Week 1: Day 2

GENERAL
MATHEMATICS
 What is PIECEWISE
FUNCTIONS?
A piecewise function is a function that is
defined by different expressions
depending on the value of the input.
Instead of having one rule for all inputs,
it has multiple rules that apply to
different intervals or conditions.
 PIECEWISE
FUNCTIONS
1. A user is charged Php 300.00 monthly for a
particular mobile plan, which includes 100
free text messages. Messages in excess of
100 are charged Php 1.00 each. Represent
the amount a consumer pays each month as
a function of the number of messages m
sent in a month.
SOLUTION: Let t(m) represent the
amount paid by the consumer each
month.
 PIECEWISE
FUNCTIONS
2. The cost of hiring a catering service to serve
food for a party is Php150 per head for 20
persons or less, Php 130 per head for 21 to 50
persons, and Php 110 per head for 51 to 100
persons. For 100 or more persons, the cost is at
Php 100 per head. Represent the total cost as a
piecewise function of the number of attendees
of the party.
 EVALUATING
FUNCTIONS
Objectives:
substitute values in a function; and

evaluate a function
EVALUATING
FUNCTIONS
Evaluating a Function means replacing the
variable in the function, in this case x, with a
value from a functions domain and
computing for the result.
FUNCTION
“ f (x) =
… “ “ f of x”
“ g (x) =
… “ “ g of x”
“ h (x) =
… “ “ h of x”
 EXAMPLE :
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =2 𝑥 +1
rewrite it
𝑦 =2 𝑥 + 1
as:

Equivalent Notations
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 1 :
𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) =𝟑 𝒙 +𝟒 𝒊𝒇 𝒙 =𝟐
SOLUTION:
Step 1: Copy the𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =3 𝑥 + 4
given
𝑓 ( 2 ) = 3 (2 )+ 4
Step 2: Replace x with 2
Step 3: Perform 𝑓 ( 2 ) = 6 + 4
operations
ANSWER 𝒇 ( 𝟐 ) =𝟏𝟎
:
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 2 : 𝟐
𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝟏 − 𝒙 + 𝒙 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒙 =𝟑
SOLUTION:
Step 1: Copy the 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) =1 − 𝑥 + 𝑥2
given
Step 2: Replace x with 3
𝑔 ( 3 ) =− 2 +9
Step 3: Perform
operations
𝒈 ( 𝟑 )=𝟕
ANSWER
:
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 3 :
𝟐
𝒉 ( 𝒙 ) = 𝒙 +𝟐 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐱 =− 𝟑
2
Step 1: Copy the
given
h ( 𝑥 )= 𝑥 + 2 2
Step 2: Replace x with -h ( − 3 ) =(− 3) + 2
3
Step 3: Perform h ( − 3 )= 9+2
operations
ANSWER 𝒉 ( −𝟑 ) =𝟏𝟏
:
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 4 :
𝟐
𝒉 ( 𝒏 ) =𝟐 𝒏 +𝟒 , 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐧 =𝟒
2
Step 1: Copy the
given
h ( 𝑛 ) =2 𝑛2 + 4
Step 2: Replace x with -h ( 4 ) =2( 4) + 4
3
Step 3: Perform h ( 4 ) =2(16 )+ 4
operations
ANSWER 𝒉 ( 𝟒 ) =𝟑𝟔
:
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 5 :
Evaluate the following functions at
f a( 𝑥 )= 2 𝑥 +1 𝒇 (𝟏 . 𝟓 ) =𝟒
2
b 𝑞 ( 𝑥 ) =𝑥 −2 x +2
𝒇 (𝟏 . 𝟓 ) =𝟏 .𝟐𝟓
 EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 5 :
Evaluate the following functions at
2 𝑥 +1
𝑟
c ( 1.5 ) =¿
𝑥 −1
2(1.5)+1
𝑟 ( 1.5 ) =¿ 1.5 −1
𝑟 ( 1.5 ) =¿
=
𝒓 ( 𝟏 .𝟓 )=𝟖
ANSWER
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 6 :
Evaluate the given function at

𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =¿
2 𝑥+1

𝑓 ( 3 𝑥 − 1 ) =6 𝑥 − 2+ 1

ANSWER 𝒇 (𝟑 𝒙 −𝟏 )=𝟔 𝒙 −𝟏
:
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 7 :
Evaluate the given function at
2
𝑞 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝑥 − 2 x +2
2
𝑞 ( 2 𝑥+ 3 )=(2 𝑥+ 3) − 2 ( 2 x +3 )+ 2
2
𝑞 ( 2 𝑥+ 3 )= 4 𝑥 +12 x+ 9 − 4 x − 6+ 2

𝟐
ANSWER 𝒒 (𝟐 𝒙 +𝟑 ) =𝟒 𝒙 +𝟖 𝐱 +𝟓
:
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 8 :
Find g (-4) and r (1) where g and r as define
below. 2 𝑥 +1
𝑔 ( 𝑥 )= √ 𝑥 ( 𝑥 ) =¿
𝑟+1 𝑥 −1
ANSWER:
This is not possible because -4 is not in the
domain of g (x) and 1 is not in the domain
of r(x).
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 8 :

𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝐹 (9), 𝐹 ( 3 ) , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹 (25)

EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 9 :
Given the function f(x)=5⌊x−1.5⌋+3, evaluate
the following:
a) f(4.2)
b. f(1.1)
c) f(−2.8)
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 9 :
Given the function g(t)=10−2⌈t+0.5⌉, evaluate
the following:
a) g(3.4)
b) g(0.9)
c) g(−1.7)
d) g(5)
TRY THIS:
Evaluate the following functions.

1 at x = -3

2 at x = -1

3 at x = -4
TRY THIS:
Evaluate the following functions.

4 f
a. f( -3)
b. f( -1)
c. f( 0)
d. f( 3)
 OPERATIONS
ON
FUNCTIONS
Objectives:
Follow the steps in adding, subtracting,
multiplying and dividing functions,

Add, subtract, multiply and divide functions and

Solve function composition
 ADDITION
AND
SUBTRACTION
 ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF
ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS
Find the least common denominator (LCD)
of both fractions.
Rewrite the fractions as equivalent fractions
with the same LCD.
The LCD is the denominator of the resulting
fraction.
The sum or difference of the numerators is
the numerator of the resulting fraction.
 EXAMPLE 1:
Find the sum of and

SOLUTION: The LCD of the two fractions is

15.
= +
=

=
 EXAMPLE 2:
Find the sum of and
The LCD of the two fractions is
SOLUTION: (x-3) (x-5) or
= +

=
MULTIPLICATION
 MULTIPLICATION OF ALGEBRAIC
EXPRESSIONS
Rewrite the numerator and denominator in
terms of its prime factors.
Common factors in the numerator and
denominator can be simplified as “1” ( often
called cancelling)
Multiply the numerators together to get the
new numerator.
Multiply the denominators together to get
the new denominator.
 EXAMPLE 3:
Find the product of and

SOLUTION:
=

=
 EXAMPLE 4:
Find the product of and

SOLUTION:
=

=
OPERATIONS ON
FUNCTIONS
DEFINITION:
Let f and g be functions.
denoted by (f + g) (x) = f (x) + g (x)
1. Their sum, denoted by f + g, is the function

function denoted by (f - g) (x) = f (x) - g (x)

2. Their difference, denoted by f – g, is the

function denoted by (f g) (x) = f (x)  g (x)

3. Their product, denoted by f  g , is the

function denoted by (f /g) (x) = f (x) /g (x) ,

4. Their quotient, denoted by f / g , is the

excluding the values of x where g (x) = 0

 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Addition)
Given:
EXAMPLE 1 :
Determine the function
SOLUTION:
=
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Addition)
-2
Find
EXAMPLE 2 :

= + 4x – 2 )+ (
SOLUTION:
= + 4x + ()– 2 +
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Subtraction)
Given:
EXAMPLE 3 :
Determine the function
SOLUTION:
=
=
=
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Subtraction)
-2
Find
EXAMPLE 4 :

= + 4x – 2 )- (
SOLUTION:
= + 4x -2 +–
= + 4x + 3x -2-4
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Multiplication)
Given:
EXAMPLE 5 :
Determine the function
SOLUTION:
=
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Multiplication)
Given:
EXAMPLE 6 :
Determine the function
SOLUTION:
=
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Division)
Given:
EXAMPLE 7 :
Determine the function
SOLUTION:
=

=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Division)
Given:
EXAMPLE 8 :
Determine the function
SOLUTION:
=

=
Given:
OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 9 : Determine the function

SOLUTION:
=
2
= 2 𝑥 +7 x − 4
Given:
OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 10 : Determine the function

SOLUTION:
=
=
Given:
OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 11 : Determine the function

SOLUTION:
=
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Subtraction)
Given:
EXAMPLE 12 : Find

SOLUTION:
=
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Subtraction)
Given:
EXAMPLE 13 : Find

SOLUTION:
=
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Subtraction)
Given: Find
EXAMPLE 14 :
SOLUTION:
=
=
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Multiplication)
Given: Find
EXAMPLE 15 :
SOLUTION:
=
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Multiplication)
Given: Find
EXAMPLE 16 :
SOLUTION:
=
=
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Division)
Given: Find
EXAMPLE 17 :
SOLUTION:
=
=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Division)
Given: Find
EXAMPLE 18 :
SOLUTION:
=

=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Division)
Given: Find
EXAMPLE 19 :
SOLUTION:
=

= =
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
(Division)
Given: Find
EXAMPLE 20 :
SOLUTION:
=

=
 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
Given:

Express the function

The solution can involve some trial and error.

 OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
Given:

Express the function

The solution can involve some trial and error.

COMPOSITION
OF
FUNCTIONS
DEFINITION:
Let f and g be functions.
The composition function, denoted
by , is defined by

f composed with g of x” “f of g of x”

The process of obtaining a composite

function is called function
composition.
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
Given:
EXAMPLE 1 :
SOLUTION:
=
=
=
=
=
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
Given:
EXAMPLE 2 :
SOLUTION:
=
=
=
=
= =
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
Given:
EXAMPLE 3 :
SOLUTION:
=
=
=
=
=
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
Given:
EXAMPLE 4 :
SOLUTION:
=
=
=
=
= =
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
Given:
EXAMPLE 5 :
SOLUTION:
=
=
=
=
=
TRY THIS:
Find using the given functions.
1 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) = 𝒙 + 𝟐; 𝒈 ( 𝒙 )=𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟑
2 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) =𝟑 𝒙 −𝟏𝟓 ; 𝒈 ( 𝒙 )=−𝟔 𝒙 +𝟏𝟐
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 6 :
Find
SOLUTION: =
= =
= =
= =
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 7 : 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) =𝟐 𝒙 +𝟏 ; 𝒓 ( 𝒙 ) =
𝟐 𝒙 +
𝒙−
Find and simplify
SOLUTION: =
= =
=
=
=
=
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 8 :
Find
SOLUTION: =
=
=
=
=
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 8 :
Find
SOLUTION: =
= =
=
=
=
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 9 :
Find
SOLUTION: =
=
=
=
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 9 :
Find
SOLUTION: =
= =
=
=
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 10 :
Find
SOLUTION: =
=
=
=
=
 COMPOSITION OF
FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE 10 :
Find
SOLUTION: =
= =
=
=
=
TRY THIS:
Find using the given functions.
1 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) = 𝒙 + 𝟐; 𝒈 ( 𝒙 )=𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟑
2 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) =𝟑 𝒙 −𝟏𝟓 ; 𝒈 ( 𝒙 )=−𝟔 𝒙 +𝟏𝟐
Thank You.