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L1-Introduction to Numerical Methods

The document outlines the basics of Computer Oriented Numerical Methods, emphasizing the need for numerical methods in solving mathematical problems that may not have analytical solutions. It distinguishes between numerical methods and numerical analysis, highlighting the iterative nature and limitations of numerical methods. The document also describes the stages involved in developing a numerical method, culminating in the implementation of a computer program to test the algorithm.

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2 views8 pages

L1-Introduction to Numerical Methods

The document outlines the basics of Computer Oriented Numerical Methods, emphasizing the need for numerical methods in solving mathematical problems that may not have analytical solutions. It distinguishes between numerical methods and numerical analysis, highlighting the iterative nature and limitations of numerical methods. The document also describes the stages involved in developing a numerical method, culminating in the implementation of a computer program to test the algorithm.

Uploaded by

khushbu kumari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course ID: CA552

Computer Oriented Numerical Methods

• Introduction to Numerical Methods


• Need of Numerical Methods
What are numerical methods?
• The process of evaluation involving ‘numbers’
rather than symbols is called numerical
method.

Characteristics of numerical methods:


• We can only use this method if all numerical
values are known
• It is an iterative method
• It does not give us always the exact solution
• It does not always work
Examples
ax +bx+c=0 ……(1)
2

1.

2.
X1 + 5X2 = 10 ……….(2)
3X1 + X2 = 8 ……….(3)
Numerical Methods vs Numerical Analysis?

• Numerical analysis is the study


of algorithms that use
numerical approximation for the problems
of mathematical analysis.
• Most of the methods we will study therefore
not fall under this category.
• Numerical Method
• Numerical methods are techniques that are used to
approximate Mathematical procedures (examples of
mathematical processes are integrals, differential
equations, nonlinear equations).
• We need approximations because we either
– cannot solve the procedure analytically or
– because the analytical method is intractable (an example is
solving a set of a thousand simultaneous linear equations
for a thousand unknowns).
Why use numerical methods?
• In general, analytical methods for the solution of the
equations which arise in applied science or engineering are to
be preferred, as they lead to general rather than particular
solutions.
• However, there are some situations in which a numerical
method may be preferred despite an analytical solution being
available.
• For example: If the solution to a problem involves a
complicated series which converges very slowly, and which
can not be summed analytically, the practical evaluation of
the solution may be more efficient by numerical method than
by computation and summation.
Why use numerical methods? (cont..)
• Unfortunately, engineering problems are generally highly
complex, often involving non-linear phenomena, and it is not
uncommon to find that our mathematical knowledge is not
sufficient to enable an analytical solution to a ‘real’ problem
to be found.
• Another situation in which numerical methods must be used
is when the information being handled is given in tabular
form rather than functional form.
• For example: When it has been obtained in an experiment.
Any treatment of this information must be by a numerical
method.
The use of numerical methods
There are three stages in the development of a numerical
method for the solution of an engineering or scientific
problem:

• The formulation of the problem.


• The development of a mathematical model.
• The construction of an algorithm.

FINALLY:
Write a computer program and test the algorithm by
changing values of the parameters involved in the
problem

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