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Precision Time Protocol

The document discusses time synchronization protocols, specifically the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) and Network Time Protocol (NTP), highlighting their precision levels and components like Grandmaster clocks and boundary clocks. It explains the synchronization message exchange process and calculations for network delay and clock offset. Additionally, it introduces the Generalized Precision Time Protocol (gPTP) for Time-Sensitive Networking applications, detailing its architecture and message handling in Ethernet frames.

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4 views12 pages

Precision Time Protocol

The document discusses time synchronization protocols, specifically the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) and Network Time Protocol (NTP), highlighting their precision levels and components like Grandmaster clocks and boundary clocks. It explains the synchronization message exchange process and calculations for network delay and clock offset. Additionally, it introduces the Generalized Precision Time Protocol (gPTP) for Time-Sensitive Networking applications, detailing its architecture and message handling in Ethernet frames.

Uploaded by

crazyglases
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRECISION

TIME
PROTOCOL
TIME SYCHRONISED NETWORK
What time is it
now?
PTP distributes time for synchronisation-IEEE 1588

• Network Time Protocol is widely used.


• Supports synchronization to less than 10 ms (0.01 seconds).
• Precision Time Protocol is for systems requiring
synchronization to less than 1 us ( < 0.000001 seconds)
• Essentially nanosecond level of precision.
TIMING DISTRIBUTION
Grandmaster clock (GMC) - root timing reference, the boss
clock

Ordinary clock (OC) - These are end devices that either


provide or receive time (usually they act as slaves).

Boundary clock (BC) - These have multiple ports — one acts


as a slave (S) to the Grandmaster and the others act as masters
(M) to downstream devices.

Transparent clock(TC)- These switches don't generate or


consume time themselves, but measure and adjust the delay of
PTP packets passing through them — ensuring accurate time
delivery to end devices.
P TP Synchronization Message
Exchange
Time Where is it
What it means
stamp recorded?

t1 Time when Master sends the Sync message Master Clock

t2 Time when Slave (OC) receives the Sync Slave Clock (OC)

t3 Time when Slave sends the Delay_Req Slave Clock

t4 Time when Master receives Delay_Req Master Clock


Calculations
With t1, t2, t3, t4 values, the Slave can calculate:

1.Network Delay (d):


d=((t2−t1)+(t4−t3))/2​
(Round-trip time divided equally for Master-to-Slave and Slave-to-Master.)

2.Clock Offset (o):


o=((t2−t1)−(t4−t3))/2
​(The difference of the Master’s time and the Slave’s time.)
This lets the Slave adjust its clock to match the Master.
End-to-End Transparent Clock
(E2E TC)
Peer-to-Peer Transparent
Clock (P2P TC)
gPTP
(Generalized Precision Time
Protocol - IEEE 802.1AS)

Standard: IEEE 802.1AS (Subset/Specialized version of PTP)


Purpose: Time synchronization specifically for Time-Sensitive
Networking (TSN) such as audio/video or automotive networks.
Used in:
• Automotive networks (e.g., ADAS, autonomous cars)
• Professional audio/video transport (AVB/TSN
Complexity: Simpler and lighter than PTP, tailored for devices with
limited resources.
gPTP Architecture
All devices in the domain maintain synchronization with a clock in an Endpoint designated as
the "Grand Master."
In Ethernet frame
0x88F7 = "Hey! This frame is for PTP/gPTP time synchronization!"
In
gPTP

• Grandmaster Clock sends a Sync message at T<sub>SENT</sub>.


• Message travels through each cable (incurs Link Delay, LD) and waits in each switch
(incurs Residence Time, RT).
• Total delay collected = Correction X = ∑LD + ∑RT.
• Message reaches the Endpoint at time T<sub>RECEIVE</sub>.
• Endpoint uses Correction X to adjust its clock:
• T<sub>LOCAL</sub> = T<sub>GLOBAL</sub> + Correction X.
Thank You

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