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Final Java Script

The document provides an overview of JavaScript, including its definition, advantages, limitations, and basic syntax. It covers topics such as client-side JavaScript, data types, variables, functions, and how to display output. Additionally, it explains JavaScript objects and their properties, emphasizing the dynamic and object-based nature of the language.

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taskmaster37742
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7 views92 pages

Final Java Script

The document provides an overview of JavaScript, including its definition, advantages, limitations, and basic syntax. It covers topics such as client-side JavaScript, data types, variables, functions, and how to display output. Additionally, it explains JavaScript objects and their properties, emphasizing the dynamic and object-based nature of the language.

Uploaded by

taskmaster37742
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 92

JavaScript

By Sangita M. Jaybhaye
JavaScript in External File
• HTML File
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="filename.js" >
</script>
</head>
<body> ....... </body>
</html>

• JavaScript File – filename.js


function sayHello()
{ alert("Hello World") }
What is Java Script?
• dynamic computer programming
language.
• lightweight and most commonly used
as a part of web pages.
• It is an interpreted programming
language with object-oriented
capabilities.
Client-side Java Script
• Client-side JavaScript is the most common
form of the language.
• The script should be included in or
referenced by an HTML document for the
code to be interpreted by the browser.
• For example, you might use JavaScript to
check if the user has entered a valid e-mail
address in a form field.
Advantages of Java Script
• Less server interaction: You can validate user
input before sending the page off to the
server. This saves server traffi c, which means
• less load on your server.
Immediate feedback to the visitors:
They don't have to wait f or a page reload
• t o see if t hey have forgott en t o enter
something.
Increased interactivity: You can create
• interfaces that react when the user hovers
over them with a mouse or activates them
via the keyboard.
Richer interfaces: You can use JavaScript to
include such items as drag-and-drop
Limitations of JavaScript
• We cannot treat JavaScript as a full-fledged
programming language. It lacks the following
important features:
– Client-side JavaScript does not allow the
reading or writing of files. This has
been kept for security reason.
– JavaScript cannot be used for
networking applications because
there is no such support available.
– JavaScript doesn't have any
multithreading or
multiprocessor capabilities.
Hello World
<html>
<body>
<script language="javascript"
type="text/javascript"> document.write
("Hello World!")
</script>
</body>
</html>
White spaces and lines
breaks
• JavaScript ignores spaces, tabs, and
newlines that appear in JavaScript
programs.
• You can use spaces, tabs, and newlines freely in
your program and you are free to format and
indent your programs in a neat and
consistent way t hat makes t he code easy to
read and understand.
Semicolons are optional
• JavaScript, however, allows you to omit this
semicolon if each of your statements are
placed on a separate line.
For example, the following code could be
written without semicolons.
• <script language="javascript"
type="text/javascript"> var1 = 10
var2 = 20
</script>
Semicolons are optional
• When format t ed in a single line as follows,
you must use semicolons:
<script language="javascript"
type="text/javascript"> var1 = 10;
var2 = 20;
</script>

• Note: It is a good programming


practice to use semicolons.
Case sensitivity
• JavaScript is a case-sensitive language. So
t he identifiers Time and TIME will convey
diff erent meanings in JavaScript.
• NOTE: Care should be taken while
writing variable and function
names in JavaScript.
Comments
• JavaScript supports both C-style and C++-style
comments. Thus:
– Any text between a / / and the end of a line is
treated as a comment and is ignored by JavaScript.
– Any text between the characters / * and */ is
treated as a comment. This may span multiple
lines.
Placement of Java Script
• There is a flexibility given t o include JavaScript
code anywhere in an HTML document. However
the most preferred ways to include JavaScript in
an HTML file are as follows:
– Script in <head>...</head> section.
– Script in <body>...</body> section.
– Script in <body>...</body> and
<head>...</head> sections.
– Script in an external file and then include in
<head>...</head> section.
Data Types
JavaScript allows you to work with three primitive
data types:
– Numbers, e.g., 123, 120.50 etc.

• – Strings of text, e.g. "This text string" etc.


– Boolean, e.g. true or false.

1.<script>
2.var x = 10;
•
3.var y = 20;
4.var z=x+y;
5.document.write(z);
6.</script>
JavaScript Variables
• Variables are declared with the var keyword
E.g
• 4 Ways to Declare a JavaScript Variable:
• Using var
• Using let
• Using const
• Using nothing

• What are Variables?


• Variables are containers for storing data (storing data values).
• In this example, x, y, and z, are variables, declared with the var keyword:var x = 5;
• var y = 6;
• var z = x + y; In this example, x, y, and z, are variables, declared with the let keyword:
• Example
• let x = 5;
• let y = 6;
• let z = x + y;
Local Variables
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html> Output :
JavaScript
<body>
Operators
<h2>JavaScript Operators</h2> x = 5, y = 2,
<p>x = 5, y = 2, calculate z = x + y, and display z:</p> calculate z = x +
<p id="demo"></p> y, and display z:
<script> 7
let x = 5;
let y = 2;
let z = x + y;
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = z;
</script>
</body>
</html>
1.<script>
2.function abc(){
Variables
3.var x=10;//local variable
4.} 1.<script>
5.</script> 2.var data=200;//gloabal variable
3.function a(){
1.If(10<13){ 4.document.writeln(data);
2.var y=20;// 5.}
JavaScript local variable 6.function b(){
3.} 7.document.writeln(data);
4.</script> 8.}
9.a();//calling JavaScript function
10.b();
1.<script>
11.</script>
2.var value=50;//global variable
3.function a(){
4.alert(value);
5.}
6.function b(){
7.alert(value);
8.}
9.</script>
Data Types
JavaScript provides different data types to hold different
types of values. There are two types of data types in
JavaScript.
1.Primitive data type
2.Non-primitive (reference) data type

JavaScript is a dynamic type language, means you don't


need to specify type of the variable because it is
dynamically
Data Type used by JavaScript engine.
Description
String represents sequence of
characters e.g. "hello"
Number represents numeric values
e.g. 100
Boolean represents boolean value
either false or true
Undefined represents undefined value
Null represents null i.e. no value
JavaScript non-primitive data
types

Data Type Description


Object represents instance
through which we can
access members
Array represents group of similar
values
RegExp represents regular
expression
Operator
• Arithmetic
• Operators
• Comparison
• Operators
• Logical (or Relational)
Operators Assignment
Operators
Conditional (or ternary)
Operators
JavaScript Functions
• JavaScript functions are used to
perform operations. We can call
JavaScript function many times to
reuse the code.
• Advantage of JavaScript function
• There are mainly two advantages
• of JavaScript functions.
1.Code reusability: We can call a
function several times so it save
coding.
2.Less coding: It makes our program
compact. We don’t need to write
many lines of code each time to
perform a common task.1.function functionName([arg1, arg2, ...a
rgN]){
2. //code to be executed
3.}
JavaScript Function
Example
1.<script>
2.function msg(){
3.alert("hello! this is message");
4.}
5.</script>
6.<input type="button" onclick="msg()" value="c
all function"/>
JavaScript Function
Arguments
1.<script>
2.function getcube(number){
3.alert(number*number*number);
4.}
5.</script>
6.<form>
7.<input type="button" value="click" onclick="ge
tcube(4)"/>
8.</form>
Function with Return
Value
1.<script>
2.function getInfo(){
3.return "hello javatpoint! How r u?";
4.}
5.</script>
6.<script>
7.document.write(getInfo());
8.</script>
Example 1.
1. <script>
2. var add=new Function("num1","num2","return num1+
num2");
3. document.writeln(add(2,5));
4. </script>

• Example 2
1. <script>
2. var pow=new Function("num1","num2","return Math.p
ow(num1,num2)");
3. document.writeln(pow(2,3));
4. </script>
JavaScript Functions
• A JavaScript function is a block of code designed to perform a
particular task.
• A JavaScript function is executed when "something" invokes it (calls
it).

<!DOCTYPE html>
Output:
<html>
<body>
JavaScript Functions
<h2>JavaScript Functions</h2> This example calls a
<p>This example calls a function which performs a calculation, and function which
returns the result:</p> performs a
<p id="demo"></p> calculation, and
<script> returns the result:
function myFunction(p1, p2) {
return p1 * p2;
12
}
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = myFunction(4, 3);
</script>
</body>
</html>
JavaScript Output
• JavaScript Display Possibilities
• JavaScript can "display" data in different ways:

1. Writing into an HTML element, using innerHTML.


2. Writing into the HTML output using document.write().
3. Writing into an alert box, using window.alert().
4. Writing into the browser console, using console.log().
1.Using innerHTML
• To access an HTML element, JavaScript can use the
document.getElementById(id) method.
• The id attribute defines the HTML element. The innerHTML property defi
nes the HTML content:
• <!DOCTYPE html>
• <html>
• <body>
• <h2>My First Web Page</h2>
• <p>My First Paragraph.</p>
• <p id="demo"></p>
• <script>
• document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = 5 + 6;
• </script>
• </body>
• </html>
2.Using document.write()
• For testing purposes, it is convenient to use document.write():
• <!DOCTYPE html>
• <html>
• <body>
• <h2>My First Web Page</h2>
• <p>My first paragraph.</p>
• <p>Never call document.write after the document has finished loading.
• It will overwrite the whole document.</p>
• <script>
• document.write(5 + 6);
• </script>
• </body>
• </html>

• Using document.write() after an HTML document is loaded, will delete all existing
HTML:
• <!DOCTYPE html>
• <html>
• <body>
• <h1>My First Web Page</h1>
• <p>My first paragraph.</p>
• <button type="button" onclick="document.write(5 + 6)">Try
it</button>
• </body>
• </html>
• The document.write() method should only
be used for testing.
• <!DOCTYPE html>
• <html>
• <body>
• <h2>My First Web Page</h2>
• <p>My first paragraph.</p>
• <script>
• alert(5 + 6);
• </script>
• </body>
• </html>
Using console.log()
• For debugging purposes, you can call the console.log() method in the
browser to display data.
• <!DOCTYPE html>
• <html>
• <body>
• <h2>Activate Debugging</h2>
• <p>F12 on your keyboard will activate debugging.</p>
• <p>Then select "Console" in the debugger menu.</p>
• <p>Then click Run again.</p>
• <script>
• console.log(5 + 6);
• </script>
• </body>
• </html>
Standard Popup Boxes
• Alert box with text and [OK] button
• Just a message shown in a dialog box:
alert("Some text here");

• Confirmation box
• Contains text, [OK] button and [Cancel] button:
confirm("Are you sure?");

• Prompt box
• Contains text, input field with default value:

prompt ("enter amount", 10); 33


JavaScript Variables
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--
var name = "Ali";
var money;
money = 2000.50;
//-->
</script>
Sum of Numbers – Example
sum-of-
numbers.html
<html>

<head>
<title>JavaScript Demo</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function calcSum() {
value1 =

parseInt(document.mainForm.textBox1.value);
value2 =

parseInt(document.mainForm.textBox2.value);
sum = value1 + value2;
document.mainForm.textBoxSum.value = sum; 35
}
</script>
</head>
Sum of Numbers – Example (2)
sum-of-numbers.html
(cont.)
<body>
<form name="mainForm">
<input type="text" name="textBox1" />
<br/>
<input type="text" name="textBox2" />
<br/>
<input type="button" value="Process"
onclick="javascript: calcSum()" />
<input type="text" name="textBoxSum"
readonly="readonly"/>
</form>
</body>
36
</html>
JavaScript Objects
• A javaScript object is an entity having state and behavior
(properties and method).
• For example: car, pen, bike, chair, glass, keyboard, monitor
etc.
• JavaScript is an object-based language. Everything is an
object in JavaScript.
• JavaScript is template based not class based. Here, we don't
create class to get the object. But, we direct create objects.

• JavaScript Objects
• JavaScript variables are containers for data values.
• This code assigns a simple value (Fiat) to a variable named car:
• let car = "Fiat";
• Objects are variables too. But objects can contain many values.
• This code assigns many values (Fiat, 500, white) to a variable named car:
• const car = {type:"Fiat", model:"500", color:"white"};
JavaScript Objects
• The values are written as name:value pairs (name and value
separated by a colon).

• It is a common practice to declare objects with the const keyword


• Object Definition
• You define (and create) a JavaScript object with an object literal:
• Example
• const person = {firstName:"John", lastName:"Doe", age:50, eyeColor:"blue"};
• Spaces and line breaks are not important. An object definition can span multiple lines:

• Example
• const person = {
• firstName: "John",
• lastName: "Doe",
• age: 50,
• eyeColor: "blue"
• };
Object Properties

• The name:values pairs in JavaScript objects are called properties:


• Property Property Value
• firstName John
• lastName Doe
• age 50
• eyeColor blue
JavaScript Object by
object literal
1.<script>
2.emp={id:102,name:"Shyam Kumar",salary:40000
}
3.document.write(emp.id+" "+emp.name+" "+emp
.salary);
4.</script>
By creating instance of
Object
1.<script>
2.var emp=new Object();
3.emp.id=101;
4.emp.name=“VIT";
5.emp.salary=50000;
6.document.write(emp.id+" "+emp.name+" "+emp
.salary);
7.</script>
By using an Object
constructor
1.<script>
2.function emp(id,name,salary){
3.this.id=id;
4.this.name=name;
5.this.salary=salary;
6.}
7.e=new emp(103,"VIT",30000);
8. document.write(e.id+" "+e.name+" "+e.salary);

9.</script>
Defining method in JavaScript
Object
1. <script>
2. function emp(id,name,salary){
3. this.id=id;
4. this.name=name;
5. this.salary=salary;
6. this.changeSalary=changeSalary;
7. function changeSalary(otherSalary){
8. this.salary=otherSalary;
9. }
10. }
11. e=new emp(103,"Sonoo Jaiswal",30000);
12. document.write(e.id+" "+e.name+" "+e.salary);
13. e.changeSalary(45000);
14. document.write("<br>"+e.id+" "+e.name+" "+e.salary);
15.</script>
JavaScript Arrays
• JavaScript array is an object that represents a collection of
similar type of elements.
• There are 3 ways to construct array in JavaScript
1. By array literal
2. By creating instance of Array directly (using new keyword)
3. By using an Array constructor (using new keyword)

JavaScript array literal


4. <script>
5. var emp=["Sonoo","Vimal","Ratan"];
6. for (i=0;i<emp.length;i++){
7. document.write(emp[i] + "<br/>");
8. }
9. </script>
JavaScript Array directly (new
keyword)

1.<script>
2.var i;
3.var emp = new Array();
4.emp[0] = "Arun";
5.emp[1] = "Varun";
6.emp[2] = "John";
7. for (i=0;i<emp.length;i++){
8.document.write(emp[i] + "<br>");
9.}
10.</script>
JavaScript array constructor
(new keyword)
1.<script>
2.var emp=new Array("Jai","Vijay","Smith");
3.for (i=0;i<emp.length;i++){
4.document.write(emp[i] + "<br>");
5.}
6.</script>
JavaScript Arrays
Output:
JavaScript Arrays
<!DOCTYPE html> TATA,Volvo,BMW
<html>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript Arrays</h2>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
const cars = [“TATA”, "Volvo", "BMW"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = cars;
</script>
</body>
</html>
Events
<!DOCTYPE html>
.
<html>
<body> The time is?
<h2>JavaScript HTML Events</h2> Mon Feb 28 2022
<p>Click the button to display the date.</p> 14:55:15 GMT+0530
<button onclick="displayDate()">The time is?</button> (India Standard Time)
<script>
function displayDate() {
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML =
Date();
}
</script>
<p id="demo"></p>
</body>
</html>
JavaScript Arrays
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript Arrays</h2> JavaScript Arrays
<p>JavaScript array elements are accessed JavaScript array
using numeric indexes (starting from 0).</p> elements are
<p id="demo"></p> accessed using
numeric indexes
<script>
(starting from 0).
const cars = ["Saab", "Volvo", "BMW"];
cars[0] = "Opel"; Opel,Volvo,BMW
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTM
L = cars;
</script>
</body>
</html>
JavaScript Object Properties

• Properties are the most important part of any JavaScript


object.
• JavaScript Properties
• Properties are the values associated with a JavaScript object.
• A JavaScript object is a collection of unordered properties.
• Properties can usually be changed, added, and deleted, but
some are read only.
e.g.
1. person.firstname + " is " + person.age + " years old.";
2. person["firstname"] + " is " + person["age"] + " years old.";
JavaScript Object
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
JavaScript Object
<h2>JavaScript Object Properties</h2>
<p>Access a property with .property:</p>
Properties
Access a property
<p id="demo"></p> with .property:
<script>
John is 50 years old
const person = {
firstname: "John",
lastname: "Doe",
age: 50,
eyecolor: "blue"
};

document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = person.firstname + " is " + person.age + " years old.";


</script>

</body>
</html>
Variable Scope
• Global variables :
• Declaring a variable outside the function makes it a global
variable.Variable is accessed everywhere in the document.
• E.g.
• Accessing Object Properties
• You can access object properties in two ways:
1.objectName.propertyName
• or
2. objectName["propertyName"]

Example1
• person.lastName;
Creating an Array
• Using an array literal is the easiest way to create a JavaScript Array.
• Syntax:
• const array_name = [item1, item2, ...];
• It is a common practice to declare arrays with the const keyword.
• Learn more about const with arrays in the chapter: JS Array Const.
• Example
• const cars = ["Saab", "Volvo", "BMW"];
• Spaces and line breaks are not important. A declaration can span multiple
lines:
• Example
• const cars = [
• "Saab",
• "Volvo",
• "BMW"
• ];
Creating an Array
• You can also create an array, and then provide the elements:

Example
const cars = [];
cars[0]= “TATA";
cars[1]= “Audi";
cars[2]= "BMW";
Using the JavaScript Keyword new
The following example also creates an Array, and assigns values to
it:

• Example
• const cars = new Array(“TATA", “Audi", "BMW");
Converting Arrays to Strings

• The JavaScript method toString() converts an array to a string


of (comma separated) array values.

• Example

const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];


document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits.toString();

Result:
• Banana,Orange,Apple,Mango
JavaScript Array concat()
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>JavaScript Arrays</h1>
<h2>The concat() Method</h2>
<p>The concat() method concatenates (joins) two or more arrays:</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
const arr1 = ["A", "B"];
const arr2 = ["C", "D", "E"];
const children = arr1.concat(arr2);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = children;
</script>
</body>
</html>
JavaScript Array concat()
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>JavaScript Arrays</h1>
<h2>The concat() Method</h2>
<p>The concat() method concatenates (joins) two or more arrays:</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
const arr1 = ["A", "B"];
const arr2 = ["C", "D", "E"];
const arr3 = ["F"];
const children = arr1.concat(arr2,arr3);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = children;
</script>

</body>
</html>
JavaScript Array length
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>JavaScript Arrays</h1>
<h2>The length Property</h2>
<p>The length property sets or returns the number of elements in an
array.</p>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
let length = fruits.length;
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = length;
</script>
</body>
</html>
join() method
• The join() method also joins all array elements into a string.
• It behaves just like toString(), but in addition you can specify the
separator:

• Example
const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits.join(" * ");

• Result:
Banana * Orange * Apple * Mango
Popping and Pushing

• When you work with arrays, it is easy to remove elements and


add new elements.

• This is what popping and pushing is:


• Popping items out of an array, or pushing items into an array.

• JavaScript Array pop()


• The pop() method removes the last element from an array:

• Example
• const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
• fruits.pop();
pop() method
• The pop() method returns the value that was "popped out":

Example
• const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
• let fruit = fruits.pop();
JavaScript Sorting Arrays
• Sorting an Array
• The sort() method sorts an array alphabetically:
• Example
• const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
• fruits.sort();

• Reversing an Array
• The reverse() method reverses the elements in an array.
• You can use it to sort an array in descending order:
• Example
• const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
• fruits.sort();
• fruits.reverse();
Numeric Sort
By default, the sort() function sorts values as strings.
• This works well for strings ("Apple" comes before "Banana").
• However, if numbers are sorted as strings, "25" is bigger than
"100", because "2" is bigger than "1".
• Because of this, the sort() method will produce incorrect result
when sorting numbers.
• You can fix this by providing a compare function:
• const points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25, 10];
• points.sort(function(a, b){return a - b});
Reverse an array using
JavaScript
1.Using the reverse method
• As the name suggests, this method reverses the
order of array elements by modifying the existing
array.

Syntax: array.reverse()

Example:
arr = [1,2,3,4]; arr.reverse();
console.log(arr); //Output: [ 4, 3, 2, 1 ]
2.Using a decrementing
For Loop
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4];
arr1 = [];
for (let i = arr.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
arr1.push(arr[i]);
}
console.log(arr1);
//Output: [4, 3, 2, 1]

In the above example, we use a decrementing loop to traverse


the array arr from backward and store each element to the new
array arr1. This method does not modify the original array.
3.Using the Unshift() Method
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4];
arr1 = [];
arr.forEach(element => { arr1.unshift(element) });
console.log(arr1);
//Output: [4, 3, 2, 1]

Instead of using a for loop, this method uses


forEach() & unshift() methods. forEach() method
performs an operation for each element of an array
and the unshift method adds a new element to the
beginning of an array.
Browser Object Model

• The Browser Object Model (BOM) is used to


interact with the browser.
• The default object of browser is window means
you can call all the functions of window by
specifying window or directly. For example:
• window.alert("hello javatpoint"); or
• alert("hello javatpoint");
What is Validation?

• Validation refers to the process of examining the


values that the user inputs. It plays a crucial role
in creating applications and enhances the user
experience. Many fields, such as mobile numbers,
emails, dates, and passwords, are validated
through this process.
• JavaScript makes the validation process faster due
to its faster processing of data than other server-
side validation. Now let’s have a look at the
implementation of the email validation in
JavaScript.
Email Validation in
JavaScript
• Email validation is one of the vital parts of authenticating an
HTML form. Email is a subset or a string of ASCII characters,
divided into two parts using @ symbol. Its first part consists of
private information, and the second one contains the domain
name in which an email gets registered.
• Special characters such as # * + & ’ ! % @ ? { ^ } ”
• Numeric characters (0 to 9)
• Full stop, dot, etc., having a condition that it can’t be the
email’s last or the very first letter and can’t be repeated after
another.
• Uppercase alphabets (A to Z) and Lowercase (a to z) alphabets
• The second part includes the following:
• Dots
• Digits
• Hyphens
• Letters
Email Validation in
JavaScript
• Special characters such as # * + & ' ! % @ ? { ^ } ”
• Numeric characters (0 to 9)
• Full stop, dot, etc., having a condition that it can't be the
email's last or the very first letter and can't be repeated
after another.
• Uppercase alphabets (A to Z) and Lowercase (a to z)
alphabets.
HTML Form Validation using JS:
Regular Expression- helps in pattern matching

• . : Matches any single character except a new line


• + : Matches the preceding character or repeated character.
• $ : Matches character at the end of the line.
• ^ : Matches the beginning of a line or string.
• - : Range indicator. [a-z, A-Z]
• [0-9] : It matches digital number from 0-9.
• [a-z] : It matches characters from lowercase ‘a’ to lowercase ‘z’.
• [A-Z] : It matches characters from uppercase ‘A’ to lowercase ‘Z’.
• w: Matches a word character and underscore. (a-z, A-Z, 0-9, _).
• W: Matches a non word character (%, #, @, !).
• {M, N} : Donates minimum M and maximum N value.
HTML Form Validation using JS:
Login Form
<html>
<head>
<script>
function Login1(){
var a=document.f1.t1.value;
var b=document.f1.t2.value;
if(a == 'admin' && b == 'admin'){
alert("Login Successful");
window.location="EnquiryForm.html“ }
Else {
alert("Invalid Username or Password");
document.f1.t1.value='';
document.f1.t2.value='';
document.f1.t1.focus();
return false;}}
</script>
</head>
HTML Form Validation using JS:
Login Form
<body>
<form name="f1" >
<table border=1 align=center>
<caption><h1> Login Form </h1></caption>
<tr> <td>User Name </td>
<td> <input type="text" name="t1" required></td></tr>
<tr><td> Password </td>
<td> <input type="Password" name="t2" required></td></tr>
<tr > <td colspan=2 align=center>
<input type="button" value="Login" onclick="return Login1()" ></td> </tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
HTML Form Validation using JS:
Student Registration Form (Required Field and accepting characters only in Name text box and
digits only in Phone text box)

<html> <head>
<script>
function validateForm() {
if(document.myForm.name.value.match(/^[A-Za-z]+$/)) { }
else {
alert("Please Characters only");
document.myForm.name.focus();
return false; }
if(document.myForm.phone.value.match(/^[0-9]+$/)) {
message = "<br>NAME:" + document.myForm.name.value;
message += "<br>ADDRESS: " + document.myForm.address.value;
message += "<br>GENDER: " + document.myForm.G.value ;
message += "<br>PHONE: " + document.myForm.phone.value ;
message += "<br>DOB: " + document.myForm.DOB.value ;
message += "<br>EMail-Id: " + document.myForm.email.value ;
document.write(message); }
else {
alert('Please input numeric characters only');
document.myForm.phone.focus();
return false; } }
</script> </head>
HTML Form Validation using JS:
Student Registration Form (Required Field and accepting characters only in Name text box and
digits only in Phone text box)

<body>
<form name="myForm" onsubmit="return validateForm()">
<table border=1 align=center>
<caption><h1> Enquiry Form </h1></caption>
<tr><td>Name</td>
<td><input type="text" name="name" required></td></tr>
<tr><td>Phone No:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="phone" maxlength=10 required></td></tr>
<tr><td>Email</td>
<td><input type="Email" name="email" required></td></tr>
<tr><td>DOB</td>
<td><input type="date" name="DOB" required></td></tr>
<tr><td>Gender</td>
<td><input type="radio" name="G" value="Male" checked>Male
<input type="radio" name="G" value="Female" >Female</td></tr>
<tr><td>Address(Region)</td>
<td><select name="address">
<option> Nashik </option>
<option> Pune </option></select></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan=2 align=center><input type="submit" value="Submit"></td></tr>
</table></form></body></html>
• <!DOCTYPE html>
• <html>
• <body>
• <h1>Display a Telephone Input Field</h1>
• <form action="/action_page.php">
• <label for="phone">Enter a phone
number:</label><br><br>
• <input type="tel" id="phone" name="phone"
placeholder="123-45-678" pattern="[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{2}-[0-
9]{3}" required><br><br>
• <small>Format: 123-45-678</small><br><br>
• <input type="submit">
• </form>
• </body>
• </html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script>
function validateForm() {
let x = document.forms["myForm"]["fname"].value;
if (x == "") {
alert("Name must be filled out");
return false;
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h2>JavaScript Validation</h2>
<form name="myForm" action="/action_page.php" onsubmit="return validateForm()" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="fname">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>

</body>
</html>
Example of regular expression
1. /^[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z]
{2,6}$/
2. /^[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+@[a-zA-
Z0-9-]+(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)*$/;
3. ('[a-z0-9]+@[a-z]+\.[a-z]{2,3}
Valid and Invalid examples
• Some of the examples of valid email id:
• [email protected]
• [email protected]
• [email protected]
• Some Other Examples of Invalid Email Id
• [email protected] (one on another dots are not
allowed)
• Inownzsite()&@abcd.com (only characters, dash,
underscore, and digits are allowed in the regular expression.)
• Ourwebsiteismne.azbyz.com (here @ symbol is not there)
• [email protected] (Here top-level domain can’t
begin with a dot)
• @youmenandwe.we.net (here it can’t start with @ symbol)
• [email protected] (“.b” is not a valid top-level
domain)email.js
Checkpoints for efficient email
validation in JavaScript code:
• Describe a regular expression to validate an email
address
• If an input value matches regular expressions
• If it matches, sends the alert saying “email
address is valid.”
• If it does not match, send the alert saying, “email
address is invalid.”
Email validation

• Validating email is a very important point while validating an HTML


form. In this page we have discussed how to validate an email using
JavaScript :

An email is a string (a subset of ASCII characters) separated into two


parts by @ symbol. a "personal_info" and a domain, that
is personal_info@domain. The length of the personal_info part may be
up to 64 characters long and domain name may be up to 253
characters.
• The personal_info part contains the following ASCII characters.
• Uppercase (A-Z) and lowercase (a-z) English letters.
• Digits (0-9).
• Characters ! # $ % & ' * + - / = ? ^ _ ` { | } ~
• Character . ( period, dot or fullstop) provided that it is not the first or last
character and it will not come one after the other.
• The domain name [for example com, org, net, in, us, info] part contains
letters, digits, hyphens, and dots.
Example of valid email id

• [email protected]
• [email protected]
• [email protected]
Example of invalid email id
• mysite.ourearth.com [@ is not present]
[email protected] [ tld (Top Level domain) can not start
with dot "." ]
• @you.me.net [ No character before @ ]
• [email protected] [ ".b" is not a valid tld ]
• [email protected] [ tld can not start with dot "." ]
• [email protected] [ an email should not be start with "."
]
• mysite()*@gmail.com [ here the regular expression only
allows character, digit, underscore, and dash ]
• [email protected] [double dots are not allowed]
JavaScript code to validate
an email id
• function ValidateEmail(mail)
{ if (/^\w+([\.-]?\w+)*@\w+([\.-]?\
w+)*(\.\w{2,3})+
$/.test(myForm.emailAddr.value))
{
return (true)
}
alert("You have entered an invalid email
address!")
return
(false)
}
HTML Code
• <!DOCTYPE html>
• <html lang="en">
• <head>
• <meta charset="utf-8">
• <title>JavaScript form validation - checking email</title>
• <link rel='stylesheet' href='form-style.css' type='text/css' />
• </head>
• <body onload='document.form1.text1.focus()'>
• <div class="mail">
• <h2>Input an email and Submit</h2>
• <form name="form1" action="#">
• <ul>
• <li><input type='text' name='text1'/></li>
• <li>&nbsp;</li>
• <li class="submit"><input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit"
onclick="ValidateEmail(document.form1.text1)"/></li>
• <li>&nbsp;</li>
• </ul>
• </form>
• </div>
• <script src="email-validation.js"></script>
• </body>
• </html>
JavaScript Code
function ValidateEmail(inputText)
{
var mailformat = /^\w+([\.-]?\w+)*@\w+([\.-]?\w+)*(\.\
w{2,3})+$/;

if(inputText.value.match(mailformat))
{
alert("Valid email address!");
document.form1.text1.focus(); return true;
}
else
{ alert("You have entered an invalid email
address!");
document.form1.text1.focus(); return false;
}
}
What is Responsive Web Design?

• Responsive Web Design is about using HTML and CSS to automatically


resize, hide, shrink, or enlarge, a website, to make it look good on all
devices (desktops, tablets, and phones):

• <!DOCTYPE html>
• <html>
• <head>
• <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
• </head>
• <body>
• <h2>Setting the Viewport</h2>
• <p>This example does not really do anything, other than showing you how
to add the viewport meta element.</p>
• </body>
• </html>
The HTML <video>
Element
• How it Works?
• The controls attribute adds video controls, like play, pause,
and volume.
• It is a good idea to always include width and height attributes.
If height and width are not set, the page might flicker while
the video loads.
• The <source> element allows you to specify alternative video
files which the browser may choose from. The browser will
use the first recognized format.
• The text between the <video> and </video> tags will only be
displayed in browsers that do not support the <video>
element.
• <!DOCTYPE html>
• <html>
• <body>
• <video width="320" height="240" controls>
• <source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4">
• <source src="movie.ogg" type="video/ogg">
• Your browser does not support the video tag.
• </video>
• </body>
• </html>
Create an one College Template with video in Background (The
Web Page must be Responsive and the page contains video in
Background)

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