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CHAPTER 1 Arithmetic N Geometric Sequence

The document covers arithmetic and geometric sequences, explaining their definitions, properties, and how to calculate their terms and sums. It provides examples and practice problems for identifying and working with both types of sequences. Additionally, it includes formulas for finding the nth term and the sum of the first n terms in both sequences.

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NURASYIKIN shamsuddin
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15 views26 pages

CHAPTER 1 Arithmetic N Geometric Sequence

The document covers arithmetic and geometric sequences, explaining their definitions, properties, and how to calculate their terms and sums. It provides examples and practice problems for identifying and working with both types of sequences. Additionally, it includes formulas for finding the nth term and the sum of the first n terms in both sequences.

Uploaded by

NURASYIKIN shamsuddin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AND

GEOMETRIC
SEQUENCES

(CHAPTER
1)
LEARNING
OBJECTIVES
 explain the terms sequences, arithmetic and
geometric sequence.
 identify arithmetic and geometric sequence.
 calculate the terms in arithmetic and
geometric sequence.
 calculate the sum of terms in arithmetic and
geometric sequence.
 apply the concepts of arithmetic and
geometric sequences to some common
problem in daily life.
ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE
 Hot fm. Is having a contest:

 RM 150 for 1st day.


 Increases RM 50 per day
 List the value of the price from 1st to 5th
day?
 What is the value of money that the winner
on the 5th day will get?
SEQUENCE
 sequence : List of numbers arranged in a
specified order.

T1, T2 , T3 , …,
 series is the indicated sum of the terms of
the sequence.

T1+ T2 + T3 + …,
What is an arithmetic
sequence?
A sequence in which each
term is found by ADDING or
SUBTRACTING the same
number to the previous
term.
+4 +4 +4 +4 -4 -4 -4 -4
4, 8, 12 , 16, 20… 20, 16, 12 , 8 , 4…
T1 T2 T3 T4
WHAT IS THE COMMON
DIFFERENCE?
The difference between each
number. (take 2 terms next to
each other)

4, 8, 12, 16, 20…………..


* 4 is the common difference
 4, 8, 12, 16, 20…………..

T1 T2 T3 T4
Common difference, d = T2-T1
= 8-4
=4
or
Common difference, d = T3-T2
= 12-8
=4
NTH TERM OF AN ARITHMETIC
SEQUENCE

Tn a 1  (n  1)d
1st term
nth term
# of term Common
that difference
we are
trying
to find
Find the next four terms of each
arithmetic sequence.

1) 26, 21 , 16, … 2) 2 , 10,


18,…
1)FIND THE NEXT FOUR TERMS OF EACH
ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE.

(a) the 12th term for the sequence 12,15,18,21,…


(b) the 21th term for the sequence 10,25, 40,55,…
(c) the 9th tern for the sequence 8.2,8.4,8.6,8.8,…
(d) the 16th term for the sequence 41, 37,33,29,…

2) What is the number of terms for the following


arithmetic sequence?
(a) 55, 60, 65,…,200
(b) 50,62,74,…,614
(c) -5,-4.5,-4,…,1
(d) 300, 293,286,…,62
Tn a 1  (n  1)d
Complete each statement.

 170 is the ____th term of –4, 2, 8

 Find the 10th term of the following arithmetic


sequence: 2,10,18,…
OF AN ARITHMETIC
SEQUENCE

n
Sn  2a  ( n  1)d 
2
Number of terms
Sum of the First Term Common
first nth terms difference
GEOMETRIC
SEQUENCE?
A sequence in which each
term can be found by
multiplying or dividing the
previous term by the same
number.

x3 x3 x3 x3
3, 9, 27 , 81, 243…………..
What is the common
ratio?
The ratio between 2
successive terms

2, 8, 32, 128, 512…………..


 2, 8, 32, 128, 512………….. …………..

T1 T2 T3 T4
Common ratio , r = T2÷T1
= 8÷2
=4
or
Common ratio, r = T3÷T2
= 32÷8
=4
LET’S
PRACTICE!
ARITHMETIC OR
GEOMETRIC
SEQUENCE?

10, 15, 20, 25, 30……


Is this an arithmetic
or geometric
sequence?
2, 12, 72, 432, 2,592……
What is the next term
in this sequence?

5, -1, -7 -13 , _____


What is the next term
in this sequence?

-400,-380,-360,-340 ,
____
What is the next term
in this sequence?

12, -48, 192 , -768____


Nth term of a geometric
sequence

n 1
Tn ar
# of term
1st term
that
nth term Common we are
ratio trying
to find
1) Find the given term for the following geometric sequences.

(a) The 8th term for the sequence 2,8,32,…


(b) The 9th term for the sequence 6,18,54,162,…
(c) the 12th term for the sequence 1,-2,4,…
(d) The 6th term for the sequence ½, ¼, 1/8, …

2) What is the number of terms for the following


geometric sequence?
a) 10,20,40,…,10240
b) 100,80,64,…,40.96
c) 4,16,64,…,65536
d) 1/81, 1/27,1/9,…3
Sum of first n terms of a geometric
sequence
n
a (r  1) a (1  r n )
Sn  if r  1 OR
Sn  if r  1
r 1 1 r
Number of
First Term terms
Sum of the
first nth terms

Common
ratio
To solve:
(2 unknown variables)

• Arithmetic sequence : usually we apply


(solving simultaneous equations)
substitution/elimination
• Geometric sequence : usually we apply
(DIVISION)
Equation with higher power

Equation with lower power


1) All the terms of a geometric sequence are positive.
The third term of the sequence is 45 while the fifth
term is 101.25.Find
(a) the first term and the common ratio.
(b) the sum of the first 5th terms.

2)For a geometric sequence, the second term is 6 and


the sixth term is 7,776. Given that all the terms are
positives, find
(a) the 10th term and
(b) the 15th term.

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