Scribd
Upload
48 views10 pages

Fully Observable vs. Partially Observable Environments Final

The document discusses the differences between fully observable and partially observable environments in AI, highlighting how these environments affect an agent's perception and decision-making. Fully observable environments allow agents complete information for simpler decision-making, while partially observable environments introduce uncertainty and require memory and advanced reasoning techniques. Understanding these distinctions is essential for designing effective AI systems.

Uploaded by

DEEKSHITH R
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
48 views10 pages

Fully Observable vs. Partially Observable Environments Final

The document discusses the differences between fully observable and partially observable environments in AI, highlighting how these environments affect an agent's perception and decision-making. Fully observable environments allow agents complete information for simpler decision-making, while partially observable environments introduce uncertainty and require memory and advanced reasoning techniques. Understanding these distinctions is essential for designing effective AI systems.

Uploaded by

DEEKSHITH R
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

Fully Observable

vs. Partially
Observable
Environments
Understanding Types of
Perception in AI

Deekshith R 22BTRCN068
Introduction to Environments in AI

What is an environment?
• The "world" in which an
AI agent operates.
Relevance to AI:
• An agent’s ability to perceive and
act depends on the type of
environment.
• Differentiation: Fully vs. Partially
Observable.
Fully Observable Environment

• Definition:
The agent has access to complete information
about the environment at all times.

• Characteristics:
No hidden variables, full visibility of the
environment’s state.

• Example:
Chess: All pieces and moves are visible to both
players.
Advantages of Fully Observable
Environments
Simplified Decision
Making • Simplified Decision Making:
No uncertainty; the agent can make perfect decisions based on
available information.
No Memory
• No Memory Required:
Required The agent doesn't need to recall past states, since it always has
full information.
• Example Algorithm:
Simpler algorithms Classical search algorithms (e.g., A* in pathfinding).
Partially Observable
Environment

• Definition:
The agent only has access to partial or
incomplete information about the
environment

• Characteristics:
Some aspects are hidden, making
decisions based on uncertainty.

• Example:
Poker: Each player only knows their own
cards, not the others’.
Challenges of Partially Observable Environments

• Uncertainty in Decision Making:


⚬ The agent must infer hidden information and deal with
unknowns.

• Need for Memory:


⚬ The agent must store past observations to predict hidden
states.

• Complexity:
⚬ Advanced reasoning techniques required, such as
probabilistic models or learning algorithms.
Techniques for Partially Observable Environments

• Probabilistic Reasoning:
Used to estimate likely states.

• Hidden Markov Models (HMMs):


For systems with hidden state variables.

• Reinforcement Learning:
Learning through interaction with the environment over time.
Fully Observable vs. Partially Observable
(Comparison Table)

Fully Partially
Feature
Observable Observable

Information Availability Complete Incomplete

Decision Making Easier, deterministic Uncertain, probabilistic

Use of Memory Not required Required


Real-World Applications
• Fully Observable:
⚬ Grid-based pathfinding in games, assembly line
robots.

• Partially Observable:
⚬ Autonomous vehicles navigating uncertain
environments, healthcare diagnosis systems.
Conclusions
• Fully observable environments
provide full information, making
decisions simpler
.
• Partially observable environments
require handling uncertainty and
often complex techniques.

Understanding the environment type is crucial


for designing effective AI systems.

You might also like