, no training Hard to scale, may miss
data cases
Table comparing VADER and TextBlob's approaches
Aspect VADER TextBlob
Score Range Compound score: -1 to Polarity score: -1 to +1
+1
Thresholds Positive ≥ 0.05, Negative No fixed thresholds, user
≤ -0.05, Neutral in interpretation
between
Design Focus Social media, informal General-purpose, formal
text and informal text
Sensitivity High, captures nuanced Lower, may miss subtle
sentiments sentiments
Empirical Basis Based on social media Based on pattern library,
datasets less domain-specific
Use Case Example Classifying X posts, app Analyzing news articles,
reviews essays
Sentiment Analysis Techniques
Lexicon-based Methods:
● TextBlob: Simple library for quick sentiment classification.
● VADER: Optimized for social media and reviews, handles emojis and
slang.
Machine Learning Methods:
● Naive Bayes: Probabilistic classifier for text data.
● SVM: Effective for high-dimensional text features.
Deep Learning Methods:
● LSTM: Captures sequential context in reviews.
● Transformers (e.g., BERT): Advanced models for nuanced sentiment
understanding.
Keyword Extraction Methods: A Comparative Overview
Frequency-Based:
● Description: Identifies most frequent words after removing stop words.
● Key Features: Simple, fast, easy to implement.
● Limitations: May include irrelevant words, no contextual understanding.
● Applications: Basic topic summarization, initial data exploration.
TF-IDF:
● Description: Weighs word importance based on frequency in document
vs. corpus.
● Key Features: Considers corpus context, highlights significant terms.
● Limitations: Statistical approach, may miss semantic meaning.
● Applications: Document summarization, SEO, topic analysis.
Cont.
Topic Modeling (LDA):
● Description: Groups words into topics based on co-occurrence patterns.
● Key Features: Uncovers hidden themes, useful for large collections.
● Limitations: Requires setting topic numbers, interpretation can be
challenging.
● Applications: Theme discovery, content categorization.
Part-of-Speech Tagging (for Nouns):
● Description: Extracts nouns as potential keywords, representing key
concepts.
● Key Features: Focuses on meaningful words, easy to implement with spaCy.
● Limitations: May include less relevant nouns, requires domain knowledge for
interpretation.
● Applications: Identifying key features or issues in app reviews.
Cont.
Method Pros Cons
Frequency-Based Simple, fast Irrelevant words, no
context
TF-IDF Considers corpus context Statistical, may miss
semantics
Topic Modeling Uncovers themes Topic number setting,
hard to interpret
POS Tagging (Nouns) Focuses on meaningful May include less relevant
words terms, needs
interpretation
Keyword Extraction Techniques
Frequency-based: Identify the most common words in reviews.
TF-IDF: Highlights words that are significant across the dataset.
Topic Modeling (LDA): Groups words into topics for deeper insights.
Applications:
● Pinpointing user pain points (e.g., "crash", "slow").
● Highlighting praised features (e.g., "intuitive", "fast").
● Guiding app updates and marketing strategies.
Reference
- Demo Notebook
- Demo Dataset
- Getting Started with Sentiment Analysis using Python
- What is Sentiment Analysis?
Any questions?
