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The Professional Trainer

The document discusses hydro-pneumatic systems which combine hydraulics and pneumatics. It describes how an air cylinder can provide thrust while a connected hydraulic check unit steadies movement. Common hydro-pneumatic components include air-oil reservoirs, hydraulic check units, and air-hydraulic intensifiers. Intensifiers use compressed air to generate high pressure hydraulics without a pump. Hydro-pneumatic systems offer advantages like precision, low cost, and suitable control for machine tool feed movements.

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ctznbabu
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30 views

The Professional Trainer

The document discusses hydro-pneumatic systems which combine hydraulics and pneumatics. It describes how an air cylinder can provide thrust while a connected hydraulic check unit steadies movement. Common hydro-pneumatic components include air-oil reservoirs, hydraulic check units, and air-hydraulic intensifiers. Intensifiers use compressed air to generate high pressure hydraulics without a pump. Hydro-pneumatic systems offer advantages like precision, low cost, and suitable control for machine tool feed movements.

Uploaded by

ctznbabu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction:
Due to compressibility of air the pneumatic actuators are not suitable for finer movement of machine tool elements, therefore for feed motion in the machine tools, pneumatics is not used at all. Use of hydraulics in such cases is normally the accepted practice, but use of hydraulics against pneumatics should have to be justified economically especially in the light of overall fastness and quickness of pneumatics.
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Introduction

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In above situation confronted with accuracy and economics, it has found that a combination of hydraulics and pneumatics provide a good solution. The basic of such solution is the employment of an air cylinder to provide the thrust required with the movement steadied by an elementary hydraulic check unit connected to the moving part. The machine element involved in such a system is normally an associated pair of cylinders . Pneumatic cylinder serves as a power unit and the hydraulic cylinder serves as a check unit the combined unit is called hydropneumatics

Hydro-pneumatics
Its the combination of hydraulics and pneumatics. Air oil reservoir, hydraulic check unit and air hydraulic intensifier are very often used hydro pneumatic components. Types of hydro-pneumatic system: Air-oil reservoir Hydraulic check unit Air-hydraulic intensifier
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Advantages
System rigidity is good Simple maintenance Control of cylinder stroke easily attainable and precise No hydraulic pump is required small reservoir is sufficient Uses air as a operating fluid with oil as a check medium High speed possible Very low operating cost. Weight to power ratio is large. Suitable for feed movement in machine tool application. THE PROFESSIONAL
TRAINER

Air-0il Reservoir
In an air-oil reservoir, a given air pressure is converted to an identical hydraulic pressure. It is made of a cylinder and a piston which separates the space containing air from that containing oil. When air pressure is applied into the piston, it moves displacing an equal volume of oil at a force equal to the area pressure. Oil is practically incompressible and therefore it is suitable for performing the motion at regulated and smooth speed
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Feed:

The movement of the tool relative to the work is termed as feed. Feed is expressed in millimeter per revolution Increased feed reduces cutting time, but increased feed greatly reduces the tool life The feed depends on factors such as size, shape, strength and method of holding. The lathe tool may have three type of feed Longitudinal Cross Angular THE PROFESSIONAL
TRAINER

Types of feed
Longitudinal feed when the tool moves parallel to the lathe axis the movement is termed as longitudinal feed Cross feed when the tool moves at right angle to the lathe axis with the help of cross slide the movement is termed as cross feed. Angular feed while the movement of the tool by compound slide when it is swiveled at an angle to the lathe axis is termed as angular THE PROFESSIONAL feed. TRAINER

Types of feed
The following are the usual types of feed provided by simple basic circuits in a hydro-pneumatic system Controlled speed in both direction(via two preset regulator valve) Speed control of feed on the outgoing stroke. Fast approach with controlled feed with controlled or fast return as required. Fast approach with slow return.
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Intensifier
Compressed air can be used as a source of high pressure hydraulic by employing an intensifier cylinder This can be particularly attractive where the elimination of a hydraulic pump is desirable and relatively low flow rates are required on the hydraulic side. The working principle involves in feeding compressed air to the blind end of the intensifier cylinder comprising the air side
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Intensifier
Forward moment of the piston rod now produces a plunger action in the smaller end of the intensifier forcing oil under pressure from the end of the intensifier. A typical intensifier ratio would be 10:1
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Function Of Accumulator

Energy storage for economizing the drive power Emergency power source Compensation for leakage losses Dampening of shocks and vibrations Volume compensation In case of pressure variation Suspension element in vehicles
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Compensation for large flow variation

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Maintaining constant pressure

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