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Week 11 - Implementation - Coding Principles

The document covers coding standards and principles essential for effective software development, emphasizing the importance of consistency, readability, and maintainability in code. Key programming principles include KISS, DRY, and the Single Responsibility Principle, alongside best practices for naming conventions and identifying code smells. The lecture aims to equip learners with the ability to discuss these standards and their benefits by the end of the session.

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mukundad720
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1 views19 pages

Week 11 - Implementation - Coding Principles

The document covers coding standards and principles essential for effective software development, emphasizing the importance of consistency, readability, and maintainability in code. Key programming principles include KISS, DRY, and the Single Responsibility Principle, alongside best practices for naming conventions and identifying code smells. The lecture aims to equip learners with the ability to discuss these standards and their benefits by the end of the session.

Uploaded by

mukundad720
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

Systems Analysis and Design

CT026-3-1

Coding Standards and Principles


Topic & Structure of The
Lesson
• Implementation
– Coding Standards
– Principles of Good Programming

CT026-3-1 Systems Analysis and Design Coding Standards and Principles Page 2 of 19
Learning Outcomes

• By the end of this lecture, YOU


should be able to :
• Discuss Coding Standards and
Principles
• Discuss benefits of coding standards
• Discuss good programming practices

CT026-3-1 Systems Analysis and Design Coding Standards and Principles Page 3 of 19
Key Terms you must be able to use

• If you have mastered this topic, you should


be able to use the following terms correctly
in your assignments and exams:
– Coding best practices
– Variable naming
– Maintainable code
– Bad smells
– Refactoring

CT026-3-1 Systems Analysis and Design Coding Standards and Principles Page 4 of 19
Coding Standards

• Code not only needs to do its job well, but


must also be easy to add to, maintain and
debug.
• Needing to make changes to code could require
a lot of energy to decipher lines of code that
doesn’t make its purpose or intentions clear.
• Neatly commented with details that explain any
complicated constructs and the reasoning
behind them.

CT026-3-1 Systems Analysis and Design Coding Standards and Principles Page 5 of 19
Coding Standards

• A coding standards document tells


developers how they must write their code.
• Avoid each developer coding in their own
preferred style
• Large project is coded in a consistent style
– parts are not written differently by different
programmers.

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Why do we need coding
standards?
• Consistent look
• Improve readability
• Simplifies copying, editing and
maintenance
• Company wide standardization

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Principles of Good Programming

• KISS – Keep It Short and Simple


• DRY - Don’t Repeat Yourself
• Abstraction - Each significant piece of
functionality in a program should be
implemented in just one place in the source
code
• Open/Closed Principle - Software entities
(classes, modules, functions, etc.) should be
open for extension, but closed for modification.
– don't write classes that people can modify, write
classes that people can extend
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Principles of Good Programming

• Single Responsibility Principle - A component of


code (e.g. class or function) should perform a
single well defined task.

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Principles of Good Programming

• Minimize Coupling - Any section of code (code


block, function, class, etc) should minimize the
dependencies on other areas of code.
– using shared variables as little as possible.
• Maximize Cohesion - Code that has similar
functionality should be found within the same
component

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Naming Conventions

• No abbreviations
– OnButtonClick vs OnBtnClk
• Meaningful names
– Intention revealing
• int t; //Time to complete single lap
• int singleLapTime;

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Naming Conventions

Variable Names: Variable names should be in all lowercase, with


words separated by an underscore, example:

Incorrect:
$currentuser
$currentUser

Correct:
$current_user

Names should be descriptive, but concise. We don't want huge


sentences as our variable names, but typing an extra couple of
characters is always better than wondering what exactly a certain
variable is for.

CT026-3-1 Systems Analysis and Design Coding Standards and Principles Page 12 of 19
Loop Indices

for ($i = 0; $i < $outer_size; $i++)


{
for ($j = 0; $j < $inner_size; $j++)
{
foo($i, $j);
}
}

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Code Smells

• Duplicated code
• Large classes
• Long methods
• Long parameter list

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Refactoring

• improve your software internal structure in a safe way


while not changing / adding / removing behavior or
external interfaces.

• +readable code, +simplified code, +easier to change,


+easier to add new value, +reduced redundancy, advices
how to go on to keep-improve software, and last but not
least +automatic tests.

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Quick Review Question

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Summary of Main Teaching Points

• Input Design
– Coding Standards
– Principles of Good Programming

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Question and Answer
Session

Q&A

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What we will cover next

• Implementation
– Types of testing
– Test plan

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