BIG

DATA
1. Introduction Conte
2. What is Big Data
nt
3. Characteristic of Big Data
4. Storing,selecting and processing of Big
Data
5. Why Big Data
6. How it is Different
7. Big Data sources
8. Tools used in Big Data
9. Application of Big Data
10. Risks of Big Data
11. Benefits of Big Data
12. How Big Data Impact on IT
13. Future of Big Data
 Introduction
• Big Data may well be the Next Big Thing in the
IT world.

• Big data burst upon the scene in the first decade of

the 21st century.

• The first organizations to embrace it were online

and startup firms. Firms like Google, eBay, LinkedIn,
and Facebook were built around big data from the
beginning.

• Like many new information technologies, big data

can bring about dramatic cost reductions,
substantial improvements in the time required to
perform a computing task, or new product and
service offerings.
 What is BIG DATA?
• ‘Big Data’ is similar to ‘small data’, but
bigger in size

• but having data bigger it requires

different approaches:
– Techniques, tools and architecture

• an aim to solve new problems or old

problems in a
better way

• Big Data generates value from the

storage and processing of very large
quantities of digital information that
cannot be analyzed with traditional
computing techniques.
 What is BIG
• DATA
Walmart handles more than 1 million
customer transactions every hour.

• Facebook handles 40 billion photos from its

user base.

• Decoding the human genome originally took 10years

to process; now it can be achieved in one week.
Three Characteristics of Big
Data V3s

Volume Velocit Variet

• Data y y
quantit • Data • Data
y Spee Type
d s
 1st Character of Big
Data Volu
me
•A typical PC might have had 10 gigabytes of storage in 2000.

•Today, Facebook ingests 500 terabytes of new data every day.

•Boeing 737 will generate 240 terabytes of flight data during a

single flight across the US.

•The smart phones, the data they create and consume; sensors
embedded into everyday objects will soon result in billions of
new, constantly-updated data feeds containing environmental,
location, and other information, including video.
 2nd Character of
Big Data
•
Velocity
Clickstreams and ad impressions
at millions of events per second
capture user behavior

• high-frequency stock trading algorithms reflect market

changes within microseconds

• machine to machine processes exchange data

between billions of devices

• infrastructure and sensors generate massive log data in

real- time

• on-line gaming systems support millions of

concurrent users, each producing multiple inputs per
 3rd Character of
Big Data
• Variety
Big Data isn't just numbers, dates, and strings. Big
Data is also geospatial data, 3D data, audio and
video, and unstructured text, including log files
and social media.

• Traditional database systems were designed to

address smaller volumes of structured data, fewer
updates or a predictable, consistent data
structure.

• Big Data analysis includes different types of data

 Storing Big Data
Analyzing your data
characteristics
• Selecting data sources for analysis
• Eliminating redundant data
• Establishing the role of NoSQL
Overview of Big Data stores
• Data models: key value, graph,
document, column-family
• Hadoop Distributed File System
• HBase
 Selecting Big Data stores
• Choosing the correct data stores based
on your data characteristics

• Moving code to data

• Implementing polyglot data store

solutions

• Aligning business goals to the

appropriate data store
 Processing Big Data
 Integrating disparate data stores
• Mapping data to the programming framework
• Connecting and extracting data from storage
• Transforming data for processing
• Subdividing data in preparation for
Hadoop MapReduce

 Employing Hadoop MapReduce

• Creating the components of Hadoop
MapReduce jobs
• Distributing data processing across server
farms
• Executing Hadoop MapReduce jobs
• Monitoring the progress of job flows
 The Structure of
Big Data
Structured
• Most traditional
data sources

Semi-structured
• Many sources of
big data

Unstructured
• Video data, audio
data 1
3
 Why Big
Data
• Growth of Big Data is needed

– Increase of storage capacities

– Increase of processing power

– Availability of data(different data types)

– Every day we create 2.5 quintillion bytes of

data; 90% of the data in the world today has
been created in the last two years alone
 Why Big
Data
•FB generates 10TB daily

•Twitter generates 7TB of

data
Daily

•IBM claims 90% of

today’s stored data was
generated in just the last
two years.
 How Is Big Data Different?
1) Automatically generated by a
machine (e.g. Sensor embedded in
an engine)

2) Typically an entirely new source of

data (e.g. Use of the internet)

3) Not designed to be
friendly (e.g. Text
streams)
16
 Big Data sources

Users

Application Large and growing

files (Big data
files)
Systems

Sensors
Data generation points Examples

Mobile Devices

Microphones

Readers/Scanners

Science facilities

Programs/

Software Social

Media Cameras
 Big Data
Analytics
• Examining large amount of data

• Appropriate information

• Identification of hidden patterns, unknown

correlations

• Competitive advantage

• Better business decisions: strategic and

operational

• Effective marketing, customer satisfaction,

increased
revenue
 Types of tools used in
Big-Data
• Where processing is hosted?
– Distributed Servers / Cloud (e.g. Amazon EC2)
• Where data is stored?
– Distributed Storage (e.g. Amazon S3)
• What is the programming model?
– Distributed Processing (e.g. MapReduce)
• How data is stored & indexed?
– High-performance schema-free databases (e.g.
MongoDB)
• What operations are performed on data?
– Analytic / Semantic Processing
 Application Of Big Data analytics
Smarte Multi-
r channe
Healthc l sales
are

Homela Teleco
nd m
Securit
y

Trading
Traffic Analyti
Control cs

Searc
Manufactur h
ing Qualit
y
 Risks of Big Data
• Will be so overwhelmed
• Need the right people and solve the right
problems

• Costs escalate too fast

• Isn’t necessary to capture 100%

• Many sources of big

data is privacy
• self-regulation
• Legal regulation
22
 Leading Technology Vendors

Example Commonality
Vendors
• MPP architectures
• IBM – Netezza • Commodity
Hardware
• EMC –
• RDBMS based
Greenplum • Full SQL compliance
• Oracle – Exadata
 How Big data impacts on IT
• Big data is a troublesome force presenting
opportunities with challenges to IT
organizations.

• By 2015 4.4 million IT jobs in Big Data ; 1.9

million is in US itself
• India will require a minimum of 1 lakh data
scientists in the next couple of years in
addition to data analysts and data managers
to support the Big Data space.
 Potential Value of Big Data
• $300 billion potential
annual value to US health
care.

• $600 billion potential annual

consumer surplus from
using personal location
data.

• 60% potential in
retailers’ operating
 India – Big Data
• Gaining attraction
• Huge market opportunities for IT
services (82.9% of revenues) and
analytics firms (17.1 % )
• Current market size is $200 million. By
2015 $1 billion
• The opportunity for Indian service
providers lies in offering services around
Big Data implementation and analytics for
global multinationals
 Benefits of Big Data
•Real-time big data isn’t just a process for storing
petabytes or exabytes of data in a data warehouse,
It’s about the ability to make better decisions and
take meaningful actions at the right time.

•Fast forward to the present and technologies like

Hadoop give you the scale and flexibility to store data
before you know how you are going to process it.

•Technologies such as MapReduce,Hive and Impala

enable you to run queries without changing the data
structures underneath.
 Benefits of Big Data
• Our newest research finds that organizations are using big
data to target customer-centric outcomes, tap into
internal data and build a better information ecosystem.

• Big Data is already an important part of the $64

billion database and data analytics market

• It offers commercial opportunities of a

comparable scale to enterprise software in the
late 1980s

• And the Internet boom of the 1990s, and the social

media explosion of today.
 Future of Big Data
• $15 billion on software firms only specializing
in data management and analytics.
• This industry on its own is worth more than
$100 billion and growing at almost 10% a year
which is roughly twice as fast as the software
business as a whole.
• In February 2012, the open source analyst firm
Wikibon released the first market forecast for Big
Data , listing $5.1B revenue in 2012 with growth
to
$53.4B in 2017
• The McKinsey Global Institute estimates that
data volume is growing 40% per year, and will