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Unit 4 Concepts of Stream

The document introduces the Java Stream API, which was introduced in Java 8 for processing collections of objects through a sequence of methods that can be pipelined. It outlines the creation of streams, their features, and the types of operations (intermediate and terminal) that can be performed on them. Key intermediate operations such as map, filter, and sorted are also discussed, highlighting their syntax and functionality.

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Abirami Durai
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4 views9 pages

Unit 4 Concepts of Stream

The document introduces the Java Stream API, which was introduced in Java 8 for processing collections of objects through a sequence of methods that can be pipelined. It outlines the creation of streams, their features, and the types of operations (intermediate and terminal) that can be performed on them. Key intermediate operations such as map, filter, and sorted are also discussed, highlighting their syntax and functionality.

Uploaded by

Abirami Durai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT 4

CONCEPTS OF STREAM
9. CONCEPTS OF STREAM
• Stream was introduced in Java 8, the Stream API is used to process collections of objects.
A stream in Java is a sequence of objects that supports various methods that can be pipelined to
produce the desired result.
Use of Stream in Java
• The uses of Stream in Java are mentioned below:
• Stream API is a way to express and process collections of objects.
• Enable us to perform operations like filtering, mapping, reducing, and sorting.
How to Create a Java Stream?
• Java Stream Creation is one of the most basic steps before considering the functionalities of the
Java Stream. Below is the syntax given for declaring a Java Stream.

Syntax
• Stream<T> stream;
• Here, T is either a class, object, or data type depending upon the declaration.
Java Stream Features
• The features of Java streams are mentioned below:
• A stream is not a data structure; instead, it takes input from the Collections, Arrays, or I/O
channels.
• Streams don’t change the original data structure, they only provide the result as per the pipelined
methods.
• Each intermediate operation is lazily executed and returns a stream as a result, hence, various
intermediate operations can be pipelined. Terminal operations mark the end of the stream and
return the result
Different Operations On Streams
There are two types of Operations in Streams:
1. Intermediate Operations
2. Terminal Operations
Intermediate Operations
Characteristics of Intermediate Operations
• Methods are chained together.
• Intermediate operations transform a stream into another stream.
• It enables the concept of filtering where one method filters data and passes it to another method
after processing.

Benefit of Java Stream


• There are some benefits because of which we use Stream in Java as mentioned below:
• No Storage
• Pipeline of Functions
• Laziness
• Can be infinite
• Can be parallelized
• Can be created from collections, arrays, Files Lines, Methods in Stream, IntStream etc.
Important Intermediate Operations
There are a few Intermediate Operations mentioned below:
1. map(): The map method is used to return a stream consisting of the results of applying the given
function to the elements of this stream.
• Syntax:
• <R> Stream<R> map(Function<? super T, ? extends R> mapper)
2. filter(): The filter method is used to select elements as per the Predicate passed as an argument.
• Syntax:
• Stream<T> filter(Predicate<? super T> predicate)
3. sorted(): The sorted method is used to sort the stream.
• Syntax:
• Stream<T> sorted()
Stream<T> sorted(Comparator<? super T> comparator)
4. flatMap(): The flatMap operation in Java Streams is used to flatten a stream of collections into a
single stream of elements.
Syntax:
<R> Stream<R> flatMap(Function<? super T, ? extends Stream<? extends R>> mapper)

5. distinct(): Removes duplicate elements. It returns a stream consisting of the distinct elements
(according to Object.equals(Object)).
Syntax:
Stream<T> distinct()

6. peek(): Performs an action on each element without modifying the stream. It returns a stream
consisting of the elements of this stream, additionally performing the provided action on each
element as elements are consumed from the resulting stream.
Syntax:
Stream<T> peek(Consumer<? super T> action)
Thank You

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