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Unit - 4 Dynamic - Programming (All Pairs Shortest Path or Floyd Warshall)

The document explains the Floyd-Warshall algorithm, which is used to solve the All Pairs Shortest Path problem in weighted directed graphs. It provides a step-by-step example of how to compute the shortest distances between all pairs of vertices using matrices D0 to D4. The final matrix D4 represents the shortest distances between all vertex pairs.

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Yashvant Solanki
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3 views10 pages

Unit - 4 Dynamic - Programming (All Pairs Shortest Path or Floyd Warshall)

The document explains the Floyd-Warshall algorithm, which is used to solve the All Pairs Shortest Path problem in weighted directed graphs. It provides a step-by-step example of how to compute the shortest distances between all pairs of vertices using matrices D0 to D4. The final matrix D4 represents the shortest distances between all vertex pairs.

Uploaded by

Yashvant Solanki
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter – 4

Dynamic Programming

1
Floyd – Warshall algorithm

 It is used for solving ‘All Pairs Shortest Path’ problem.

 “The problem is to find shortest distances between every pair

of vertices in a given weighted directed Graph”.

2
Example 1) Apply Floyd algorithm to find all pairs shortest path
from the given graph

3
Step 1 : Compute D0

1 2 3 4
1 0 5 ∞ ∞ Note: If node is
not directly
D0 =
2 50 0 15 5 connected take a
3 30 ∞ 0 15 distance as infinite
(∞)
4 15 ∞ 5 0

4
Step 2 : Compute D1
Note:

Consider 1 as intermediate node. 1.Make diagonal entries are


0 (or dash (-)) (self node
So, distance)
3 - 1 - 2 is possible  giving 35 ✔
4 - 1 - 2 is possible  giving 20 ✔ 2.Values of intermediate
node remain same for row
and column (or unchange)

(for example: Suppose


1 2 3 4
we are taking node 1 as an
1 0 5 ∞ ∞ intermediate node then
column of node 1 and row of
D1 =
2 50 0
node 1 remain unchange.)
3 30 0
4 15 0

5
Step 2 : Compute D1

Consider 1 as intermediate node.


So,
3 - 1 - 2 is possible  giving 35 ✔
4 - 1 - 2 is possible  giving 20 ✔

1 2 3 4
1 - 5 ∞ ∞
Take previous matrix ( D0) as a
D1 =
2 50 - 15 5 reference matrix for (D1)
3 30 35 - 15

4 15 20 5 -

6
Step 3 : Compute D2

✔
✔

1 2 3 4
1 0 5 20 10
Take previous matrix ( D1) as a
D2 =
2 50 0 15 5 reference matrix for (D2)
3 30 35 0 15

4 15 20 5 0

7
Step 4 : Compute D3

1 2 3 4
1 - 5 20 10
Take previous matrix ( D2) as a
D3 =
2 35 - 15 5 reference matrix for (D3)
3 30 35 - 15

4 15 5 -

8
Step 5 : Compute D4

✔
✔

1 2 3 4 Take previous matrix ( D3) as a


1 - 5 15 10 reference matrix for (D4)

D4 =
2 20 - 10 5
This matrix (D4) shows the shortest
3 30 35 - 15
Distance between all the pairs of
4 15 20 5 - the vertices

9
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