Scribd
Upload
71 views24 pages

Torage Echnologies AND Rchitecture: Presented By: Sandeep Tonk Tushar Srivastav Anil Kumar Abhinav Banerji Pulkit Mohan

This document discusses various storage technologies and architectures. It begins by describing system architecture layers and memory hierarchy. It then discusses different types of storage technologies like hard disk drives, solid state drives, and different interface standards like IDE, SCSI, SATA. The document also covers storage area networks using Fibre Channel and IP-based storage using iSCSI. It describes technologies like direct attached storage, network attached storage, storage area networks. The document concludes with an overview of various RAID levels like RAID 0, 1, 5 etc and their characteristics.

Uploaded by

aaki_2005
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
71 views24 pages

Torage Echnologies AND Rchitecture: Presented By: Sandeep Tonk Tushar Srivastav Anil Kumar Abhinav Banerji Pulkit Mohan

This document discusses various storage technologies and architectures. It begins by describing system architecture layers and memory hierarchy. It then discusses different types of storage technologies like hard disk drives, solid state drives, and different interface standards like IDE, SCSI, SATA. The document also covers storage area networks using Fibre Channel and IP-based storage using iSCSI. It describes technologies like direct attached storage, network attached storage, storage area networks. The document concludes with an overview of various RAID levels like RAID 0, 1, 5 etc and their characteristics.

Uploaded by

aaki_2005
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 24

STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES AND ARCHITECTURE

Presented by:

Sandeep Tonk
Tushar Srivastav Anil Kumar Abhinav Banerji Pulkit Mohan

System Architecture
Application Software Application Layer

User

System

Command layer Device driver/kernel layer

Operating Software system

Hardware

Hardware

Memory Classification
Hierarchy:
Cache Primary memory (RAM) Secondary storage(HARD DISK)

Volatility:
RAM ROM

Technology:
Static RAM Dynamic RAM

BASICS OF STORAGE TECHNOLOGY


Disk drive (HDD) is a nonvolatile, random access digital magnetic data storage device. It features rotating rigid platters on a motor-driven spindle within a protective enclosure. Data is magnetically read from and written to the platter by read/write heads that float on a film of air above the platters.

Roadmap for Storage Technology

DAS

FC SAN NAS

iSCSI SAN

iSCSI
Fibre Channel Network Attached Storage

SCSI

IDE/ATA

DAS (Direct Attached Storage)


Popular DAS Standards
Server A Server B

IDE/ATA
(Industry Drive Electronics / AT Attachment )

SCSI
(Small Computer Systems Interface)

SATA
(Serial AT Attachment)

IDE/ATA
Most popular standard for PC drives Drive electronics is integrated on the drive
media

Max. 2 ATA/IDE devices in Master , Slave mode


over single channel.

Bus width : 16 bits Max possible data transfer rate : 100 MB/s.

Limitations of IDE/ATA

not suitable for data intensive applications

low data transfer rate limited scalability ideal for PC and low end servers

SAN (Storage Area Network)

Interface used is Fibre Channel (FC) be connected


File System Control

Maximum 16 million devices can Distances up to 10km between


devices

Fibre channel switch

Data Transfer rates up to 2Gbps Highly reliable

B
Disk array

Fibre Channel (FC)

Marriage of networking and storage architectures

High speed , serial interconnect standard

Provides bi-directional, point-to-point data


channel

Allows block level access of data Has layered architecture similar to OSI model Support for various topologies

Limitations of SAN
Poor interoperability High Cost

Difficult to manage Weak Security Scalability is a concern in complex


deployments

FC is not a routable protocol

NAS (Network Attached Storage)


Uses TCP/IP network for connecting to
storage

Provides file level access to the storage Highly scalable especially in


heterogeneous environment

Brings Ethernet economics to storage

Architecture Differences

iSAN :Enterprise Storage Future


iSAN : SANs built on iSCSI protocol iSCSI (internet small computer system
interface) is TCP/IP-based protocol for establishing and managing connections between IP-based storage devices, hosts and clients

iSCSI is a block access protocol, allows


SCSI access over TCP/IP networks

Advantages of IP Storage

Familiar Network technology and management

oReduces training costs Increased reliability Scalability over long distances

o Enables remote data replication and DR Brings Ethernet economics to storage

RAID Technology
RAID is Redundant Array of Independent/

Inexpensive Disks

Increased Data Storage

Advantages of RAID:

Improved Data Protection


Enhanced Performance

RAID Technology
Various RAID Levels

RAID 0 ( Striping)
RAID 1 (Mirroring)
RAID 10 / RAID 1+0 (Mirroring + Striping) RAID 3 (Independent Striping plus parity)

RAID 5 (Independent Striping plus distributed parity

RAID 0 (Striping)
Drive 1 Drive 2

Block 1

Block 3
Block 5 Block 7

Block 2 Block 4 Block 6 Block 8

Increased storage capacity Improved performance

No redundancy : not suitable for critical data Min. no. of disks : 2

RAID 1 (Mirroring)
Drive 1 Drive 2

Block 1

Block 2
Block 3 Block 4

Block 1 Block 2 Block 3 Block 4

Increased redundancy Improved read performance

Poor write performance Min no. of disks : 2

RAID 10 (Mirroring + Striping)


Drive 1 Drive 2 Drive 3 Drive 4

Block 1

Block 2

Block 3
Block 5 Block 7

Block 4
Block 6 Block 8

Block 1 Block3 Block 5 Block 7

Block 2 Block 4 Block6 Block 8

Increased redundancy Improved read performance

Poor write performance Min no. of disks : 4

RAID 3 (Striping + Parity)


Drive 1 Drive 2 Parity Drive

Bit1

Bit 3
Bit 5

Bit 2 Bit4 Bit 6

Parity 1-2 Parity 3-4 Parity 5-6

Increased redundancy through parity data Improved read /write performance

Single point of failure is parity drive Min no. of disks : 3

RAID 5 (Striping + Distributed Parity)


Drive 1 Drive 2 Drive 3
Block 1 Block 2 Parity 3-4 Block 5 Block 8 Parity 1- 2

Block 3 Parity 5-6


Block 7

Block 4
Block 6 Parity 7-8

Increased redundancy through distributed parity data Improved read /write performance

Min no. of disks : 3

Q/A ?

THANK YOU

You might also like