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1 Representation of Functions

The document outlines a lesson on functions in general mathematics, detailing objectives such as defining functions, identifying if a relation represents a function, and understanding piece-wise functions. It includes pre-test questions, explanations of functions and their types, and examples of real-life applications of functions. Additionally, it provides exercises for students to determine if relations are functions and classify different types of functions.

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コトガ悪Ganyu
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5 views34 pages

1 Representation of Functions

The document outlines a lesson on functions in general mathematics, detailing objectives such as defining functions, identifying if a relation represents a function, and understanding piece-wise functions. It includes pre-test questions, explanations of functions and their types, and examples of real-life applications of functions. Additionally, it provides exercises for students to determine if relations are functions and classify different types of functions.

Uploaded by

コトガ悪Ganyu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Representation

of Functions
General Mathematics
Lesson Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students
must be able to:
• define functions and related terms;
• determine if the given relation
represents a function;
• define piece-wise function; and
• represents real-life situations using
functions, including piece-wise
functions.
Pre-test
1. What do you call a relation
where each element in the
domain is related to only one
value in the range by some
rules?
a.Function
b.Range
c. Domain
d. Independent
Pre-test
2. Which of the following
relations is/are function/s?

a. x = {(1,2), (3,4), (1,7), (5,1)}


b. g = {(3,2), (2,1), (8,2),
(5,7)}
c. h = {(4,1), (2,3), (2, 6), (7,
2)}
d. y = {(2,9), (3,4), (9,2), (6,7)}
Pre-test
3. In a relation, what do
you call the set of x values
or the input?
a. Piecewise
b. Range
c. Domain
d. Dependent
Pre-test
4. What is the range of
the function shown by
the diagram?
a. R:{3, 2, 1}
b. R:{a, b}
c. R:{3, 2, 1, a, b}
d. R:{all real numbers}
Pre-test
5. Which of the following tables
represent a function?
Relation
A relation is a set of ordered pairs. The
domain of a relation is the set of first
coordinates. The range is the set of second
coordinates.
Example of Relations
1. {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 8)}
2. {(4, 2), (4, -2), (9, 3), (9,-3)}
3. {(1, a), (1, b), (1, c), (1,d)}
Functions
A function is a relation in which each
element of the domain corresponds to
exactly one element of the range.

Examples of Functions
1. {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 8)}
2. {(2, 1), (3, 1), (4, 1), (5,1)}
Learn about It!

Function
1 It is a special kind of relation in which no two
distinct ordered pairs have the same first
element.

In an equation in two variables,


and , the variable may be
expressed as if every value of
corresponds to a single value of .
Learn about It!

Independent and
2
Dependent Variables
The value that a function takes in
is called the input or the
independent variable while the
corresponding value that it
produces is the output or the
dependent variable.
Learn about It!

Independent and Dependent Variables


2 The value that a function takes in is called the input or the independent
variable while the corresponding value that it produces is the output or
the dependent variable.

Example:
Assume that you are in a grocery store.
Each grocery item has its own
corresponding price.

This is an example of a function wherein


the independent variable is the grocery
item while the dependent variable is its
price.
Learn about It!

3 Ways of Writing
Functions
Example: There are different ways of writing .
Function Notation Description
is written as a function of , or
The arrow is read as “is mapped to.”
The colon symbol () is read as “such
that.”
The function is written as a set.
Examples
Given the following ordered pairs,
which relations are functions?

A = {(1,2), (2,3), (3,4), (4,5)}


B = {(3,3), (4,4), (5,5), (6,6)}
C = {(1,0), (0, 1, (-1,0), (0,-1)}
D = {(a,b), (b, c), (c,d), (a,d)}
Examples
How about from the given table of values,
which relation shows a function?
Examples
We can also identify
a function given a
diagram. On the
following mapping
diagrams, which do
you think represent
functions?
Examples
We can also identify
a function given a
diagram. On the
following mapping
diagrams, which do
you think represent
functions?
Some Types of Functions
Linear Function
A function f is a linear function if f(x) = mx + b,
where m and b are real numbers, and m and f(x)
are not both equal to zero.

Quadratic Function
A quadratic function is any equation of the form
f(x) = ax2+ bx + c where a, b, and c are real
numbers and a ≠ 0.
Some Types of Functions
Constant Function
A linear function f is a constant function if
f(x) = mx + b, where m = 0 and b is any real
number. Thus, f(x) = b.

Identity Function
A linear function f is an identity function if f(x) =
mx + b, where m = 1 and b = 0. Thus, f(x) = x.
Some Types of Functions

Absolute Value Function


The function f is an absolute value function if for all
real numbers x,
f(x) = x, for x ≥ 0
–x, for x ≤ 0
Piecewise Function
A piecewise function or a compound function is a
function defined by multiple sub-functions, where
each sub-function applies to a certain interval of the
main function's domain.
Learn about It!

Piecewise Function
4 It is a function composed of two or more
expressions for the different parts of the
domain.

Example:
Some Types of Functions
One to One Function
Is a function in which for each value of y in the
range of f, is just one value of x in the domain
of f such that y = f(x).
Activity 1
Determine if the following relations
represent a function.Show your illustration.Write
Function and Not Function
1. {(q, 0), (w, 1), (e, 2), (t, 3)}
2. {(-1, -2), (0, -2), (1, -2), (2, -2)}
3. {(1, 0), (1,1), (1, 2), (1, -2)}
4. {(x, 3), (y, 4), (z, 3), (w, 4)}
5. {(a, -2), (b, 0), (c, 2), (d, 3)}
Activity 1
Determine if the following relations represent a
function.Show your illustration.Write Function
and Not Function
6. {(-2, 0), (7, 1), (-8, -2), (4, -3)}
7. {(a, -2), (b, -2), (a, 2), (d, -2)}
8. {(x, 0), (0,-x), (1, -y), (-y, -2)}
9. {(x, -3), (y, -4), (z, -3), (w, -4)}
10. {(m, -6), (n, 0), (o, -2), (m, 3)}
Example 2
To sell more T-shirts, the class needs to charge a
lower price as indicated in the following table:

The price for which you can sell x printed T-shirts


is called the price function p(x). p(x) represents
each data point in the table.
Solution to Example 2
Step 1:
Find the slope m of the line using the slope formula m = y2 – y1 / x2 – x1
Step 2:
Write the linear equation with two variables by substituting the values of m
and (x1, y1) to the formula y – y1 = m(x – x1)—the point-slope form of a linear
equation.

y – y1 = m(x – x1)
y – 540 = −15 (x − 500)
y – 540 = − 15 x + 100
y = − 15 x + 640
y = 640 – 0.2x

Thus, the price function is p(x) = 640 – 0.2x.


Example 3

Find the dimensions of the largest rectangular


garden that can be enclosed by 60 m of fencing.
Solution to Example 3
Let x and y denote the lengths of the sides of the garden. Then
the area A = xy must be given its maximum value.

Express A in terms of a single variable, either x or y. The total


perimeter is 60 meters.
2x + 2y = 60
x + y = 30
y = 30 – x
Hence,
A = xy
A = x(30 – x)
A= 30x – x2
Solution to Example 3
Write this equation in the vertex form by completing the
square.

A = –(x2 – 30x + 225) + 225


A = –(x – 15)2 + 225

The maximum area is 225 square meters.


Since x = 15 (the width) and 30 – x = 15 (the length), the
dimension that gives the maximum area is 15 meters by 15
meters.
Example 4
Sketch the graph of the given piecewise
function. What is f(– 4)? What is f(2)?

f(x) = x + 2, if x≥0
–x2+ 2, if x<
0
Solution to Example 4
To the right of the y-axis, the graph is a line
that has a slope of 1 and y-intercept of 2. To
the left of the y-axis, the graph of the function
is a parabola that opens downward and whose
vertex is (0, 2).
To sketch the graph of the
function, you can lightly draw
both graphs. Then darken the
portion of the graph that
represents the function.
Solution to Example 4
To find the value of the function when x = – 4,
use the second equation.

f(– 4) = – (– 4)2+ 2 = – 16 + 2 = – 14

To find the value of the function when x = 2, use


the first equation.

f(2) = 2 + 2 = 4
Exercise A
Determine whether or not each relation is a
function. Give the domain and range of each
relation.

1. {(2, 3), (4, 5), (6, 6)}


2. {(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3)}
3. {(6, 7), (6, 8), (7, 7), (7, 8)}
Exercise B
Tell whether the function described in each of
the following is a linear function, a constant
function, an identity function, an absolute value
function, ora piecewise function.

1. f(x) = 3x − 7
2. g(x) = 12
3. f(x) = 3, if x > −5
-6, if x < −5

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