C Programming: Foundations and
Applications
• Presented by: [Your Full Name]
• Department of Computer Science &
Engineering
• [University Name]
• Date: [DD/MM/YYYY]
Session Objectives
• • Examine the origin and evolution of the C
programming language
• • Understand the structure of a basic C
program
• • Analyze core programming constructs
including variables, control statements,
functions, and arrays
• • Discuss the importance and relevance of C in
modern computing systems
Introduction to C Programming
• • General-purpose, procedural programming
language
• • Developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at Bell
Labs
• • Serves as the foundation for languages like
C++, Java, and Objective-C
• • Noted for efficiency, portability, and close-
to-hardware performance
The Relevance of C Today
• • Dominates embedded systems and
operating system development
• • Enables high-performance computing
• • Provides deep control over memory and
system resources
• • Forms the basis for understanding other
programming paradigms
Structure of a C Program
• #include <stdio.h>
• int main() {
• printf("Hello, World!\n");
• return 0;
• }
Compilation and Execution
• 1. **Preprocessing**: Handles directives (e.g.,
#include)
• 2. **Compilation**: Converts code to
assembly
• 3. **Assembly**: Generates machine code
• 4. **Linking**: Resolves references and
produces the final executable
Variables and Data Types in C
• • Common data types: int, float, double, char
• • Declaration and Initialization:
• int count = 10;
• float avg = 85.6;
• char grade = 'A';
Operators in C
• • Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %
• • Relational: ==, !=, <, >
• • Logical: &&, ||, !
• • Bitwise and Assignment operators
Control Flow Mechanisms
• • Conditional: if, if-else, switch
• • Loops: for, while, do-while
• Example:
• for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
• printf("%d ", i);
• }
Function Definition and Usage
• • Modular design via functions
• • Example:
• int sum(int a, int b) {
• return a + b;
• }
• • Functions promote reusability and
abstraction
Array Structures
• • Fixed-size data structures of similar type
• • Example: int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
• • Access via index notation: arr[0], arr[1], ...
Introduction to Pointers
• • Pointers store memory addresses
• • Syntax:
• int x = 10;
• int *ptr = &x;
• • Critical for dynamic memory and data
structures
Comparison with Other Languages
• | Feature |C | Python | Java |
• |-----------------|----------|-----------|------------|
• | Performance | High | Moderate |
Moderate |
• | Memory Control | Manual | Automatic |
Automatic |
• | Use Case | Systems | Scripting |
Enterprise |
Live Demonstration (Optional)
• • Execute a basic calculator or menu-based
system in C
• • Showcase input/output, control logic, and
modular functions
Key Takeaways
• • C is a powerful language for system-level
programming
• • Offers essential programming constructs for
deeper understanding
• • Serves as a stepping stone to advanced
languages and concepts
Interactive Session & Q/A
• • Clarify doubts related to syntax, logic, and
structure
• • Encourage discussion on applications and C-
related tools
Thank You
• For further correspondence:
• [Your Email Address]
• “C teaches you how to think like a machine.”
