Lesson 4

The Normal
Random Variable
and Standard
Normal
Distribution
Statistics and Probability
Core Subject – Senior High School
 At the end of the lesson, you should be able to do the
following:

1. Illustrate a normal random variable and its

characteristics (M11/12SP-IIIc-1).
2. Identify regions under the normal curve
Learning that correspond to different standard
Competen normal values (M11/12SP-IIIc-3).
cies 3. Convert a normal random variable to a
standard normal variable and vice versa
(M11/12SP-IIIc-4).
4. Calculate probabilities and percentiles
using the standard normal table
(M11/12SP-IIId-1).
Learning ●
Objectives
 1 Normal Distribution
a continuous probability
distribution where most of the
scores tend to be closer to the
The mean.
Normal
Distributi
on
 2 Normal Random
1
Variable
a continuous random variable
of a normal distribution.
The
Normal
Distributi
on
 1
3 Normal Curve (or Bell
Curve)
a graph that represents the
probability density function of a
normal probability distribution. It is
also called a Gaussian curve
The named after the mathematician,
Carl Friedrich Gauss.
Normal
Curve
How do we
construct the
normal curve
of the data
given the
mean and
standard
deviation?
How do we
construct the
normal curve
of the data
given the
mean and
standard
deviation?
How do we
construct the
normal curve
of the data
given the
mean and
standard
deviation?
How do we
construct the
normal curve
of the data
given the
mean and
standard
deviation?
 4

The
Normal
Distributi
on
 4

The
Normal
Distributi
on
 5
5 Outliers
1
scores that are more than two
standard deviations away from
the mean.
Outliers
6 Extreme Outliers
1
and scores that are more than
Extreme three standard deviations
away from the mean.
Outliers
 a. A normal distribution is
6 symmetric about its mean.
b. Approximately 50% of the data
is less than the mean and
approximately 50% of the data
Characteristi is greater than the mean.
cs of a
Normally
Distributed
Set of Data c. The mean, median, and mode
of a normal distribution are all
equal.
 6

Characteristi
cs of a
Normally
Distributed
Set of Data
 6

Characteristi
cs of a
Normally
Distributed
Set of Data
 6

Characteristi
cs of a
Normally
Distributed
Set of Data
 5
1
7

The
Empirica
l Rule
 Example 2: What is the area of the
scores in a normally distributed
How do we
data that is more than one
solve the standard deviation above the
area of a mean?
region in a
normal
curve?
How do we
solve the
area of a
region in a
normal
curve?
How do we
solve the
area of a
region in a
normal
curve?
How do we
solve the
area of a
region in a
normal
curve?
How do we
solve
problems Construct the normal
involving the curve.
normal
random
variable?
How do we
solve
problems
involving the
normal
random
variable?
How do we
solve
problems
involving the
normal
random
variable?
 Example 4: The average score of 200
students in an entrance exam was 75.2 with
How do we a standard deviation of 3.8. Assuming that
the scores are normally distributed, how
solve many students got 79 and below?
problems
Construct the normal
involving the
curve.
normal
random
variable?
 Example 4: The average score of 200 students in an
entrance exam was 75.2 with a standard deviation of 3.8.
Assuming that the scores are normally distributed, how
many students got 79 and below?
How do we
solve The problem asks for the number of students
problems who got 79 and below. Thus, shade the area
involving the 79 to the left.
normal
random
variable?
 Example 4: The average score of 200 students in an
entrance exam was 75.2 with a standard deviation of 3.8.
Assuming that the scores are normally distributed, how
many students got 79 and below?
How do we
solve
problems
involving the
normal
random
variable?
Let’s try
it!
Let’s try
it!
Let’s try
it!
 8 Standard Normal
Distribution
a normal distribution with a
The mean of 0 and a standard
deviation of 1.
Standard
Normal
Distributio
n
 1
9

The
Standard
Normal
Distributio
n
 a. 𝑋 = 50
Example 7:

b. 𝑋 = 30
c. 𝑋 = 35
Examples:

corresponding 𝑍 scores of
Compute the

given 𝜇 = 35 and 𝜎 = 10.

the following raw scores
Examples:
 The Standard Normal
10
1 Distribution
expressed in a graph as a
normal curve with the
following properties:
The • the graph is a bell-shaped
Standard curve;
Normal • the graph is asymptotic to
Distributio the x-axis
n • the total area under the
normal curve is 1
 11
1

The
Standard
Normal
Distributio
n
How do we
compute the
probabilities
and percentiles
using the
standard
normal table?
How do we
compute the
probabilities
and percentiles
using the
standard
normal table?
How do we
compute the
probabilities
and percentiles
using the
standard
normal table?
Examples:
Examples:
Examples:
Examples:
 Example 11: 𝑋 is a normally
distributed variable with mean 𝜇 = 60
and standard deviation 𝜎 = 25. Find the

a. 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 80)
values of the following probabilities.

Let’s try b. 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 32)

it! c. 𝑃(30 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 74)

Standardize the normally distributed

data.
 Example 11: 𝑋 is a normally distributed variable with mean
𝜇 = 60 and standard deviation 𝜎 = 25. Find the values of

a. 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 80)
the following probabilities.

Let’s try
it!
 Example 11: 𝑋 is a normally distributed variable with mean
𝜇 = 60 and standard deviation 𝜎 = 25. Find the values of

b. 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 32)
the following probabilities.

Let’s try
it!
 Example 11: 𝑋 is a normally distributed variable with mean
𝜇 = 60 and standard deviation 𝜎 = 25. Find the values of

c. 𝑃(30 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 74)
the following probabilities.

Let’s try
it!
●Solve the given problem.
●There is a blood donation drive
happening in your barangay.
The group who organized the
event has a goal of being able
to collect blood donations of at
least 150 packs. If in all their
other events, they were able to
have a mean of blood donated
packs of 160, and a standard
deviation of 12, What is the
probability that they will reach
their goal? Assume that the
●
 problem.
●A carnival has an
average of 700 goers a
day with a statndard
deviation of 40. What is
the probability that
they will have between
680 to 820 goers the
next day? Assume that
the variables are
normally distributed.
STUDY IN
ADVANCE

1. Random Sampling
END OF
SESSION 4

Thank you
for your participation!