SMART Transmission Line Cable Fault Detection and Monitoring System using Android Application

A project/Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGG. in ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC
ENGINEERING
by
Parvej Hossain Orchid Barua Iftekhar Saimon
Roll No. EEE19010303 Roll No. EEE19070303 Roll No. EEE19070304

Under the guidance of

Syed Munimus Salam
Assistant Professor, EEE

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC)
Foy’s Lake, Khulshi, Chattogram -4202
Bangladesh
January 2023
Overview
 Introduction
 Objectives
 Problem Statement
 Literature Review
 Circuit Diagram
 Methodology
 Results
 Prototype Design
 Discussion
 Conclusion
 Future Work
 References
 Appendix
 Introduction
 In the current time electricity is the most important part in human being and day to day life
cycle. Faults on transmission line can be cause mechanical failure, excessive internal and
external stresses, lightning strikes etc.[1]
 In transmission line such type of fault three phase line to line fault, three phase line to ground
fault, Double line to ground fault. Power system is classified into three main types like this,
power generation, transmission and distribution transmission system is considered to main
part of the power system. Current scenario as it lot supply and demand of transmission
network. Due to the fault in transmission line disturb the supply of power to the consumer.[3]
 There are some benefits to accurate fault detection system, because including less time to
save electricity, low maintenance cost, save the electrical equipment’s. A system is not detect
the fault in real time these type of system lot of hazardous in transmission network.[5] [6]
 Objectives
 To detect the transmission line fault so the user can easily recognize the current condition of
the distribution line.
 To Monitor the distribution line status continuously.
 To detect the transmission line fault while simultaneously finding the problem from a
particular distance (Km).
 To Protect the distribution line fault due to constraints such as overvoltage, undervoltage,
Single line to Ground fault, and double line to ground fault.
 Problem Statement

 The occurrence of faults on a transmission line is extremely dangerous for the community, as
it decreases the reliability of the transmission line. In HV and EHV transmission lines, faults
rarely occur; however, in localities, the occurrence of faults is higher than in outer
transmission lines.

 To address this situation, we have created a prototype model that tracks transmission line
faults. The information regarding the event of a fault in a specific phase with distance is sent
to a web page and an Android app via the Internet of Things (IoT) using ESP-32, and it is also
displayed on the screen.
 Literature Review
 Transmission system protection is very crucial thing in current scenario, because in power
system 85 to 87% of power system faults are coming off in transmission lines. Classify the
perfect technique, to detect the fault in transmission line, like line to line fault, line to ground
fault etc.[1]
 This paper clarified to the perfect detection of fault. In the use of wavelet analysis or power
system translators. In this system a huge ability to spoil the current and voltage signal.[2]
 In this method used wavelet which shows light signal and provide more features. [3] Clarified
that the paper aims to design the fault detection system with the help of auto recloser of
overhead[4] or three phase system with data acquisition system that says this method is very
hardly to detect the fault on transmission lines.[5]
 This system will deplete the man power off closing the circuit breaker.[6] This pater shows the
in such many solve the problems faced in transmission line and consumers by using the
method, we can easily detect the fault and resolve it and problem solved in real line very
useful for the future.[7]
 Circuit Diagram

Figure: Circuit Diagram

 Block Diagram

Figure: Block Diagram

 Methodology

Figure: Flow Chart

 Results

Figure: Output is showing in Android ‘Blynk’ Application

 Results

Figure: Blynk Web Server

 Prototype design
1. The transformer has 240v primary windings. The transformer act
as step down transformer reducing ac - 240v to ac - 12v.
2. ESP32 is a single 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi-and-Bluetooth combo chip
designed with the TSMC low-power 40 nm technology.
3. A voltage sensor is a device that measures voltage. Voltage
sensors can measure the voltage in various ways, from measuring
high voltages to detecting low current levels. These devices are
essential for many applications, including industrial controls and
power systems.
4. The Current Sensor Module (CSM) provides information about
factors such as current and temperature to the CAN interface.
5. LCD are used in embedded system applications for displaying
various parameters and status of the system. LCD 16x2 is a 16-
pin device that has 2 rows that can accommodate 16 characters
each. LCD 16x2 can be used in 4-bit mode or 8-bit mode.
 Discussion
 In this project we proposed IoT based real time fault sensing and locating fault (km). We
take power supply, 5v power supply to operating of module. We arrange three phase
transmission line structure and three phases R-Y-B. Then this use of supply and activate
module.
 Programable Embedded C++/C ESP-32(SoC) is connected to DC power supply is act as
brain. We use ESP-32(SoC) Wi-Fi module these indicate and sense which type of fault and
then provide the information In this system, we have introduced an improved way to detect
faults. 5V, 4 Relays are used for protection because relays isolate the load at the time of
fault. In case, there is any network problem, we have using LCD display. So that, one can
see fault information in the Android Application ‘Blynk’.
Conclusion
The model is designed to solve the problems faced by power system.
 By using such a method, we can easily detect the fault and resolve it. It is highly reliable and
locates the fault in three phase transmission line and also supposed to data storage.
 It allows to record all of the real time data sheets up to date and avoiding future transmission
line problems.
 Future Work
This project can be included Underground Line Fault Detection, Spray on Insulators.
Also project can be expanded to
1. Lightning stroke.
2. Human Error.
Reference
[1] A. D. B. “TRANSMISSION LINE FAULT DETECTION USING WAVELET TRANSFORM”. International Journal on
Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication, vol. 2, no. 10, Oct. 2014, pp. 3138-42,
doi:10.17762/ijritcc.v2i10.3364.
[2] Fault Detection and Classification in Three Phase Transmission Line Using Signal Processing (Dr. D.Kavitha, May 2018)
[3] Guruprasad P. Sali, Mohini J. Deshmukh, Mrunalini S. Wankhede, Bipasa B. Patra, "Smart IOT Automation for Advanced
Home Security”, International Journal of Engineering Research in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (IJEREEE), Vol 6, Issue
4, IFERP, April 2020, ISSN (Online) - 2395-2717, pp.1-6, doi: 01.1617/vol7/iss4/pid45820
[4] Dhawale, Vishvadeep J., Vishal Dake, and Prafulla A. Desale. "Blocking the Distance Relay 3rd Zone Operation during
Power Swings by DTLR Enhancement in MATLAB/Simulink." International Journal of Electronic and Electrical Engineering.
Vol. 7. No. 7. International Research Publication House, 2014. 757-765.
[5] Transmission and fault detection and classification (Manohar singh, Dr. B.k panigrahi, Dr. R.P Maheshwari, Member I EEE)
[6] Transmission line fault detection using wavelet transform (Anurag.D.Borkhade, Assistant Professor)
[7] Arduino based auto recloser for three phase AC system (Rajeev valunjkr 2017)
Appendix
#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial // Pin assignments for current #define RL 13
#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_ID sensors #define BL 27
"TMPL6tKACaSrZ" const int currentSensor = 34; #define YL 14
#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_NAME int mVperAmp = 185; // this #define in4 26
"Transmission Line Cable Fault Detection" the 5A version of the ACS712 -use #define load 18
#define BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN 100 for 20A Module and 66 for
"qi_iJjp_gLiby- 30A Module #define BUTTON_PIN_1 25
V94mWuTBGqE5TuiGUS" int Watt = 0; #define BUTTON_PIN_2 32
#include <Wire.h> double Voltage = 0; #define BUTTON_PIN_3 33
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h> double VRMS = 0; //#define BUTTON_PIN_4 13
#include <WiFi.h> double AmpsRMS = 0; //#define BUTTON_PIN_5 15
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp32.h> //#define BUTTON_PIN_6 13
#include <Arduino.h> // Pin assignments for voltage
char auth[] = BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN; sensors LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27,16,2);//for
char ssid[] = "Jontrotantrik"; const int voltageSensor = 35; i2c lcd
// Your WiFi credentials. float voltage=0; BlynkTimer timer;
char pass[ ] = "jtl.robotics"; int phase[3] = {16, 17, 19};
//******************************
Thank You!!!