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PIT Intro

The document outlines the fundamentals of information technology, detailing the structure of computer systems, including their characteristics such as speed, accuracy, and versatility. It describes the block diagram of a computer, highlighting components like the input unit, output unit, and CPU. Additionally, it explains the primary functions of input units in processing data and information.

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0 views10 pages

PIT Intro

The document outlines the fundamentals of information technology, detailing the structure of computer systems, including their characteristics such as speed, accuracy, and versatility. It describes the block diagram of a computer, highlighting components like the input unit, output unit, and CPU. Additionally, it explains the primary functions of input units in processing data and information.

Uploaded by

gnana.svga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fundamentals of

Information Technology
Mark Allocation
• External: 75 Internal -25
Part A
5 * 2 =10 marks ( 2 questions 4 marks from each unit )
Part B either A or B ( 2 questions A or B from each unit so 5 marks)
5*5 =25 marks
Part C any 3 out of 5 ( 1 question from each unit so 10 marks)
3 * 10 =30 marks
From each units:
4 + 5 + 10 =19 marks
Unit 1
Introduction to Computers: Introduction, Definition, Characteristic of
Computers, Evolution of Computer, Block diagram of a computer,
Generations of Computer, Classification of Computers, Application of
Computer, Capabilities and limitation of computer
Computer -Introduction
• A computer is a machine used to manipulate data or information and

perform mathematical and logical operations.

• Modern computers perform a wide range of tasks, store retrieve, and

process information.

• Using a computer, we can create/modify documents, send/receive emails,

browse information on the internet, and play video games


Characteristics of Computer System
Speed
• A computer works with much higher speed and accuracy compared to
humans while performing mathematical calculations. Computers can process
millions (1,000,000) of instructions per second. The time taken by computers
for their operations is microseconds and nanoseconds.
Accuracy
• Computers perform calculations with 100% accuracy. Errors may occur due
to data inconsistency or inaccuracy.
Diligence
• A computer can perform millions of tasks or calculations with the same
consistency and accuracy. It doesn‘t feel any fatigue or lack of concentration.
Its memory also makes it superior to that of human beings.
Characteristics of Computer System
• Versatility
Versatility refers to the capability of a computer to perform different kinds
of works with same accuracy and efficiency.
Reliability
• A computer is reliable as it gives consistent result for similar set of data i.e., if
we give same set of input any number of times, we will get the same result.
Storage
• A computer has built-in memory called primary memory where it stores data.
Secondary storage are removable devices such as CDs, pen drives, etc., which
are also used to store data.
Block Diagram of Computer
• A block diagram of computer system shows you a structural representation of the computer s.
It provides a framework for understanding how different components of a computer work
together to process data and produce results.
• Input Unit
• Output Unit
• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• o Control Unit (CU)
• o Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
• o Memory Unit
•  Primary memory
•  Secondary memory
Input Unit
• The computer requires the input unit to receive data and information and
then use it to solve problems.

• The user provides the computer with data and information.

• With the use of input devices, we give data and information input. The input
unit is made up of a variety of input devices. Some input devices are a
keyboard, mouse,microphone, scanner, etc.
Primary Function of Input Units

•  With the use of input devices, collect data from the user.

•  Convert the data from electrical signals to computer-readable


machine language.

•  Instruct the CPU to receive data from the input devices.

•  Provide the transformed data to the CPU through the memory unit
for further processing.

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