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Linux Programming Lab - Ch01

The document provides an introduction to Linux, emphasizing its widespread presence and demand for Linux skills across various industries. It explains that Linux is a combination of the GNU software and the Linux kernel, originating from UNIX, and highlights its open-source nature. Additionally, it discusses the existence of various Linux distributions tailored for different purposes and contrasts the command line interface (CLI) with the graphical user interface (GUI).

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Oussamah NIYITANGA
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1 views7 pages

Linux Programming Lab - Ch01

The document provides an introduction to Linux, emphasizing its widespread presence and demand for Linux skills across various industries. It explains that Linux is a combination of the GNU software and the Linux kernel, originating from UNIX, and highlights its open-source nature. Additionally, it discusses the existence of various Linux distributions tailored for different purposes and contrasts the command line interface (CLI) with the graphical user interface (GUI).

Uploaded by

Oussamah NIYITANGA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linux Lab Programming

Module 1
Introduction to Linux

Jean Paul NIZEYIMANA


Linux is Everywhere!
● Linux is everywhere, Linux jobs are everywhere, there is a shortage of Linux
talent, and, Linux skills are in demand in just about every industry and job
category on the planet.
Linux is a Kernel
● Linux means the kernel of the system, which is the central controller of
everything that happens on the computer.

● Linux is a combination of software called GNU/Linux, which defines the


operating system.
○ GNU is the free software that provides open source equivalents of many common
UNIX commands.
○ The Linux part of this combination is the Linux kernel, which is the core of the
operating system.

● The story of Linux begins with UNIX, an operating system developed at AT&T
Bell Labs in the 1970s.
● UNIX is written in the C language.
Linux is a Kernel
● Linux started in 1991 as a hobby project by Linus Torvalds, a Finnish born
computer scientist studying at the University of Helsinki.

● The GNU Project was developed Linux by Richard Stallman in 1983.

● Linux programmers were able to incorporate the GNU tools to provide a


complete operating system.
Linux is Open Source
● Historically, most software has been issued under a closed-source license.

● This means that you get the right to use the executable program or machine
code, but cannot see the source code.

● The development of Linux closely parallels the rise of open source software.

● The open source philosophy is that you have a right to obtain the software
source code and to modify it for your own use.
Linux Has Distributions
● A distribution refers to the Linux kernel, tools, and suite of applications that
come bundled together.

● Take Linux and the GNU tools, add some user-facing applications like a web
browser and an email client, and you have a full Linux system.

● There are distributions suited to every imaginable purpose.

● There are distributions that focus on running servers, desktops, or even


industry-specific tools like electronics design or statistical computing.
Linux Embraces the CLI
● There are two basic types of interfaces available that allow you to interact
with the operating system.

● The typical computer user today is most familiar with a graphical user
interface (GUI).

○ In a GUI, applications present themselves in windows that can be resized and


moved around.

○ There are menus and tools to help users navigate.

● The second type of interface is the command line interface (CLI), a text-
based interface to the computer.
○ The CLI relies primarily on keyboard input.

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