PYTHON
LECTURE 14
Today’s Agenda
• Input Function And Math Module
In Python
• Using the input( ) Function
• Using the math module
• Different ways of importing a module
• Accepting multiple values in single line
Accepting Input In Python
To accept user input , Python provides us a
function called input ( )
Syntax:
input([prompt])
The input() function takes a single optional
argument , which is the string to be displayed on
console.
Return Value Of input( )
The input() function reads a line from keyboard
, converts the line into a string by removing the
trailing newline, and returns it.
Example 1
(Using input() without message)
print("enter your name")
name=input()
print("Hello",name)
Output:
Example 2
(Using input( ) With Message)
name=input("enter your name")
print("Hello",name)
Output:
Example 3
(Using input( ) With Message)
name=input(“Enter your full name:”)
print("Hello",name)
Output:
Accepting Integer Input
By default the function input( ) returns the
inputted value as a string
So , even if we input a numeric value , still Python
considers it to be string
Accepting Integer Input
To understand this behavior , consider the
following code:
a=input("enter a number\n")
b=a+1
print(b)
Output:
Accepting Integer Input
To solve this , we can use Type Conversion
Functions in Python , for converting a given value
from string to other type.
For example , in the previous code , we can use the
function int( ) to convert string value to
integer
Accepting Integer Input
a=input("enter a number\n")
b=int(a)+1
print(b)
OR
a=int(input("enter a number\n")
b=a+1
print(b)
Accepting Float And Bool
For converting input values to float and boolean
we can call float( ) and bool( ) functions
Example:
s=input("enter your percentage\n")
per=float(s)
print(per)
OR
s=input(“Delete the file ?(yes-True,no-False)")
ans=bool(s)
print(ans)
Exercise
WAP to accept two numbers from the user
and display their sum
Code:
a=int(input("Enter first num:"))
b=int(input("Enter secnd num:"))
c=a+b
print("Nos are",a,"and",b)
print("Their sum is",c)
Exercise
Can you write the previous code in one line
only ?
Code:
print("Their sum is",int(input("Enter first
num:"))+int(input("Enter secnd num:")))
Exercise
WAP to accept radius of a Circle from the user
and calculate area and circumference.
Code:
radius=float(input("Enter radius:"))
area=3.14*radius**2
circum=2*3.14*radius
print("Area is",area)
print("Circumference is",circum)
Exploring More About
math Module
We have already discussed that Python has a
module called math .
This module helps us perform mathematical
calculations
It contains several mathematical constants and
functions
Exploring More About
math Module
Following are some important functions :
math.factorial(x)
math.floor(x)
math.ceil(x)
math.gcd(a, b)
math.pow(x,y)
math.sqrt(x)
Following are it’s important mathematical constants:
math.pi : The mathematical constant π =
3.141592…
math.e: The mathematical constant e = 2.718281…,
math.tau: Tau is a circle constant equal to 2π
Modified Version Of Previous
Code Using math Module
Code:
import math
radius=float(input("Enter radius:"))
area=math.pi*math.pow(radius,2)
circum=math.tau*radius
print("Area is",area)
print("Circumference is",circum)
Second Way To Import
A Module
We can use aliasing for module names
To do this , Python provides us as keyword
Syntax:
import modname as newname
This helps us to use short names for modules and
make them more easy to use
Using as Keyword
Code
import platform as p
print(p.system())
Second Way Of Writing Previous
Code Using math Module
Code:
import math as m
radius=float(input("Enter radius:"))
area=m.pi*m.pow(radius,2)
circum=m.tau*radius
print("Area is",area)
print("Circumference is",circum)
Third Way To Import A Module
We can also import specific members of a module
To do this , Python provides us from keyword
Syntax:
from modname import name1[, name2[, ... nameN]]
In this way we will not have to prefix the module
name before the member name while accessing it
Using from Keyword
Code
from sys import getsizeof
a=10
b=“hello”
print(getsizeof(a))
print(getsizeof(b))
Third Way Of Writing Previous
Code Using math Module
Code:
from math import pi,tau,pow
radius=float(input("Enter radius:"))
area=pi*pow(radius,2)
circum=tau*radius
print("Area is",area)
print("Circumference is",circum)
Fourth Way To Import A Module
It is also possible to import all names from a
module into the current file by using the wildcard
character *
Syntax:
from modname import *
This provides an easy way to import all the
members from a module into the current file
Using WildCard Character
Code
from sys import *
a=10
b=“hello”
print(getsizeof(a))
print(getsizeof(b))
Fourth Way Of Writing Previous
Code Using math Module
Code:
from math import *
radius=float(input("Enter radius:"))
area=pi*pow(radius,2)
circum=tau*radius
print("Area is",area)
print("Circumference is",circum)
How To List
All Members Of A Module
In Python , we can print members of a module in
the Python Shell window
This can be done in 2 ways:
By calling the dir( ) function passing it the
module name
By calling the help( ) function passing it the
module name
Using dir( )
The dir( ) function accepts the name of a module
as argument and returns a list of all it’s
members.
However the module must be imported before
passing it to the dir( ) function
Using help( )
The help( ) function accepts the name of a
module as argument and displays complete
documentation of all the members of the
module
Here also , module must be imported before using
it.
Accepting Different Values
WAP to accept roll number , grade and
percentage as input from the user and display
it back
Code
roll=int(input("Enter roll no:"))
name=input("Enter name:");
per=float(input("Enter per:"))
print("Roll no is",roll)
print("Name is",name)
print("Per is",per)
Exercise
Write a program that asks the user to enter
his/her name and age. Print out a message ,
displaying the user’s name along with the
year in which they will turn 100 years old.
Hint: Use the module datetime to get the current year
Accepting Multiple Values
In One Line
In Python , the input( ) function can read and
return a complete line of input as a string.
However , we can split this input string into
individual values by using the function split( )
available in the class str
The function split( ) , breaks a string into
multiple strings by using space as a separator
Accepting Multiple Values
In One Line
To understand , working of split( ) , consider the
following example:
text=“I Love Python”
word1,word2,word3=text.split()
print(word1)
print(word2)
print(word3)
Output:
I
Love
Python
Accepting Multiple
Values In One Line
text=input(“Type a 3 word message”)
word1,word2,word3=text.split()
print(“First word”,word1)
print(“Secnd word”,word2)
print(“Third word”,word3)
Output:
An Important Point!
The number of variables on left of assignment
operator and number of values generated by
split() must be the same
Exercise
Write a program that asks the user to input 2
integers and adds them . Accept both the
numbers in a single line only
Solution
Code:
s=input("Enter 2 numbers:")
a,b=s.split()
print("First number is",a);
print("Second number is",b)
c=int(a)+int(b)
print("Their sum is",c)
Accepting Multiple
Values Separated With ,
By default split( ) function considers , space as a
separator
However , we can use any other symbol also as a
separator if we pass that symbol as argument
to split( ) function
For example , if we use comma , as a separator
then we can provide comma separated input
Example
Code:
s=input("Enter 2 numbers separated with
comma:")
a,b=s.split(",")
print("First number is",a);
print("Second number is",b)
c=int(a)+int(b)
print("Their sum is",c)
Accepting Different Values
In One Line
Code:
s=input("Enter roll no,name and per:")
roll,name,per=s.split()
print("Roll no is",roll)
print("Name is",name)
print("Per is",per)
